are orientation, complication, sequence of events, resolution, and coda.
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Here are the descriptions:
a. Orientation. This is the very first part of the story which is known as an introductory
paragraph. In orientation, the writer provides information about who is in the story, when the story is taking place and where the action is happening.
b. Complication. This part provides events that influences what will happen in the story. in
other words complication is a part where the problem or event start to happen. c. Sequence of events.
It is a part where the characters in the story react to the complication. It can be said that sequence of events are character’s reaction that result other events
happened in the story. d. Resolution.
Resolution is the part in which the characters solve the problem that appear in complication.
e. Coda. It is a comment or moral based on what has been learned from the story.
Coda is an optional part which is not always found in narrative text.
5. Example of Narrative Text
Here is one of the examples of narrative text taken from the revised English K-6 Syllabus by Jane Cavanagh
. The title of the text is “The Fight”.
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Orientation gives a setting for events
and introduces the “I” the narrator.
Complication includes
evaluation,
e.g. I didn’t mind this
It all happened when I was walking home from school. Two kids from my class decided to pick on me. They started
yelling stupid names like spazzo, pigface, etc. I didn’t mind
this. I also didn’t mind Kelly punching me in the shoulder. What I did mind was the Kelly kept me occupied while
Matthew better known as Roberts rode my bike around the cul de sac of the street.
55
Anderson and Anderson, op. cit., p. 3.
56
Cavanagh, op. cit., p. 10.
Resolution
This was harmless. But, still riding, he kicked off my bag and jumped off the bike leaving it to fall. This made me
sore. I gave in to my temper. When Matthew saw this he took off. So it was me and David Kelly to battle it out. I chased
him around and around the street. When I finally caught him I threw punches galore.
Coda
Most of them missed. Kelly managed to escape and run home. I think I was the
victor, but if I was, I don’t think it was worth it.
C. The Mind Mapping Technique
1. The Definition of Mind Mapping
To explore the effective technique for teaching reading of narrative text, this study adopted mind mapping technique developed by Tony Buzan as a tool to
represent students’ understanding of narrative text. Mind mapping is a process where the students transfer some information from what they acquired into a
visual design that consists of one main topic which has some branches that leads into some details related to the major idea.
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According to Bennett and Rolheiser, mind mapping is analytical process using creative combination of words, visuals,
colour, connector and codes involved along the process.
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But, one thing that should be remembered is that the students should avoid creating an artistic
masterpiece on a mind map they are making.
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This is applied to any mind maps which are constructed for a classroom activity like writing or reading activity in
the classroom. It is because the students have to construct a mind map quickly without pauses and editing. For example, it will time-consuming if the students
pay more attention to draw a perfect symbols or pictures instead of writing down the important information in a test about narrative text.
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Tony Buzan, Mind Maps for Kids, an Introduction —the Shortcut to Success at School,
UK: Thorsons, 2003, pp. 7 —9.
58
Barrie Bennett and Carol Rolheiser, Beyond Monet: The Artful Science of Instructional Integration, Toronto: Bookation Inc., 2001, p. 289.
59
Writing Centre Learning Guide of the University of Adelaide, Mind Mapping, 2014, www.adelaide.edu.auwritingcentre, p. 2.
