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E. Data analysis
In analyzing data, Burns 1999:157 suggests five steps to analyze the research data. Those five steps are: assembling the data, coding the data,
comparing the data, building interpretation, and reporting the outcomes. The explanation of the five steps will be presented below.
1. Assembling the data
In this stage, the researcher assembled the data. Field notes, questionnaire, and interview transcripts were the data collected on the
reconnaissance step or the initial step of the research, which need to be assembled by the researcher. This data assembling brought the data
together and then brought up a pattern of data. This pattern was compared and contrasted to find out the data that fit together. This
pattern was also adapted and added as the researcher continues the research.
2. Coding the data
In this stage, the researcher coded the data. The researcher reduced the large amount of the data that had been collected to more
manageable categories of concepts, types, or themes. 3.
Comparing the data This stage allowed the researcher to compare the data in order to see
whether the themes or patterns were repeated or developed across
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different data gathering technique. It more concerned with the displaying the data rather than explaining or interpreting them.
4. Building interpretation
In this stage, the researcher thought creatively in interpreting the data and also developing theories regarding the particular patterns of
behavior that had occurred. 5.
Reporting the outcomes In this stage, the researcher presented an account of the research for
others. In presenting, the account research, the researcher showed the report that set out the process of the research by discussing the
question, describing the context of the research, outlining and interpreting the finding, and suggesting the feed back project.
F. Research procedure
1. Determining the thematic concern-reconnaissance
The reconnaissance step was firstly conducted by the researcher. This step allowed the researcher to find out the writing ability of the participants.
Besides that, this step also helped the researcher to prepare of what the researcher was going to do during the research. In this step, the researcher tried
to find out the problem related to the participants’ writing ability and then prepared the activity to solve the problem. The activity was aimed to be
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appr opriate to the participants’ level of knowledge. Hence, the researcher
considered the best treatment to be used in such condition.
2. Planning
Planning was the step in which the problem found from the participants got the main focus from the researcher. Given to this, the researcher attempted
to design the teaching material and activity which could enhance the participants’ writing ability. The material design was planned to be not only
appropriate to the participants’ level but also attracting their motivation toward writing. In addition, this step also allowed the researcher to prepare the
instrument to collect the data. 3.
Action and observation
In this step, the researcher implemented the plans that had been prepared in the previous step. Besides that, this was the step where the researcher
observed the classroom activity helped by the collaborator. This observation was important as the data collection in order to find out the progress done by
the participants. The participants’ response to the question and the activity was noted down by the researcher in this step.
4. Reflection
The researcher and the collaborator conducted a reflection after the action in the class was done. This reflection was important to see whether the
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