67 because she expected that all of her students are active in her class or at least tried
to engage with the class activity.
4. Providing Students with Performance-Based Feedback
Lecturers need to realize that providing students with meaningful feedback can greatly enhance learning and improve student achievement. It is
related to Schunk 2008 who claims that a major teaching function is providing different forms of feedback see table 2.1 and 4.1. Lecturers who believe in their
students ’ ability would like to find a way in order to facilitate students’ success.
One of the ways is providing feedback to convince the students about their ability. When students have access to this feedback information, they will
develop an awareness of their learning. Then, they would be more easily to recognize the mistakes and eventually develop the strategies for tackling weak
points of themselves. All of participants said that giving a feedback is important to make students feel controlled and appreciated by the lecturer or the teacher.
Being good lecturers means believing in the students’ ability no matter
the reality is. Based on Rosenthal ’s 1968 research that students’ outcome will be
influenced by lecturers’ belief on their students’ potentials in achieving learning. Most of the participants believe that when students feel respected by the lecturers,
it can motivate students to be motivated in their class. In addition, based on the interview, all of the participants defined that their way of teaching is influenced
by the implementation of self-fulfilling prophecy.
68 Based on the findings, the relation between self-fulfilling prophecies,
lecturers’ belief, lecturers-students good relation and students’ motivation could be seen from the chart as follows:
Figure 4.1 Relations between Self-fulfilling Pr ophecy and Students’ Motivation
According to Madon, Willard, Guyll Scherr, 2011, self-fulfilling prophecy means lecturers’ belief on the students’ abilities or potentials. In
increasing motivation, lecturers need to have good belief on their students to obtain the students’ engagement. The next one is when the lecturers have a good
belief on the students; it will influence their way or their manner of teaching which might influence the relation between the lecturers and the students. Based
on Madon, Willard, Guyll Scherr 2011, the lecturer-student good relation will increase the
students’ motivation. According to the perception of lecturers, self- fulfilling prophecy has been helpful in increasing the student
s’ motivation. It is proved
when lecturers’ implement self-fulfilling prophecy, it affects their way or manner in teaching their students such as Rosenthal’s 1968 suggestions: 1
creating a warm and friendly environment for students; 2 providing students with opportunities to develop their skills; 3 providing students with
1 Self-
Fulfilling Prophecy
2 Lecturers
Belief 3
Lecturers way of
teaching 4
Good relation
lecturers and
students 5
Students motivation
69 opportunities to practice their skills; and 4 providing students with performance-
based feedback.
