12. To induce either friendliness or intimacy of a deep or a durable kind. Same remark.
13. To show that one belongs to a certain school, trade, or profession, artistic or intellectual set, or social class; in brief, to be in the swim or to
establish contact.
14. Hence, to show or prove that someone is not in the swim. 15. To be secret - not understood by those around one. Children, students,
lovers, members of political secret societies, and criminals in or out of prison, innocent persons in prison, are the chief exponents.
E. Varieties of Slang
After reading the book “Slang, Today and Yesterday” by Eric Partridge
15
, the writer finds some types of English slang language. Some of slang types are:
1. Jargon
Jargon, originally as in Chaucer used of the warbling of birds, has long been employed loosely and synonymously for slang, but it should be reserved
for the technicalities of science , abuse or impertinence, as in Foote’s play , the
professions, and trades: though, for such technicalities shop is an equally good word.
For example, common people who live in Indonesia says: kelahiran , but obstetrician say partus. In every operation there is usually a specialist whose
jobs anesthetize patients before surgery. This doctor was not called dokter bius or tukang bius but called anastetis anesthetist.
15
Ibid,. p.1.
In discussing the spelling system, two linguists may prefer to use the word ortografi orthography. Rhyme at the end of lines of poetry called rima
ryme by the writer. To make a word more polite example: bathroom replacing a water closet is called euphemism Euphemism.
16
2. Argot
Argot slang is a kind of social groups is limited and often suspects activities as contrary to social norms and regulations. Members of these
groups have their own argot as one of self- identity that sets it apart from other groups.
“And argot has chiefly among the cultured and the pretentious. Now argot, being merely the French for slang, has no business to be used.
”
17
For example of the use of argot can be seen in the writings of James Kirkup entitled Erotica and Exotica, published in the Sunday Times dated
June 30, 1991 is: I was obsessed by public lavatories - cottages or tea-rooms in the
gay argot that was so very far from gay. The above story illustrates the lifestyle of the
“homosexual” community group. Definition of the term lavatory was not that of smaller rooms as
understood by the wider community but a place which is used by homosexual groups for sex. Similarly, the term tea-room does not mean
ro om for a cup of tea also “smoking room” is not a special room for
smoking but a place provided to inhale marijuana.
16
Wishnubroto Widarso, Bahasa Inggris: Dialek, Ragam, Jargon, Slang, Blends, Clipped Words, Yogyakarta: Kanisius, 1989, p.64.
17
Eric Partridge, Op, cit, p.5.
3. Colloquial
