42 Education Study Program lecturers of Sanata Dharma University. Those
participants were involved in this study as the experts who verified the designed materials. The verification on the designed materials aims to obtain feedback on
the designed materials. Thus, the writer distributed a questionnaire to those experts to obtain the feedback. The description of the participants in the
preliminary field testing can be seen in the table below.
Table 3.1: Participants on the Preliminary Field Testing
Participant’s Name
Sex Educational
Background Teaching Experience
in years F
M S1
S2 S3
1-5 6-10
11-15 15
Eighth grade English teachers
of SMP Negeri 2 Yogyakarta
2 -
2 -
- -
1 -
1
ELESP lecturers of Sanata
Dharma University
2 -
- 2
- 1
1 -
-
D. Instruments and Data Gathering Technique
There were two instruments used in this study. They were questionnaire and interview. Those two instruments were used in the process of research and
information collection and in the preliminary field testing. The use of those two instruments is explained as follows.
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1. Questionnaire
Questionnaire, according to Hopkins 2008, can be a simple way to collect as much information as needed p. 118. In this study, the writer needed to
collect the information about the students’ experiences, interests, lacks, and needs as well as the experts’ feedback on the designed materials. Thus, the questionnaire
was used to collect the information needed. There were two questionnaires used in this study.
The first questionnaire was addressed to the eighth graders of SMP Negeri 2 Yogyakarta. It aimed to collect the information about the students’
experiences, interest, lacks, and needs. The questionnaire was written in Bahasa Indonesia to help make it easy to be understood by the students. It is as clarified
by Fraenkel Wallen 2009 that a questionnaire should be attractive and easy to answer. Thus, the use of Bahasa Indonesia for the questionnaire to the students
enables students to answer the questions easily. Furthermore, the type of questions used in the first questionnaire was close-ended question. The questions were about
the students’ experiences, lacks, interest and needs on the listening class. The second questionnaire was addressed to the experts for the
verification of the designed materials. The experts can also be called as the evaluators. In this study, the evaluators were two eighth grade English teachers of
SMP Negeri 2 Yogyakarta and two English Language Education Study Program lecturers of Sanata Dharma University. Therefore, the questionnaire was
addressed to them. There were two parts in the questionnaire: part A and B. Part A contained close-ended question or multiple-choice question while part B
