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The detailed procedures of data collection and analysis would be described in 3.7 and 3.8 respectively.
3.2 Unit of Analysis
In the study, the unit of analysis is clause. It is in line with Eggins’ idea, arguing that ‘We will only focus on describing the structure of the clause. This is because
the clause is generally to be the pivotal unit of grammatical meaning, and also because patterns which can be identified for the clause have parallels for unit of lower ranks’
1994:139. Meanwhile Gerrot and Wignell 1995:82 also argue that clauses and clause complexes are equally applicable to spoken and written language and therefore are
preferred. However, in order to approach the problem systematically, the unit of analysis
was subdivided into two sub-units of analysis, namely 1 phrase and 2 intonation as the study involved very much of oral performance.
3.3 Instrument
In the study I acted as the main instrument. To be specific, I acted as an instrument and a data collector at the same time. By means of a videotape recorder, the
oral performance of the Pranatacara was recorded. A cassette recorder was used to record semi-structured interviews with the subject and some other experts in Javanese
who, in this respect, acted as expert judges. A field note is devised especially to record the kinesic behaviour showed while the oral performance was on going. Theories of the
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Javanese philosophy values and norms, rhetoric, pragmatics, kinesics, genre and
APPRAISAL
were utilized to further sort, and interpret the data
3.4 Subject and Site of the Study
It is argued that individuals who share a particular trait can be subjects in a qualitative study Bogdan and Biklen 1982. With this principle, the subject of this study
was one professional pranatacara, Mr. Sudiyono from Village of Dadimulyo RT 03RW 05 Gergunung, Klaten Utara.
Klaten was particularly selected as the reference due to its geographical representation as it is located between Surakarta and Yogyakarta. Therefore, it is logical
to assume that the style he adopts may represent both Surakarta and Yogyakarta styles. Based on the interview with him in his domicile, at 05.30 – 06.30 p.m., on
March 27, 2007, Mr. Sudiono is professionally a pranatacara instructor trainer at Permadani, an organization for lovers of cultural heritage. It was first established by Ki
Nartosabdo the late in an attempt to train pambyawara master of ceremony and pamedar sabda public speaker. The training includes trivial things, such as costumes,
attitudes and the beauty of language literary style as a pranatcara. For the purpose of data collection in the study I took a look at the schedules of
his jobs on which it was possible for me to videotape and cassette record one of his activities. It all ran well without any problem. The videotaping and cassette recording
activities were conducted on May 4, 2007.
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3.5 Data of the Study
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