: number of right answer from upper group : number of right answer from lower group
n : number of both groups
Table 3.4 Difficulty Level of Multiple Choice and Essay Item
Index of Difficulty
p 0.30 0.30 p
0.70 p 0.70
Remark Very
Difficult Adequate
Very Easy
Multiple Choice 2
16 12
Essay -
6 4
Source: ANATES V4
d. Discriminating Power
Categorization of discriminating power: 0.40 and up
: Very good items 0.30 – 0.39
: Good 0.20 – 0.29
: Mediocre need to be improved Below – 0.19
: Poor, to be rejected or improved by revision
Table 3.5 Discriminating Power of Multiple Choice and Essay
Index 0.40 and up
0.30 – 0.39 0.20 – 0.29
Below – 0.19
Remark Very Good
Good Mediocre
Poor
Multiple Choice 24
4 1
1 Essay
9 -
1 -
Source: ANATES V4
2. Observation
Observation was conducted to look at the condition of teaching and learning in the class. The process either in the experimental class or controlled class was
observed to compare how the activity in the classroom using entertaining Power Point and not using Power Point media. The observation data has been a qualitative
data to support the result of test as a quantitative data. In this process, there were two kinds of observation. The first, teacher as also
the researcher observed the students’ activity in both of class. The second, teacher ‘pamong’ noticed teaching activity in the experimental and controlled class which
was delivered by the English teacher, in this case, the researcher.
F. Technique in Analyzing Data
After gathering the data, gained score from pre and post-test formulated by the t-test formula with the significance level 5. By using t-test formula, the value
showed whether the use of entertaining Power Point media has significant influence on students’ understanding of Passive Voice. The first step was examining the
normality and homogeneity of data by statistically computation. After examining the data, the result of post-test was calculated by the t-test formula as follows:
3
Before calculating the t-test value to know whether the hypothesis is accepted or rejected, the result of pre-test and post-test were analyzed. Here are some
procedures:
4
3
Anas Sudijono, Pengantar Statistik Pendidikan, Jakarta: PT Raja Grafindo Persada, 2010, pp. 346—347.
4
Budi Susetyo, Statistika untuk Analisis Data Penelitian, Bandung: PT Refika Aditama, 2010, pp. 148—149.
1. The Normality of Data
Normality testing is intended to check whether or not the data is normally spread. It is necessary to look at the range of students’ score. The examining of
normality uses Lillyfors formula by using Microsoft Excel program the data will be showed in the appendix.
2. The Homogeneity of Data
Looking at the value of homogeneity is to know whether the data of this research is homogenous or heterogeneous. Homogeneity testing is calculated by
Fisher formula.
G. Procedure in Teaching Passive Voice
Procedure in teaching Passive Voice either in experimental class or controlled class is the same. The difference of both classes is only the use of entertaining media
in the class. The experimental class used media Power Point in teaching Passive Voice while the controlled class did not. The procedure in teaching was divided into
several steps. a. At the first step, students were taught about Passive Voice in general
including function of subject and object in sentence, the formula, the differentiation between passive and active voice, and the verb-change.
b. In the next step, students learnt about the use of Passive Voice in simple present and simple past tense.
c. At the third step, learning was continued on understanding the use of Passive Voice in present continuous and past continuous tense.
d. Then, at the fourth step, teaching about present perfect and past perfect was conducted.
e. At the fifth step, students learnt about the use of Passive Voice in future tense, and then teacher reviewed all the tenses which have been taught to
strengthen students’ understanding. f.
At the last step, students practiced in making Passive Voice and converting Active sentence into Passive.
H. Statistical Hypothesis
H
a
: if t
observed
t
table
, hypothesis alternative is accepted. It means that there is a significant influence of using entertaining Power Point media on students’
understanding of Passive Voice. H
o
: if t
observed
t
table
, hypothesis alternative is rejected. It means that there is no significant influence of using entertaining Power Point media on students’
understanding of Passive Voice.
40
CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDING
A. Data Description
1. Pretest and Posttest of Controlled Class Table 4.1
The Test Result of Controlled Class No.
Pretest Posttest
Gained Score
1. 59
75 16
2. 53
74 21
3. 64
82 18
4. 52
75 23
5. 46
80 34
6. 60
78 18
7. 69
73 4
8. 51
72 21
9. 43
87 44
10. 48
67 19
11. 47
76 29
12. 62
77 15
13. 51
72 21
14. 49
82 33
15. 60
65 5
16. 52
69 17
17. 33
59 26
18. 41
75 34
19. 37
70 33
