7
CHAPTER II THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
A. Learning Media
1. Definition of Learning Media
Media are the plural form of the word ‘medium’. It comes from Latin. Learning media is actually the media which are used in learning. Media are such
things that are used by teachers and students in teaching and learning process. Literally, media are mediator. In the communication process, media are used as the
mediator or channel to deliver message between interlocutors. Media are all kinds of aid to give the valuable contribution to teaching process, in another word, media are
something that drive the curriculum.
1
A set of plan which has been stated in curriculum should be run effectively by teachers. By using media, a process in
transferring knowledge occurs with the help of mediator. According to another definition, media and technology are regarded as the
central element in the approach to study.
2
In this case, the systematic instruction takes place in the classroom, and media are as the prominent things in facilitating the agent
in that learning process. In connection with the preceding argument, media are really needed in teaching and learning process. It is caused that learning media are such the
instruments which are used to facilitate the communication and interaction process between teachers and students.
3
Therefore, learning process in the classroom can be considered as a good process if teachers utilize media in their teaching.
1
Marianne C. Murcia, Teaching English as a Second or Foreign Language, New York: Heinle Heinle Publishers, 1991, 2
nd
Edition, pp. 454—455.
2
Jon Davison, Learning to Teach English, New York: Routledge Falmer, 2003, 2
nd
Edition, pp. 169—170.
3
Oemar Hamalik, Media Pendidikan, Bandung: PT Citra Adtya Bakti, 1994, p. 12.
Association for Education and Communication Technology AECT defines media as the things used to help the information transfer successfully.
4
In line with AECT, Association for National Education says that learning media are all kinds of
communications through either written or spoken form. Media should be used as the channels to help people deliver the information.
5
Based on both definitions above, learning media can be argued as a something that supports the conveying knowledge
in the educational process. Teachers may creatively organize or construct the media which are going to be implemented in the classroom depends on the instructional
objective. Thus, teachers have authority to select and apply the instrument as a learning media as long as it is appropriate to the curriculum, provided facility, and
capacity of school. Quoted from certain book, media is roughly defined as a mediator of
communication derived from the Latin word ‘between’, the term refers to anything that carries information between speakers to receivers, and media need such
equipment to deliver the information.
6
Actually, communication and media connect to each other. When people communicate with others, they directly use media to
convey their intention. It is necessary to carry the information to receiver easily. Therefore, media which are used in the learning process proposes to deliver
knowledge to students, and help them comprehend the delivered information quickly. Media in learning are all kinds used to convey the information in the
classroom between teachers to the students. It can be printed and non-printed media. Both kinds of media should be something that can be seen, listened, and read by
students. Teachers may create, organize, or construct their own media to design an interesting teaching style. In another word, learning media must be something that
can be used by teachers to stimulate and attract students’ interest in learning.
4
Arief S. Sadiman, Media Pendidikan: Pengertian, Pengembangan, dan Pemanfaatannya, Jakarta: PT Raja Grafindo Persada, 2005, 5
th
Edition, p. 6.
5
Ibid., p. 7.
6
Rudi Susilana, Media Pembelajaran, Bandung: CV Wacana Prima, 2009, pp. 6—7.
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