Fusion Types of Sound Changes which Occurred in Pronunciation of ELESP

52 Table 4.6 The Classification of Words Affected by Assimilation Words Longman Dictionary Participants’ Pronunciation Changes Appears ə ˈpɪə r z ə ˈpɪə r s z  s Because b ɪˈk ːz b ɪ ˈkos z  s Believe b ɪˈliːv bə ˈliːf v  f Cases ke ɪs. ɪz kes. ɪs z  s Change t ʃeɪndʒ t ʃens dʒ  s Does d ʌz d ʌs z  s Give g ɪv g ɪf v  f Good g ʊd g ʊt d  t Have hæv hef v  f Individuals ˌɪn.dɪˈvɪd.ju.əlz ˌɪn.dɪˈfɪd.u.əls z  s Influences ˈɪn.flu.əns.ɪz ˈɪn.flu.ens.ɪs z  s Native ˈneɪ.tɪv ˈne.tɪf v  f Of ːv of v  f Recognize ˈrek.əg.naɪz ˈrɪk.og.naɪs z  s Theories ˈθɪə.ri:z ˈteo.ri:s z  s By referring to the table above, final devoicing occurrence in participants‟ pronunciations involved four final voiced sounds to change. For example, in word because [ bɪˈkɑːz]. The researcher found that participants pronounced [bɪ ˈkos]; indicating the assimilation between z and s. The next example of final devoicing assimilation was the word believe [bɪˈliːv] to change into [bəˈliːf], allowing the final devoicing from voiced labiodental fricative v into the voiceless one f. In Indonesian language sound system, as explained by Yulia and Ena 2004, the sound z and s are allophonic as well as the sound v and f. 53 Therefore, the assimilation occurred because the participants did not perceive those sounds as distinctive sounds. The sound good [g ʊd] to become [gʊt], allows the final devoicing of voiced alveolar stop d into t. In Indonesian sound system, voiced alveolar stop d is allophonic to voiceless alveolar stop t if it is occurred in the end of the word. This change was caused by inappropriate analogy. The participants might have been accustomed to the allophonic sounds in the end of the word of their native language and then applied it in pronouncing the target language. The word change [tʃeɪndʒ] to be [tʃens] stimulated the final devoicing of voiced palatal affricates dʒ into voiceless alveolar fricative s. In Indonesian language sound system, such affricates do not exist in the end of the word Yulia Ena, 2004. The participants then substituted the palatal sounds into alveolar sound s, which is more familiar in Indonesian language sound system.

7. Abnormal Sound Changes

Crowley 1992 state other sound changes that do not obviously fit into any categories are included into abnormal sound changes. In this research, the researcher found three cases of abnormal sound changes that did not fit into any categories. Those three sound changes involved one vowel sound change and two consonantal sound changes. For the complete information, the researcher had listed the classification of words affected by abnormal sound changes in the Table 4.7. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI