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1. Speaking
The important idea of speaking is a tool of communication which refers to the medium of the message auraloral or written. According to Bailey 2005,
speaking is a productive auraloral skill which consists of producing systematic verbal utterances to convey meaning p. 48.
2. Scientific Approach, KTSP and Curriculum 2013
Scientific Approach is an approach that is used for giving a material based on fact which can be explained by logic. The result of learning is expected to
create productive, creative, innovative, and affective students by integrating their attitude, skill, and knowledge Kemendikbud, 2013. Scientific Approach consists
of six stages namely, observing, questioning, experimenting, associating, networking, and creating which are the compilations of many stages in affective,
skill, and knowledge domain Permendikbud, 2013. KTSP or School-Based Curriculum is designed based on PP No. 192005.
Sutena, Padmadewi, and Artini 2013 states that the schools are allowed to make their own syllabus and lesson plan under the supervision of district or city
department. However, in the curriculum development, the newest curriculum namely Curriculum 2013 was implemented on July, 2014. According to Lazim
2013, Curriculum 2013 is covering the competence of attitude, skill, and knowledge.
3. Student’s Perception
Perception is a sensory input and it is interpreted meaningfully, which can be con
structive in what people see. Perception can also be affected by individual’s
10 expectations Hochberg, 1978. By having such experience in learning, the student
will interpret and shape their view based on their experience in learning. The students’ perception is being observed in order to find out their problems in
mastering speaking skill. In the next chapter, the researcher provides the theories which can be used
as the underlying theories to answer the research problems. The theories are Scientific Approach, the theory of Scientific Approach, the theory of perception
and attitude stated by Altman and Valenzi 1985.
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