The Nature of Set Induction The Definition of Set Induction

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CHAPTER II REVIEW TO RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter is aimed at discussing the theories underlying the study. This chapter covers two major parts, namely, theoretical description and theoretical framework.

A. Theoretical Description

This part provides the theories that underline the research on set induction, which include the definition, purpose of set induction and the set induction methods.

1. The Nature of Set Induction

Set induction is aimed for creating a learning atmosphere, which result to the students’ motivation to the topic to be learnt. Set induction should be dome not only in the beginning of the learning activates but also when the teachers give new topics to the students Buku Pedoman Pengajaran Mikro, 2008:15-16. From this statement, it means that set induction has specific and important purposes in every learning activity. Set induction is not only an activity an the beginning of the lesson, but also in every time the teachers introduce new topic in the class Then, according to La Sulo, Prananto, Soedirjo, Waspodo Mulyoatmojo 1980: 35, set induction is an effort or activity conducted by the teachers in teaching and learning set to create pre-condition, as a mean to give positive effects, to the learning activity for the students’ mental and attentions to the topic PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 9 to be learned. Moreover, according to Brown 1975:87, it is important to choose the introductory set carefully so that it is interesting in itself to the pupils students and there is an obvious link between it and what is to be leaned. From these statements above mean that set induction is purposefully to prepare the students’ mental readiness and in order to build the students’ mind of positive effects on the subject that they will learn. It is needed to be considered t\about the importance of making an interesting set induction in order to catch the students’ attention and also make or create a link between the set induction and what us going to be learned. It can sharpen the positive effects on the students’ attention to follow the rest of the classroom learning activity.

2. The Definition of Set Induction

There are some other definitions about set induction that the researcher found which also provide relevant aspect. Set induction in an introduction to an educational lesson through a variety of techniques. It is aimed to change mental gear, to promote interest in the lesson, and inform the students of the expectation, a review of previously covered material or an activity. Oman, 2002, cited in http:www.uwstout.edu accessed on June 7, 2010 This statement means that set induction is an introduction in an educational lesson that delivered in various ways of techniques in order to gain the students’ interest and give the students brief description about the goal or objectives that become the indicator expectation from the learning activity. The activities in set induction are usually demonstration and reviewing to the previous material Set induction, which is induced by the teachers, is establishing a frame of reference in an educational environment for the sole purpose of attaining PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 10 and or engagement and reaching desired behavioral objectives from that learning experience. It is also often referred to as interest approach or anticipatory set. Johnston, 2008 cited in http:repository.tamu.org , accessed on June 7, 2010 In this statement, set induction is to build students’ framework, which contain of reference in the real educational environment students’ real live or environment in order to reach the learning objectives through the students’ behaviors experiences. In this statement, the researcher found a new term instead of set induction, it is called anticipatory set as an interest approach in set induction. Set induction is inducing a learning set, the initial instructional act of the teacher’s aim to establish a frame of reference and facilitate the creation of a communicative link between the experience field of the pupils students and the desired behavioral goals of the learning experience the lesson. Aubertine, 1968 cited in The Journal of Education, April 1968 This statement mean that set induction is like a kind of a bridge to link the students’ field experiences to the objectives of the learning activity towards the students’ behavior in the learning process. From the three statements above, it can be concluded that set induction us an introduction lesson in every educational lesson, which are delivered in various techniques. The common activities in set induction are demonstration and reviewing to the previous material. In set induction it is also needed to build students’ framework of reference that contain students’ real live experiences. It is done in order to reach the objectives of the learning activity towards the students’ learning experiences. Set induction also takes a role like a bridge that links students’ real field experiences with behavioral objectives from the students in the PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 11 learning activities. From those three statements, the researcher found a new term, anticipatory set, which refers to set induction interest approach.

3. Anticipatory Set