The results can be used for the further researchers which focus on improving vocabulary mastery, such as using different teaching materials other than
Standard Marine Communication Phrases.
1.5. Scope of the Study
This research is aimed at finding out whether the use of Back Chaining Drills technique in teaching vocabulary can improve cadets’ mastery of IMO
Standard Marine Communication Phrases. Drill is one of the famous methods in teaching English, basically drilling is
a form of repetitive practice a various things, from grammar structures to connected speech. There are some ways in doing drills, one of them is known as ‘back chaining
drills’. Here in the research, the researcher tried to see this back chaining drills to be implemented in the classroom and whether it can improve students’ mastery of
IMO Standard Marine Communication Phrases. The type of drilling in this study is Back Chaining Drills where
the teacher pronounces the last syllable, the student repeats, and then the teacher continues,
working backwards from the end of the word to the beginning. Back-chaining
makes natural stress easier for the students. It is easier than the front-chaining, which starts from the first syllable, because back-chaining requires that the student
put the new element first where it is more difficult to forget. Classroom action research is used as the way to observe the improvement
of cadets ’ mastery of IMO Standard Marine Communication Phrases. Here, the
researcher is the teacher of the students that give the treatment.
The scope of the study was the English teacher and the third semester cadets at Politeknik Ilmu Pelayaran Semarang.
The third semester cadets deck department to be the observed class since in this semester cadets is started to use the IMO
phrases in their practice on the sea. The study is concerned with the teaching
method especially in teaching vocabulary. This research was intended to give an important contribution to a better technique of teaching vocabulary to improve
cadets ’ mastery of IMO Standard Marine Communication Phrases.
1.6. Definition of Key Terms
Several keys were used in this study. They are vocabulary, teaching vocabulary, Standard Marine Communication Phrases SMCP, Back Chaining
Drills, and action research. The definitions of the key term are described below : a Vocabulary
Cross 1992 : 5 states that a major aim of most teaching program is to help the students to gain large vocabulary of useful words. According Carthy the
vocabulary of language like English consists of several hundred thousand words 1990 : 121.
The research was used to improve cadets’ vocabulary mastery in IMO
Standard Marine Communication Phrases .
Cadets were trained in the process of receiving the IMO phrases that they have to use in their practice at
sea. b IMO Standard Marine Communication Phrases SMCP
IMO Standard Marine Communication Phrases SMCP is phrases in all types of messages the standardised maritime language used to reduce the risk of
accidents Kluijven:25
