Background of the 2013 Curriculum

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3. The 2013 Curriculum

SMP Pangudi Luhur Yogyakarta used the 2013 Curriculum which is the newest Curriculum in Indonesia. The 2013 Curriculum according to landasan yuridis kurikulum 2013 Kementrian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan is a design of education which gives enough space for the students to develop themselves based on their competences and potency. The 2013 Curriculum focuses on the character building of the students besides the construction of the students’ competences through several subjects in every level of education. The expectation of the 2013 C urriculum is to develop not only the students’ competences but also the development of the students’ personality.

a. Background of the 2013 Curriculum

Richards 2001 states that curriculum is the process of a learning cycle that is started from determining the needs of the learner and then deciding the objectives then conducting the process of learning and finally it is evaluated to see whether the objective is achieved already. Furthermore, curriculum becomes the source as well as the destination for education. The process of teaching learning as an education field will be developed based on the curriculum and the result of the learning process will be evaluated based on the curriculum which is designed to develop the education. The curriculum being discussed is the one that has been implemented in Indonesia since 1994. Since 1994, there were three curriculums. They were 1994 Curriculum, Competence-Based Curriculum KBK 2004, School-Based Curriculum 2006. Now, the latest one is the 2013 Curriculum. Each curriculum 17 has different paradigm and also different objectives regarding both the students and the teachers. The development of each curriculum based on the evaluation and need analysis of the latest curriculum implemented. According to Permendikbud No. 70 2013 in this new curriculum there are factors that become the background why this Curriculum should be developed. The factors are internal challenges, external challenges, development of the perspectives, development of the Curriculum management, and the development of the materials. The development is also related with the existence of World Trade Organization WTO, Association of Southeast Asian Nations ASEAN, Asia- Pacific Economic Cooperation APEC, and ASEAN Free Trade Area AFTA. Those four associations influence the development of the economy in Indonesia. Based on the importance of those associations in Indonesia, the Curriculum in Indonesia could not be separated from the economical perspective.

b. The 2013 Curriculum Characteristic