A group of mercenaries

30 that?” While the word ‘Eggsy’ is first mentioned by Eggsy in minutes 00:03:53: ”Eggsy.” The last is the word ‘Eggsy’s Mom’ is first mentioned by Harry Hart in minutes 00:04:13: “And take care of your mom too.” It shows that the word ‘Dean, Eggsy, and Eggsy’s mom’ is spoken earlier than when Dean said, “And while you’re gone, we’ll show your mother if we can be a good family.” in minutes 00:12:34. No Minutes Speaker Utterance Referent 202 00:12:34 Dean “And while you’re gone, we’ll show your mother if we can be a good family.” Dean, Eggsy, and Eggsy’s Mom xviii. Eggsy’s father As an anaphoric reference, ‘Eggsy’s father’ is mentioned before the pronouns. In this movie, the word ‘Eggsy’s father’ is first mentioned by Harry Hart to Eggsy in minutes 00:18:23: “Your father saved my life.” It shows that the word ‘Eggsy’s father’ is spoken earlier than when Harry Hart said, “And if it weren’t for his courage, my mistake would have cost the lives of every man present.” in minutes 00:18:47. No Minutes Speaker Utterance Referent 320 00:18:47 Harry Hart “And if it weren’t for his courage, my mistake would have cost the lives of every man present.” Eggsy’s father 324 00:18:52 Harry Hart “So, I owe him.” Eggsy’s father 328 00:19:00 Harry Hart “And having read your files, I’d think he’d be bitterly disappointed in the choices you’ve made.” Eggsy’s father xix. Eggsy’s huge IQ and great performance As an anaphoric reference, ‘Eggsy’s Huge IQ and great performance’ is mentioned before the pronouns. In this movie, the word ‘Eggsy’s Huge IQ and 31 great performance’ is first mentioned by Harry Hart in minutes 00:19:17: “Huge IQ, great performance in primary school.” It shows that the word ‘Eggsy’s hhuge IQ and great performance’ is spoken earlier than when Harry Hart said, “And it all went tits up.” in minutes 00:19:09. No Minutes Speaker Utterance Referent 334 00:19:09 Harry Hart “And it all went tits up.” Eggsy’s huge IQ and great performance in primary school xx. Eggsy and Harry Hart As an anaphoric reference, ‘Eggsy and Harry Hart’ is mentioned before the pronouns. In this movie, the word Eggsy and Harry Hart’ is first mentioned by ‘Eggsy’ is first mentioned by Eggsy in minutes 00:03:53: ”Eggsy.” While the word ‘Harry Hart’ is first mentioned by Harry Hart in minutes 00:18:18: “My name is Harry Hart.” It shows that the word ‘Eggsy and Harry Hart’ is spoken earlier than when Eggsy said, “Nonsense, we haven’t finished our drinks” in minutes 00:20:06. No Minutes Speaker Utterance Referent 374 00:20:06 Eggsy “Nonsense, we haven’t finished our drinks.” Eggsy and Harry Hart 375 00:20:06 Eggsy “Nonsense, we haven’t finished our drinks Eggsy and Harry Hart 394 00:20:23 Harry Hart “I would appreciate it enormously if you could just leave us in peace.” Eggsy and Harry Hart xxi. Dean’s Poodle As an anaphoric reference, ‘Dean’s Poodle’ is mentioned before the pronouns. In this movie, the word ‘Dean’s Poodle’ is first mentioned by Eggsy in minutes 00:12:24: “Why don’t Dean’s poodle go?” It shows that the word 32 ‘Dean’s poodle’ is spoken earlier than when Poodle said, “After you nicked his car, Dean says you’re a fair guy I don’t give a shit what your mum says.” in minutes 00:20:10. No Minutes Speaker Utterance Referent 381 00:20:10 Poodle “After you nicked his car, Dean says you’re a fair guy I don’t give a shit what your mum says.” Dean’s Poodle xxii. Another rent boy As an anaphoric reference, ‘Another rent boy’ is mentioned before the pronouns. In this movie, the word ‘Another rent boy’ is first mentioned by Dean’s Poodle in minutes 00:20:45: “If you’re looking for another rent boy, they’re on the corner of Smith’s Street.” It shows that the word ‘another rent boy’ is spoken earlier than when Poodle said, “If you’re looking for another rent boy, they’re on the corner of Smith’s Street.” in minutes 00:20:46. No Minutes Speaker Utterance Referent 404 00:20:46 Poodle “If you’re looking for another rent boy , they’re on the corner of Smith’s Street.” Another rent boy xxiii. One thing Eggsy can do As an anaphoric reference, ‘One thing Eggsy can do’ is mentioned before the pronouns. In this movie, the word ‘One thing I can do’ is first mentioned by Eggsy in minutes 00:23:15: “If there is one thing I can do, it’s keep my mouth shut.” It shows that the word ‘one thing Eggsy can do’ is spoken earlier than when Eggsy said, “If there is one thing I can do, it’s keep my mouth shut.” in minutes 00:23:15. 33 No Minutes Speaker Utterance Referent 422 00:23:15 Eggsy “If there is one thing I can do, it’s keep my mouth shut.” One thing Eggsy can do xxiv. Valentine As an anaphoric reference, ‘Valentine’ is mentioned before the pronouns. In this movie, the word ‘Valentine’ is first mentioned by the news reporter in minutes 00:23:32: “In celebrity news, The Richmond Valentine movie premiered in Hollywood, last night.” It shows that the word ‘Valentine’ is spoken earlier than when the news reporter said, “The story internet billionaire’s rise to power is expected to be this award season’s hot ticket.” in minutes 00:23:35. No Minutes Speaker Utterance Referent 434 00:23:35 The news reporter “The story of internet billionaire’s rise to power is expected to be this award season’s hot ticket.” Valentine xxv. Dean’s capability to kill Eggsy As an anaphoric reference, ‘Dean’s capability to kill Eggsy’ is mentioned before the pronouns. In this movie, the word ‘Dean’s capability to kill Eggsy’ is first mentioned by Dean in minutes 00:24:51: “I could kill you right now and I would in the old world, you know it.” It shows that the word ‘Dean’s capability to kill Eggsy’ is spoken earlier than when Dean said, “I could kill you righy now and I would in the old world, you know it.” in minutes 00:24:51. No Minutes Speaker Utterance Referent 458 00:24:51 Dean “I could kill you right now and I would in the old world, you know it .” Dean’s capability to kill Eggsy 34 xxvi. Criminal evidence of Dean As an anaphoric reference, ‘Criminal Evidence of Dean’ is mentioned before the pronouns. In this movie, the word ‘Evidence’ is first mentioned by Harry Hart in minutes 00:24:54: “I have enough evidence on your activities to have you locked up for the rest of your life.” It shows that the word ‘criminal evidence of Dean’ is spoken earlier than when Lancelot said, “Or I shall be forced to deliver it to the appropriate authorities.” in minutes 00:25:02. No Minutes Speaker Utterance Referent 470 00:25:02 Lancelot “Or I shall be forced to deliver it to the appropriate authorities.” Criminal evidence of Dean The previous twenty six referents showed the referents that come before the pronouns in an utterance.

b. Cataphora

There are nine cataphoric referents found in act 1:

i. Galahad

As a cataphoric reference, ‘Galahad’ is mentioned after the pronouns. In this movie, the word ‘Galahad’ is first mentioned by Arthur in minutes 00:09:11: “Galahad.” It shows that the word ‘Galahad’ is spoken later than when Harry Hart said, “I will count from one to ten.” in minutes 00:01:40. No Minutes Speaker Utterance Referent 7 00:01:40 Harry Hart “I will count from one to ten.” Galahad 9 00:01:49 Harry Hart “Within that you’ll tell me what I wanna know” Galahad 14 00:02:23 Harry Hart “How did I fucking miss it.” Galahad 24 00:02:48 James “Sir.” Galahad 31 00:03:07 Eggsy’s Mom “… if you won’t tell me anything?” Galahad 55 00:03:38 Eggsy’s Mom “I don’t want your help.” Galahad 35 ii. Eggsy’s father As a cataphoric reference, ‘Eggy’s father’ is mentioned after the pronouns. In this movie, the word ‘Eggsy’s father’ is first mentioned by Harry Hart to Eggsy in minutes 00:18:23: “Your father saved my life.” It shows that the word ‘your father’ is spoken later than when Harry Hart said, “You trained him well.” in minutes 00:02:34. No Minutes Speaker Utterance Referent 20 00:02:34 Harry Hart “You trained him well.” Eggsy’s Father 27 00:03:01 Harry Hart “I very much regret that your husband’s bravery can’t be publicly celebrated.” Eggsy’s Father 34 00:03:10 Mom “I didn’t even know he was away with his squad.” Eggsy’s father 35 00:03:11 Mom “I didn’t even know he was away with his squad.” Eggsy’s father iii. Eggsy’s Mom As a cataphoric reference, ‘Eggsy’s mom’ is mentioned after the pronouns. In this movie, the word ‘Eggsy’s Mom’ is first mentioned by Harry Hart in minutes 00:04:13: “And take care of your mom too.” It shows that the word ‘Eggsy’s mom’ is spoken later than when Harry Hart said, “I hope you understand.” in minutes 00:03:04. No Minutes Speaker Utterance Referent 29 00:03:04 Harry Hart “I hope you understand.” Eggsy’s mom 30 00:03:06 Eggsy’s Mom “How can I understand...” Eggsy’s mom 32 00:03:07 Eggsy’s Mom “… if you won’t tell me anything?” Eggsy’s mom 48 00:03:30 Harry Hart “The nature of it is your choice Eggsy’s Mom 53 00:03:36 Harry Hart “And then I’ll know it’s you.” Eggsy’s mom 57 00:03:41 Mom “I want my husband back.” Eggsy’s mom 36 iv. Eggsy As a cataphoric reference, ‘Eggsy’ is mentioned after the pronouns. In this movie, the word ‘Eggsy’ is first mentioned by Eggsy in minutes 00:03:53: “Eggsy.” It shows that the word ‘Eggsy’ is spoken later than when Harry Hart said, “What’s your name, young man?” in minutes 00:03:52. No Minutes Speaker Utterance Referent 58 00:03:52 Harry Hart “What’s your name, young man?” Eggsy 59 00:03:52 Harry Hart “What’s your name, young man ?” Eggsy 181 00:12:16 Dean “Why don’t you do your mamma a favor?” Eggsy

v. The instruction not to hurt Professor Arnold

As a cataphoric reference, ‘the instruction not to hurt Professor Arnold’ is mentioned after the pronouns. In this movie, the word ‘the instruction not to hurt Professor Arnold’ is first mentioned by the kidnapper in minutes 00:05:02: “I am under very strict instructions not to hurt you.” It shows that the word ‘the instruction not to hurt Professor Arnold’ is spoken later than when the kidnapper said, “I am under very strict instruction not to hurt you.” in minutes 00:05:02. No Minutes Speaker Utterance Referent 70 00:05:02 Kidnapper “I am under very strict instructions not to hurt you” The instructions not to hurt Prof. Arnold vi. Valentine As a cataphoric reference, ‘Valentine’ is mentioned after the pronouns. In this movie, the word ‘Valentine’ is first mentioned by the news reporter in minutes 00:23:32: “In celebrity news, The Richmond Valentine movie premiered 37 in Hollywood, last night.” It shows that the word ‘Valentine’ is spoken later than when the kidnapper said, “He’ll be here soon.” in minutes 00:05:17. No Minutes Speaker Utterance Referent 82 00:05:17 Kidnapper “He’ll be here soon.” Valentine 96 00:07:51 Valentine “My kind welcome.” Valentine 97 00:08:02 Valentine “I mean, literally.” Valentine 99 00:08:02 Valentine “I see one drop of blood, that is me … done.” Valentine vii. Valentine and Professor Arnold As a cataphoric reference, ‘Valentine’ is mentioned after the pronouns. In this movie, the word ‘Valentine’ is first mentioned by the news reporter in minutes 00:23:32: “In celebrity news, The Richmond Valentine movie premiered in Hollywood, last night.” While, ‘Professor Arnold’ is mentioned by Harry Hart in minutes 00:04:56: “I’m so sorry, Professor Arnold.” It shows that the word ‘Valentine and Professor Arnold’ is spoken later than when Valentine said, “Listen, I’m so sorry you had to witness all of this unpleasantness due to our uninvited guess.” in minutes 00:08:15. No Minutes Speaker Utterance Referent 103 00:08:15 Valentine “Listen, I’m so sorry you had to witness all of this unpleasantness due to our uninvited guest.” Valentine and Professor Arnold viii. Arthur As a cataphoric reference, ‘Arthur’ is mentioned after the pronouns. In this movie, the word ‘Arthur’ is first mentioned by Harry Hart in minutes 00:09:10: “Arthur.” No Minutes Speaker Utterance Referent 111 00:08:59 Galahad’s assistant “Arthur is in the dining room, Sir” Arthur 38 ix. Harry Hart As a cataphoric reference, ‘Harry Hart’ is mentioned after the pronouns. In this movie, the word ‘Harry Hart’ is first mentioned by Harry Hart in minutes 00:18:18: “My name is Harry Hart.” It shows that the word ‘Harry Hart’ is spoken later than when Eggsy said, “Who are you?” in minutes 00:18:11. No Minutes Speaker Utterance Referent 299 00:18:11 Eggsy “Who are you ?” Harry Hart 300 00:18:13 Harry Hart “The man who got you released .” Harry Hart 301 00:18:18 Harry Hart “My name is Harry Hart.” Harry Hart The previous referents that are mentioned above are the referents that come after the pronouns in an utterance. 2. Exophora There are sixteen exophoric referents found in act 1:

i. An aircraft code name

‘Zero One Alpha’ is known as the name of the plane because every aircraft, including military aircraft must have an aircraft registration faa.gov, 2016. No Minutes Speaker Utterance Referent 1 00:01:40 Pilot “This is Zero One Alpha .” Pilot and co- pilot ii. Pilot and Co-pilot Visually, the one who spoke is someone who operates the aircraft a pilot. Thus, the person who accompanied the pilot is a co-pilot. No Minutes Speaker Utterance Referent 2 00:01:41 Pilot “We have secured the Falcon.” Pilot and co- pilot