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Then, the writer limited the data into one act only act 1 only. Then, the writer found the person deixis and the referent, which occurred in the dialogue,
found in the movie based on the theory of person deixis and reference. The collected data were classified into three major categories of reference: 1
Anaphora, 2 Cataphora, and 3 Exophora.
3. Data Analysis
After gathering the data needed in this study, the writer did an analysis on the data. There are two major steps in analyzing the data: data observation and
data analysis. First, the writer observed the collected data of the movie by watching the
movie then validating the script of the movie. Second, the writer collected and analyzed the entire person deixis expression used in the introduction part act 1 of
the movie by classifying the type of reference by giving a tick √ to the destined
table. Then the writer tried to find the referents of the person deixis. The writer sorted the data chronologically in order to make the table easier to understand.
After finding the referents of the person deixis, the writer concerned about the inference that the audience will probably need when watching the movie. The
following table is the table used to collect and classify the data:
No. Minutes Speaker Utterance
Reference Referent
Endo Exo
Ana Cata
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The ‘number’ column in the previous table is used to give an order to the collected data so that the data will be displayed chronologically. It means that the
numbers in the column are set by the time the utterance spoken, so the earlier the utterance is spoken, the earlier the number. Different from it, the ‘number’ column
in the table of the data analysis in chapter IV will show us the number of the data that is originally taken from the data collection in appendix. Thus, the
number in chapter IV may not be in order, only taken data that is used in the chapter that will show up in the data analysis table. The ‘minutes’ column refers
to the time when the utterance is stated. The ‘speaker’ column contains the one who speaks the utterance. The ‘utterance’ column filled with the sentence that the
speaker stated at that time. In this column, the person deixis will be in bold letters. Then, the ‘reference’ column is filled with a tick
√ depending on the reference of the person deixis shown in the utterance, whether the deixis is an Endo
Endophora which include an Ana Anaphora, a Cata Cataphora; or as an Exo Exophora. The last is column of ‘referent’, the column represents whom the
reference is being referred to. The example of the classification of the data will be shown as follows.
No. Minutes Speaker Utterance
Reference
Referent
Endophora Exo
Ana
Cata
1 00:02:22 Harry
Hart “Fucking missed it.”
√ The
grenades 2 00:02:23
Harry Hart
“How did I fucking missed it.”
√ Harry
Hart 3 00:02:31
Harry Hart
“Merlin, I apologise for putting you in
this position.” √ Merlin
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Then, the following table is the example of the table used in analyzing anaphoric reference of the utterance in Chapter IV with ‘The Grenade’ as the
referent:
No Minutes Speaker Utterance
Referent
13 00:02:22 Galahad “Fucking missed
it .” The
grenade 318 00:18:44 Harry
Hart “The day your father died, I missed
something
.” The grenade
The last step of this study is finding the inferences needed by the audience to find the referents. In finding the inference, the writer picked some items that are
found from the utterances in the collected data. The chosen items are found from the table ‘referent’. The writer then looked up the dictionary to find the definition
of the terms that will be used as the data of the inferences. The definition helped the writer to show the scope of the terms. The definition also helped the writer to
decide what item is included as what terms. For example, ‘a group of mercenaries’ is one of the items that are included as ‘military terms’ because the term includes
something relates to soldier or armed forces such as the army, navy, marines, and air force.
