B. Theoretical Framework
Those theories reviewed above are used to help the researcher conducting this research, which focuses on analyzing the translated sentences related to cultural
issues. The theory of good translator and good translation in general later will help in making the conclusion of data analyzed. The theory about translation process
procedure, culture, style, meaning-based translation, and translation assessment are used to conduct deeper research on the selected data.
A good translator should have perfect knowledge on languages involved in work as well as the matter or culture involved. The knowledge of language
encompass: the grammatical rules, the meaning complications including idiomatic expressions, the diction, the register, the styles, and the translation rules and process
that requires extra attentions to the details Robinson, 1997; Nida, as cited in Suhendra, 1994; Polet, as cited in Munday, 2001. To work on literary work
containing cultural contents, an aware translator should also understand the underlying principles of literature and its appreciation. Further research on culture
embedded may also be conducted to help adjusting the translation product to meet the readers’ needs without distorting the original content Robinson, 1997; Suryawinata
as in Haryanti, 2006. After all, to Robinson 1997, a kindness to consider and apply useful criticism and suggestion obtained from the proofreaders will really help
maintaining the quality of the translation para. 14. A good translator will eventually produce a good translation product. A
good translation product fulfills the requirements as it should: “accurate, natural and
communicative”. It means a translation work not only produce the same meaning as its original work, it should also use of natural form appropriate to the kind of text
translated that is easy to understand by the readers para. “The Role of Translation Theory,” n. d. . In his “Meaning–Based Translation” concept, Larson 1987
described it as to change the form of source text wherever necessary, as long as its meaning is not distorted para. 11.
In accordance with Duff’s proposal on some principles of translation to consider, a translation process will undergo some steps: “analysis”; “transfer”;
“restructuring”; “evaluation and revision” Duff, 1992; Nida and Taber, as in Suryawinata and Hariyanto, 2003. Research on Paulo Coelho’s The Alchemist
specifically looks on “restructuring” step, in which covers translation methods classified by Machali 2000. Researcher will work on this level to reveal the
methods procedures applied to the 60 assorted sentences under six common cultural categories as suggested by Roshan Institute, accompanied by Friedman’s theory on
styles on translation “Definition of Culture”, n. d
.;
Friedman, as cited in Goumovskaya, 2007. From the data analysis, later researcher could summarize the
quality of the translation, whether it is source language oriented or target language oriented. The orientation could be specified to show its type text of reliability
Newmark, as cited in Machali, 2000; Robinson, as cited in Munday, 2001. Finally, from the intertwined analyses, researcher will be able to conclude the strengths and
weaknesses of the translation and its translators.
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CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY
This chapter consists of six parts, namely: research method, research setting, research participants subjects, instruments and data gathering technique,
data analysis technique, and research procedure.
A. Research Method
To look into translation methods and procedures applied on the translated Paulo Coelho’s The Alchemist, the researcher conducted a qualitative
research. The type of research chosen was content analysis. It could also be considered as a specific form of typological analysis. Weber defined this type as
“look at documents, text, or speech to see what themes emerge.” It then tends to be theory driven with specified rules for data analysis as cited in Ratcliff, n. d..
The text examined was in a form of novel. It then used a case study with sentences as the strategy. This strategy used to reveal the patterns schemes in
data and any possible relationship among them.
B. Research Setting
The researcher conducted the content analysis research during February to October 2011.
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