57
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN
A. Kesimpulan
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan tingkat employability yang signifikan antara siswa SMK di kota dan desa dengan
nilai signifikansi 0,410 p 0,05. Nilai mean empirik siswa SMK di kota sebesar 73,87 dan siswa SMK di desa sebesar 73,63. Nilai mean empirik
tersebut lebih besar dari nilai mean teoritis yaitu 65. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa siswa SMK di kota dan desa memiliki tingkat
employability yang tinggi. Dari hasil uji beda mean t-test antara mean empirik dan mean teoritis juga menunjukkan bahwa nilai mean keduanya
berbeda secara signifikan p = 0,000 0,05. Jika dilihat dari hasil analisis tambahan, siswa SMK negeri dan swasta memiliki perbedaan tingkat
employability yang signifikan p = 0,005 0,05. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa siswa SMK negeri µ: 74,91 memiliki tingkat employability yang
lebih tinggi dari siswa SMK swasta µ: 72,33.
B. Saran
Berdasarkan kesimpulan yang didapatkan, peneliti memberikan saran yang dapat berguna bagi subjek penelitian dan bagi peneliti
selanjutnya. Saran yang diberikan peneliti antara lain: PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
1. Bagi Siswa SMK
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, tingkat employability siswa SMK di kota dan desa tidak memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan. Hal tersebut
terlihat dari hasil tingkat employability siswa SMK di kota dan desa yang cenderung tinggi. Para siswa disarankan untuk mempertahankan
tingkat employability mereka agar dapat terus bersaing di dunia kerja dengan orang-orang dari berbagai latar belakang.
2. Bagi Peneliti Selanjutnya
Berikut ini beberapa saran bagi peneliti selanjutnya: a.
Peneliti menemukan bahwa ada perbedaan tingkat employability yang signifiikan antara siswa SMK negeri dan swasta. Nilai
signifikansi yang diperoleh melalui uji Non-parametric Mann Whitney U Test menunjukkan bahwa nilai p sebesar 0,005 p
0,05. Penelitian selanjutnya dapat meneliti lebih jauh mengenai tingkat employability bagi instansi negeri dan swasta.
b. Penelitian selanjutnya dapat meneliti mengenai faktor-faktor yang
mempengaruhi tingkat employability yang relevan dengan situasi saat ini.
59
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Acahrya, P. B., Deshmukh, M. R. 2012. Self-esteem and academic achievement of secondary school students. International Referred
Research Journal, 3 29. Almeida, A. J. 2007. Employability, work contexts and labour market in
Portugal. Educational Sciences Journal 2, 51-58. Andrews, J., Higson, H. 2008. Graduate Employability, ‘Soft Skills’ Versus
‘Hard’ Business Knowledge: A European Study. Higher Education in Europe, 33 4, 411-422.
Ariyanti, Fiki. 2015, Mei 5. 7,45 Juta penduduk ri menganggur, terbanyak lulusan SMK. Liputan 6. Dari http:liputan6.com
Ariyanti, Fiki. 2016, Mei 4. Penganggur Lulusan SMK dan Universitas Naik, Ini Penyebabnya. Liputan 6.
Azwar, S. 2009. Penyusunan Skala Psikologi. Yogykarta: Pustaka Pelajar. Dari http:liputan6.com
Badan Pusat Statistik. diakses pada 16 September 2016. Tenaga Kerja: KonsepPenjelasan Teknis. Badan Pusat Statistik. Dari
Bajema, D. H., Miller, W. W., Williams, D. L. 2002. Apirations of rural youth. Journal of Agricultural Education, 43 3, 61-71.
http:bps.go.id
Chan, D. 2000. Understanding adaptation to changes in the work environment: integrating individual difference and learning perspectives. Research in
personnel and human resources management, 18, 1-42. Chen, J. C., Silverthorne, C. 2008. The impact of locus of control on job
stress, job performance and job satisfaction in Taiwan. Leadership OrganizationDevelopment Journal, 29 7, 572-582.
Cheng, J. 2004. The influential model of teachers’ organizational citizenship behaviors in elementary and junior high schools. Journal of Taiwan
Normal University, 49 1. Coetzee, M. 2012. A framework for developing student graduateness and
employability in the economic and management sciences at the University of South Africa. Randburg: Knowres Publishing.
Damayanti, Dian Ayu. 2014, Agustus 22. OPINI: SMK “Sekolah Mental Kerja”. Joglosemar. Dari http:joglosemar.co
Damarjati, Taufiq. 2016, September 2. Konsep Pembelajaran di Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan. Direktorat Pembinaan SMK Kementrian
Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan. Dari De Grip, A., Van Loo, J. B., Sanders, J. 2004. The industry employability
index: taking account of supply and demand characteristic. Research Center for Education and the Labour Market ROA, 143 3, 212-233.
http:kemdikbud.go.id
Deephouse, D. L., Carter, S. M. 2005. An Examination of Differences Between Organizational Legitimacy and Organizational Reputation.
Journal of Management Studies, 42 2, 329-360. Dent, V. F. 2006. Observations of school library impact at two rural Ugandan
schools. New Library World, 107 12281229, 403-421. Deraney, P. M., Abdelsalam, H. M. 2012. Private VS public school education
as a predictor for success for female students at a private university in Saudi Arabia. Journal of Arts, Science, Commerce, 3 1.
DIY, B. T. 2016. Statistik Penduduk D.I. Yogyakarta. Dari
kependudukan.jogjaprov.go.id Fan, X., Chen, M. J. 1999. Academic achievement of rural school students: A
multi-year comparison with their peers in suburban and urban schools. Journal of Research in Rural Education, 15 1, 31-46.
Faisol, Ahmad. 2014, Mei 4. Protes Kesenjangan Fasilitas Pendidikan Desa dan Kota. Tribunnews. Dari
Figlio, D.N., Stone, J.A. 2012. Introduction to are private schools really better. Research in Labor Economics, 35, 215-244.
http:tribunnews.com
Finch, D. J., Hamilton, L. K., Baldwin, R., Zehner, M. 2013. An exploratory study of factors affecting undergraduate employability. Education +
Training, 5 7, 681-704. Fort, I., Jacquet, F., Leroy, N. 2011. Self-efficacy, goals, and job search
behaviours. Career Development International, 16 5, 469-481. Fugate, M., Kinicki, A. J., Ashforth, B. E. 2004. Employability: A psycho-
social construct, its dimensions, and applications. Journal of Vocational Behaviour , 65, 14-38.
Garg, P., Rastogi, R. 2006. Climate profile and OCBs teacher in public and private schools of India. International Journal of Educational
Management, 20 7, 529-541 Glover, D., Law, S., Youngman, A. 2002. Graduateness and employability:
Student perceptions of the personal outcome of university education. Post-Compulsory Education, 7 3, 293-306.
Goodman, S., Tredway, G. 2016. Antecedents of perceived graduate employability: A study of student volunteers in a community-based
organisation. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 42 1. Green, K. W., Medlin, B., Whitten, D. 2004. Developing optimism to
improve performance: an approach for the manufacturing sector. Industrial Management Data System, 104 2, 106-114.
Gulo, W. 2010. Metodologi Penelitian. Jakarta: Gramedia. Gustavsson, M. 2012. Learning and propensity for changing the job situation
during downsizing. Journal of Workplace Learning, 24 78, 497-508. Harrison, J., Rouse, P. 2014. Competiton and public high school performance.
Socio-Economics Planning Sciences, 48, 10-19. Higgins, M. C., Kram, K. E. 2001. Reconceptualizing mentoring at work: a
developmental network perspective. Academy of Management Review, 26 2, 264-288.
Hillage, J., Pollard, E. 1998. Employability: developing a framework for policy analysis. Research brief 85.
Hinchliffe, G. W., Jolly, A. 2011. Graduate identity and employability. British Educational Research Journal, 37 4, 563-584.
Hogan, R., Chamorro-Premuzic, T., Kaiser, R. B. 2013. Employability and career success: bridging the gap between theory and reality. Industrial
and Organizational Psychology, 6, 3-16. Insa, L. I., Gonzalez, J. J., Inesta, A. I. 2016. Discussing employability:
current perspectives and key elements from a bioecological model. Employee Relations2, 38 6, 961-974.
Iskandar, Z. 2013. Psikologi lingkungan: metode dan aplikasi. Bandung: Refika Aditama.
Iyer, V. M., Dave, K. 2015. Industry’s role in employability. Industrial and Commercial Training, 47 3, 151-158.
Jenni. 2016, April 23. Iptek pedesaan. Berdesa. Dari http:berdesa.com Jobstreet.com. diakses pada 27 Februari 2017. Tenaga kerja berkualitas kini sulit
ditemui. Jobstreet. Dari .
Juhdi, N., PaWan, F., Othman, N. A., Moksin, H. 2010. Factors Influencing Internal And External Employability Of Employees. Business and
Economics Journal. http:jobstreet.co.id
Kemendesa. 2007, 14 November. 20.000 Sekolah peroleh akses teknologi informasi dan komunikasi. 2007, November 14. Kementerian Desa,
Pembangunan Daerah Tertinggal, dan Transmigrasi Republik Indonesia. Dari http:kemendesa.go.id
Kennedy, E. H., Beckley, T. M., McFarlane, B. L., Nadeau, S. 2009. Rural- Urban Differences in Environmental Concern in Canada. Rural
Sociology, 74 3, 309-329. Kerlinger, F. N. 2006. Foundation of behavioral research 3nd Edition ed..
Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press. Koller, M. R. T. 2016. Exploring adaptability in organizations. Journal of
Organizational Change Management, 29 6, 837-854. Lindsay, C., McCracken, M., McQuaid, R. W. 2003. Unemployment duration
and employability in remote rural labour markets. Journal of Rural Studies, 19, 187-200.
Ludden, A. B. 2012. Social goals, social status, and problem behavior among low-achieving and high-achieving adolescents from rural schools.
Journal of Research in Rural Education, 27 7. Lysova, E. I., Richardson, J., Khapova, S. N., Jansen, P. G. W. 2015. Change-
supportive employee behaviour : a career identity explanation. Career Development International, 20 1, 38-62.
Machi, T., Carrion, A., Yepes, V., Pellicer, E. 2013. Employability of graduate students in construction management. Journal of Profesional
Issues in Engineering Education Practice, 139 2, 163-170. Mansour, B. E., Dean, J. C. 2016. Employability Skills as Perceived by
Employers and University Faculty in the Fields of Human Resource Development HRD for Entry Level Graduate Jobs. Journal of Human
Resource and Sustainability Studies, 4, 39-49.
Mason, G., Williams, G., Cranmer, S. 2009. Employability skills initiatives in higher education: What effects do they have on graduate labour market
outcomes? Education Economics, 17 1, 1-30. McArdle, S., Waters, L., Briscoe, J. P. 2007. Employability during
unemployment: adaptability, career identity and human and social capital. Journal of Vocational Behaviour 71, 247-264.
McCracken, D. J., Barcinas, J. D. 1991. Differences Between Rural and Urban Schools, Student Characteristics, and Student Aspirations in Ohio.
Journal of Research in Rural Education, 7 2, 29-40. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
Kategori