79 dummy subject as it is an imperative. Yet, we can still find the agent, namely you, the
objective which belongs to intended objective and the manner refers to continuous action.
Fourth, within the context of competition, this phrasal verb means „to win a
competition or sports game very easily ‟. In a sentence The Chicago Bulls ran away
with the championship, it has two semantic properties. They are agent, i.e. The Chicago Bulls and objective, i.e. intended purpose and competition.
Fifth, it means to steal something. In a sentence They found that the treasurer had run away with the proceeds, it gives context about crime. There are two semantic
properties related, i.e. the agent the treasurer and objective intended purpose for his own profit.
4.2.2.6 Phrasal Verb RUN DOWN
When the verb run is used in phrasal verb run down, it gives five different meanings. The first meaning is
„to drive into a person or animal and kill or injure them
‟. It gives context about accident. In the sentence Their daughter was run down by a car just before their house, there are five semantic properties related. The first is
experiencer which refers to the car that hit the daughter. The second is the objective, which can be classified into intended or unintended objective. The driver of the car
might have hit the daughter accidentaly or he might have had certain plan before to hurt or kill the daughter. The third property is the manner. It refers to continuity, i.e.
one instant action and speed, i.e. fast. The last semantic property related is the tool, which refers to the car itself as the tool to hurt or injure the daughter.
80 The second meaning of the phrasal verb run down is
„to say things that are rude, unpleasant, or unfair about someone or something
‟. In the sentence Paula is so jealous of you that she keeps running you down, we can conclude that the context of
phrasal verb run down is about criticism or disparagement. There are three semantic properties related. First, the agent that refers to Paula who criticizes or says rude or
unpleasant words. Second, the objective which belongs to intended purpose. As Paula is jealous, she has purpose to say unpleasant or rude sayings to the other person.
Third, the manner which refers to continuous action. It is not only once that she says the unpleasant words, but perhaps she does it regularly and repeatedly.
The third meaning of the phrasal verb run down is „to have no power and stop
working ‟. Thus, it gives the context of power, as we can see in the sentence I came
late because I did not realize that my clock had run down. There are two semantic properties related. The first is the objective which refers to unintended objective. The
second is manner, as it happens one instant only. The clock suddenly stopped and it did not work anymore.
The fourth meaning of the phrasal verb run down is „to let a company,
organization etc gradually become smaller or stop working ‟. From the meaning, we
can draw conclusion that the context is about company or organization. Given example of a sentence The fashion company nearby my town is now running down
due to fewer demands, there are four semantic properties related. The first is experiencer, which refers to the fashion company. It has no intention to become
smaller or stop working. Thus, the second semantic property is objective, which refers to unintended purpose. The objective in semantic property also refers to profit. As the
81 company, the goal is to obtain benefits. The next semantic property is tool, which
refers to product or business in the context of company. The last semantic property is manner, which refers to continuity. The company does not become smaller or stop
working instantly. It goes through several stages or processes so that it becomes smaller and finally it cannot survive anymore.
The fifth meaning of the phrasal verb run down is „to find someone or
something after searching for a long time ‟. From this meaning, it can be concluded
that the context is about a rare occasion, i.e. an occasion that happens rarely and least expected. In a sentence I finally ran him down at his new office downtown, there are
three semantic properties related. The first is the agent, which refers to I as the first person or the speaker. The second is objective, which refers to unintended purpose.
One does have a plan to meet unexpectedly with someone else and it just happens instantly anywhere and anytime. Thus, in the third semantic property related, the
writer assigned the manner property which belongs to one instant occasion.
4.2.2.7 Phrasal Verb RUN IN
