86 in half an hour, there are three semantic properties related. The first refers to the
agent, i.e. the artist that performs a comedy monologue. The second is the objective which belongs to the artist‟s intention to create the comedy monologue in half an
hour. The last property is manner which refers to speed, i.e. the time spent by the artist to do preparation.
The fourth meaning of phrasal verb run off is „to get rid of weight by
exercising ‟. It gives context of one‟s weight. In a sentence I’m trying to run off some
of my excess fat it is clear that someone agent has intended purpose objective, i.e. to burn more calories in his body in order to lose some weight. The agent might do
this continuously or long term period rather than in short period of time manner.
4.2.2.10 Phrasal Verb RUN OFF WITH
When run is applied in phrasal verb run off with, there are two different meanings created. The first meaning is the same as phrasal verb run away with, i.e.
„to go away somewhere with someone, because you are having a sexual relationship that people do not approve of
‟. Given the sentence Liz shocked us all by running off with a married man, the context and semantic properties related are exactly the same
as phrasal verb run away with. The second meaning gives the context of stealing. It means
„to take something without permission
‟. Having example of a sentence I found that he had run off with all my savings, there are two semantic properties related. The first is the agent which
refers to the person who steals and the second is objective which belongs to intended purpose. The agent had already had a plan to commit a crime.
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4.2.2.11 Phrasal Verb RUN ON
When the verb run is used in phrasal verb run on, it creates only one meaning. It gives the context of activity. The meaning is
„to continue happening for longer than expected or planned
‟. Thus, the activity can be various, e.g. lecture, meeting, friendly gathering, party, and so on. In a sentence The professor ran on the lecture until 11
o’clock, an hour later than expected, there are three semantic properties related. The first is the agent which refers to the professor who gave the lecture. The second
property is objective which belongs to either intended or unintended purpose. It is possible that the professor lengthened the course because there are still materials to be
discussed. It might also be the professor enjoyed giving lecture so much that he did not realize if the time was running and he had spent one hour extra. The last semantic
property related is manner which refers to continuous manner, instead of one instant only.
4.2.2.12 Phrasal Verb RUN OUT
Phrasal verb run out has four different meanings. The first meaning is „to use
all of something and not have any of it left ‟. It clearly gives the context of stock or
supply. In the sentence The truck has run out of gas again, there are three semantic properties related. The first is the experiencer which refers to the inanimate one. The
second is objective which refers to unintended purpose. The third is tool which refers to the truck as means of transportation.
The second meaning is related to the context of document or official agreement. It gives the meaning „to reach the end of the period when it is officially
allowed to continue ‟. In a sample sentence My contract runs out in September, there
88 are three semantic properties related. The first is the agent which refers to the
contract, as inanimate agent. The second is objective which refers to intended purpose. We may also view objective as either profit or non-profit objective, which
refers to the contract itself. The last property related is tool which refers to political party, product or business. The contract may be about political contract, product
sponsorship contract or business contract. The third meaning of phrasal verb run out
is „to leave someone, when you should not‟. It gives the context of love affair. Given the example of a sentence He
ran out on his second wife two years ago, there are three semantic properties related. The first is the agent which refers to the husband that left the wife. The second is
objective, i.e. the husband already had a plan intended objective to leave his wife. The last semantic property related is manner, i.e. the husband just left the wife
instantly refers to one instant event instead of continuous one.
4.2.2.13 Phrasal Verb RUN OVER
