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The silent reading can be developed in other valuable purposes, such as: 1. Study Reading
Study reading is the type of reading that is very important mostly for the students. It is stated by Lyla L Miller in his book as follows : “study reading is a
type in which the reader must get a maximum understanding of a main ideas and their relationship. This is the type the student must apply to his contacts, legal
papers, technical manual instruction and similar materials which must read and understand now and also remember for future use.
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2. Idea Reading This type is intended to get key ideas which are essential to most reading.
The basic meanings of most articles should be considered into a few paragraph.
b.Oral Reading reading aloud
Reading is not only on the pronouncing or loudly reading but also it is the understanding taken into consideration. As said by Nuttal, “it is unlikely that you
were interested in the pronunciation of that you read expect in a tiny minority of cases, and it is even likely that you were inerested in the grammatical structures
used, you read because you wanted to get something from writing : facts, ideas, enjoyment, even feelings or family comunity from letter. What ever it was, you
wanted to get the massage that the writer loud expressed ”.
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4. The types of Reading Skill
There are four easily identifiable skills in reading : skimming, scanning, intensive reading and extensive reading.
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a. Skimming : glancing rapidly through a text to determine its general content or
gist,e.g.quickly glancing through an article to see if it interest him. Being able
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Lyle L. Miller, Increasing Reading Efficiently, New York : Holt, Rinehart Winston Inc., 1959 , p.9
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Christinc Nuttal, Teaching Reading Skill in a foreign Language, London : Heineman, 1982 , p.3
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Andrew Wright, Picture for Language Learning, Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 1989 , p.159
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to look over material rapidly for given purposes without reading every phrase is great asset for a reader to posses. Skimming permits people to gain a general
b. Scannning : reading to locate specific information, e.g locating a telephone
number in a directory. Being able to search through material rapidly, with given purpose in mind, in order to find a specific fact or an answer to a
particular question plays a large role in much of a youngster’s reading. Scanning enables people to locate specific information without rading all the
material around it.Scanning permits people to use a variety of sources with economy.
c. Intensive reading : reader is trying to absorb all the information given;e.g
reading dosage instruction for medicine. d.
Extensive reading : reader deals with a longer text as a whole, which requires the ability to understand the component parts and their contribution to the
overall meaning, e.g reading a newspaper article, short story or novel.
5 . The Principles of Teaching Reading
There are severals principles in teaching reading suggested by experts in order to achieve the goal or reading program. White 1981 makes some
suggestions about stages which may help us to put the skill into a classroom context and to see some of it possible relationship with other langguage
skills:
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a. Arouse the students’ interest and motivating by linking the topic of the
text to their own experience or exixting knowledge. Give some pre- readingfocusing questions to help them to do this.
b. Give them points to search for in the reading text, or ask the students to
suggest the points. c.
After reading, encourage discussion of answers. d.
Develop into writing by using the information gained for another purpose.
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Jo Mc Donough and Christoper saw, Materials and Methods in ELT..., page 113
