6
Reading is not only pronouncing the word loudly but also understanding taken into consideration. As Christinc Nuttal said “it is unlikely that you were
interested in pronounciation of what you read except in a tiny minority of cases, and it is even likely that you were intersted in the grammatical structures used.
You read because you wanted to get something from the writing : facts, ideas, enjoyment, even feelings or family community from letter : what ever it was,
you wanted to get message that the writer had expressed”.
9
Farrel stated that ”Reading is also considered as a process of constructing meaning through dynamic interaction among the existing knowledge, the
information suggested by the written language, and the context of the reading situation”.
10
Based on those definitions above, it can be concluded that reading is the ability to understand the meaning from written langguage and it requires any
other aspects such as word recognition and pronunciation.
2. The purpose of reading skill
When people read, they read for purpose. They may read to understand reading for full comprehension, and to get the general idea, or to find the part
that contains the information. A person may read for many purposes. If he is reading for pleasure, he
may read either quickly or slowly based on the way he likes or feels. But if he is reading for information such as news, science or some line which are parts of his
study or assignment it does slowly and carrefully. If a person wants to note an address, a phone number, a date or book paragraph in order to locate a special
piece of information, is called scanning. But if he neds all the passage in order to know about what it deals about his reading is called skimming.
11
As Harris and Smith stated that “ purpose for reading are similar for the beginner and the mature reader. The level of thought that is required to achieve
9
Christine Nuttal, Teaching Reading Skills in a Foreign Language, London : Heineman, 1982 , p. 3
Farrel, Planning Lesson for A Reading class, RELC Potrfolio Series 6, Singapore: Regional Language Center,2002.p.1
11
Christinc Nuttal, Teaching Reading in a Foreign Language, Oxford : Heineman Educational Book ltd, 1989, p. 36
7
the same reading purpose varies with the difficulty of selection and the skill of the reader different authorities suggest a variety of purpose of reading. We
believe that most of these can be organized into five categories: 1. Finding the main idea, 2. Finding supporting detail, 3.
Grasping the author’s plan of organization, 4. Following a sequence of even or thought, 5. Critically
appraising the author’s work.
12
Meanwhile, Alton L Raygon, he said that :”...The purpose of this reading is to catch all information about what the author tries to say in a printed materials
to comprehension, ascension, also inte rpretation”.
13
According to Henry Guntur Tarigan in his book, “The main purpose of
reading is find and get information in content, understand in the text and get information by skimming,
scanning, and comprehension”.
14
From the definition above, it shows that the purpose of the reading is not only to understand the reading passage, but also to find out the ideas written by
the author. There are some reading ability to development of various reading skills
such as : kinds of reading and types of reading skill.
3. Kinds of Reading
The kinds of reading can be divided into two kinds. There are silent reading and oral reading reading aloud.
a. Silent reading
Reading is an active process, not a passive process. Silent reading suggest the student to be active. In this technique the students do not care recognize the
symbol, pronounciation, intonation and rhythm, because the main purpose of this reading to get information from the texts efficiently, rapidly. In the other words,
the students just focused on analyzing and understanding the text they read.
12
Harris and Smith, Reading Instruction Through Diagnostic Teaching, New York : Notl Riachart, Inc, 1972, p. 268
13
Alton L Raygon, Teaching Reading in Elementary School, Columbus : Bell and Howell, Taken from: httpwww. Usergate.
14
Henry Guntur Tarigan, Reading as Language Skill, Bandung : Angkasa Tarsito, 1986 , p.9
