CONCLUSIONS AND SPORT AS AN EFFORT OF BUILDING CHILDREN CHARACTER.

THE 3 INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON PE, SPORT HEALTH 2013 Sport Science Faculty, Semarang State University - Gd F1 Kampus Sekaran Gunungpati Semarang, Indonesia 50229 Phonefax: +6224-858007 Page 341 Village only has PIKKRR at the local health center. g. The number of children from poor families gain access to health insurance and welfare guarantee. Examples of anti-poverty program is a Community Health Insurance Jamkesmas, Delivery Guarantee Jampersal, the National Program for Community Empowerment PNPM Mandiri, Family Hope Program PKH, Health Card, and others. While in the Kebondalem Village have not had a system of data and information sufficient to indicate how many children from poor families gain access to health insurance and welfare guarantee improvement. h. Percentage of households who access to clean water. Households who access to clean water in question is that through pipelines andor non pipes were reported by health centers. Clean water is water suitable to be processed into drinking water. Percentage of households who access to clean water, the KLA has targeted the achievement indicators above the national average and is increasing every year. Percentage of households who access to clean water in the Kebondalem Village in 2010-2011 has reached 98. i. Number of non-smoking areas. Non-smoking area, is a room or area for activities otherwise prohibited smoking, sell, advertise andor promote tobacco products. Established in the region without cigarettes government buildings, health care facilities, where teaching and learning education, where children play, places of worship, public transport, workplaces, public places and other places specified by the Government. Region or area without a cigarette non-smoking area was developed in the area that contained children, PP 109 of 2012 on Protection of Materials containing addictive substances such as tobacco products for health. Availability of non-smoking area, the KLA has targeted the achievement of indicators there and is increasing every year. Kebondalem Village does not have a policy governing non-smoking area and do not have a non-smoking area.

4. CONCLUSIONS AND

RECOMENDATIONS A. Conclusions Results of child health analysis in the Kebondalem Village as that of the main indicators of 9 basic health and well-being cluster are as follows: the number of infant deaths in the Kebondalem Village in 2010-2011 as many as 3 babies, which is a major cause of infant mortality is IUFD and eclampsia, for the indicator of the prevalence of malnutrition in children under five in years 2010-2011 show that there is no malnutrition of children under five in the Kebondalem Village. For the percentage of exclusive breastfeeding in the Kebondalem Village in year 2010-2011 was only THE 3 INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON PE, SPORT HEALTH 2013 Sport Science Faculty, Semarang State University - Gd F1 Kampus Sekaran Gunungpati Semarang, Indonesia 50229 Phonefax: +6224-858007 Page 342 36, this is because there is no program activities that support exclusive breastfeeding in the village and in this village also has not had a breastfeeding rooms. On the percentage of complete primary immunization indicator in the Kebondalem Village has reached the target of 92 while the target on KLA indicator only reaches at least 80 and rising every year. For the other information, in the Kebondalem Village only has PIKKRR in local health centers as institutions that provide reproductive health services and mental health, and for the indicators which related number of children from poor families gain access to health insurance and welfare guarantee system does not have sufficient data and information which can indicate how many children from poor families gain access to health insurance and welfare guarantee in the Kebondalem Village. For the percentage of households who access to clean water in the Kebondalem Village in year 2010- 2011 has reached 98, and for the number of non-smoking areas indicators in the Kebondalem Village does not have a policy governing non- smoking area and do not have a non- smoking area. B. Recomendations Recomendations given in this study related to cluster 3 or basic health and well-being cluster, namely: implementing a program to reduce the number of infant deaths in the Kebondalem Village particularly to prevent and deal with IUFD and eclampsia, implement program activities that support exclusive breastfeeding in the village for example: reactivate the role of breastfeeding counselor in village level, improving the implementation of Early Initiation of Breastfeeding IMD, Communication-Information- Education KIE of exclusive breastfeeding and lactation management, provision lactation room with adequate facilities in place in strategic locations, and increasing activities to support exclusive breastfeeding. It is also build a system of adequate data and information at the village level so as to show how many children from poor families who have gained access to health insurance and welfare guarantee so as to increase the coverage or the number of children who can gain access to health insurance and welfare guarantee. And related indicators of the areas without cigarettes is to make a policies that govern rural region without a cigarette in the village . References Anonim. 2011. KPAI: Penetapan Kota Layak Anak Harus Selektif. Republika Online. Kamis, 03 Maret 2011. http:www.republika.co.idberitabre THE 3 INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON PE, SPORT HEALTH 2013 Sport Science Faculty, Semarang State University - Gd F1 Kampus Sekaran Gunungpati Semarang, Indonesia 50229 Phonefax: +6224-858007 Page 343 aking- newsnusantara110303167256- kpai-penetapan-kota-layak-anak- harus-selektif. Peraturan Menteri Negara Pemberdayaan Perempuan Republik Indonesia Nomor 02 Tahun 2009 Tentang Kebijakan KabupatenKota Layak Anak. Anonim. 2011. Kendal Menuju Kabupaten Layak Anak. Senin, 17 Januari 2011. http:kpm.kendalkab.go.idindex.php?option= com_contentview=articleid=1508:kendal- menuju-kabupaten-layak- anakcatid=45:beritaItemid=63 –06 Maret 2011. THE 3 INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON PE, SPORT HEALTH 2013 Sport Science Faculty, Semarang State University - Gd F1 Kampus Sekaran Gunungpati Semarang, Indonesia 50229 Phonefax: +6224-858007 Page 344 NORMS OF PHYSICAL ABILITY PUSLATDA FIGHTER In DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA Awan Hariono Lecturer Department of Education Coaching FIK UNY akbar.3131gmail.com Abstract The purpose of this study is to make the norms of physical abilities athlete Puslatda martial arts sparring category in Yogyakarta Special Region . This study is a descriptive research . The population used in this study were all fighters Puslatda in Yogyakarta Special Region is prepared to participate in the qualifying round PON XVIII in 2011 . The study sample was Puslatda fighters sparring category Special Region . Sampling technique using purposive sampling . Data analysis techniques for determining the physical capabilities norm using norm reference assessment methods with statistical mean and standard deviation of Anas Sudijono . The results showed that the norm has been composed athlete physical ability Puslatda martial arts sparring category in five categories: excellent, good , moderate , less and less so . The physical abilities measured in this study include : speed , agility , flexibility , power arm , leg power , abdominal muscle strength , anaerobic endurance , reaction speed , and VO2 max Keywords : norm , physical abilitiy , Puslatda , martial arts INTRODUCTION Exercise training is a process which is done by systematically and repeatedly with a given loading progressively . In addition, the exercise was an attempt by someone to prepare themselves in order to achieve certain goals . In physiological terms , training is one effort in improving the system of the organism and its function improvements to optimize performance and sports performance Bompa , 1994 . Exercise is also a process improvement exercise through a scientific approach , in particular the principles of regular education and planned to enhance the ability and readiness of athletes Harre in Bristol Vienna , 1982 . It can be concluded that the practice is a systematic process to improve the quality and appearance of physical exercise performed repeatedly with progressive loading . The general purpose of the exercise is to help coaches and trainers in order to implement and has the ability to help uncover potential conceptual athletes in achieving optimal performance . According Sukadiyanto 2002 outline for training purposes , among others : 1 Improve the physical quality of general and complete foundation to form a basic foundation in the development of specific physical elements , the energy level of fitness and muscular fitness , 2 Develop and increase the potential for physical specifically tailored to support the athletes in olahragasehingga branches show the THE 3 INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON PE, SPORT HEALTH 2013 Sport Science Faculty, Semarang State University - Gd F1 Kampus Sekaran Gunungpati Semarang, Indonesia 50229 Phonefax: +6224-858007 Page 345 potential capabilities , 3 Adding and refining techniques for mastering the basic technique is good and right is the basic capital toward higher achievement , 4 Developing and refining the strategy , tactics , and patterns of play ; 5 To be able to develop strategies necessary acumen and foresight in analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of practicing child and foe alike , and 6 Improve the quality and ability of psychic aspect . Implementation of a training program in the category of martial arts sparring , physical ability should be considered as a major factor and the most important in the training required to achieve optimal performance . Physical exercise is done regularly , programmed , and the well will produce measurable physiological changes that lead to changes in the bodys ability to function in a better energy yield . According to Davis et al 1989 changes that occur as a result of physical exercise include: 1 Changes in biochemistry , namely : increasing reserves of glucose and triglycerides , increased oxygen extraction due to an increase in the concentration of myoglobin , increased vascularity due to the transport of oxygen through the capillary number in muscle , increased ATP production through aerobic system because the amount of oxidative enzymes increased very much , an increase in ATP - PC system with increasing ATP - PC reserves , reserves increased activity of glucose and glycolytic enzymes , increasing the speed of muscle contraction , muscle hypertrophy , increased density of capillaries per muscle fiber , increasing the strength of tendons and ligaments , increasing the power of the motor unit recruitment , and increased lean body weight , 2 changes in kardiorespiratori system , namely : cardiac hypertrophy , increased heart stroke volume , heart rate decreased during breaks , increased blood volume and hemoglobin , blood pressure , and respiratory systems , and 3 other changes , namely : changes in body composition , changes in blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels , changes in blood pressure , changes in acclimatization , and changes in connective tissue . Victory in the martial arts in general is determined by the sum of the values obtained during the game . Value in martial arts sparring category obtained when fighters do techniques with hard punches and kicks on target specified and perform dropping technique on an opponent who passed by the referee and judges . Target scores in martial arts sparring category is on the chest , abdomen center to top , ribs , and spine or the back of the body . Parts of the limbs can be targeted in an attempt to bring down the opponent , but it does not have value as a target perkenaan Persilat , 2001 . Therefore , in order to obtain the required value for the game motion control capabilities technique properly . The success of the possession in the martial arts technique of motion is determined by the physical capabilities component THE 3 INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON PE, SPORT HEALTH 2013 Sport Science Faculty, Semarang State University - Gd F1 Kampus Sekaran Gunungpati Semarang, Indonesia 50229 Phonefax: +6224-858007 Page 346 biomotor held by fighters . Therefore , before the techniques taught fighters motion must be based on the ability biomotor good . So that every fighter can have a good ability biomotor , the main objective of the exercise should lead to improved functional potential athletes and develop them to the highest standards . Therefore, physical ability is the main means of support for the realization of motion techniques Sukadiyanto , 2011 . To be able to determine the success of the process of physical exercise , the coach must have a target that will be achieved from each athlete . Thus will facilitate in determining the desired target practice . Therefore , the accuracy in determining the target has a considerable influence on the results of physical exercise . In martial arts , precision targeting of physical exercise is largely determined by the ability of the early fighters . To that end , the coach must have the ability biomotor preliminary data of each fighter in order to monitor the extent of the change biomotor upgrades as a result of the exercise performed . Each sport has a different appearance standards at every game . Performance standards normally used by coaches as a basis for determining the target of exercise , especially in physical exercise . Therefore, the results of physical exercise can be observed directly during the exercise process . To that end , each branch must have a norm olahraha physical capabilities that facilitate coaches and athletes in monitoring the achievement of training programs conducted , including the martial arts sport . Special Region of Yogyakarta has led to many fighters who have qualified sparring categories both nationally and internationally . But in fact , the Special Region of Yogyakarta IPSI has not been the norm for fighters physical abilities . That is, the eligibility standards of quality fighters physical abilities Yogyakarta Special Region and has not been taken as a measure of the feasibility of every fighters physical abilities . As a result , martial arts achievements in Special Region of Yogyakarta tends to fluctuate . Based on the fact that there should be research on the creation of norms of physical abilities Puslatda martial arts athletes in the Special Region of Yogyakarta , especially in the sparring category . Thus martial arts coaching in DIY can be done more effectively and efficiently . In addition , the results of the study are expected to be used as a reference for trainers and coaches to determine the qualifications of martial arts athletes . Based on the background and the identification of the problem , the problem can be formulated as follows : How norms of physical abilities athlete Puslatda martial arts sparring category in DIY ? Pencak Silat match CATEGORIES Basic principles of martial arts sparring category is an attack technique using punches , kicks and fast and hard on specific targets so that your opponent can not perform as well as children and make evasion techniques both fall- fall- fall- down above or THE 3 INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON PE, SPORT HEALTH 2013 Sport Science Faculty, Semarang State University - Gd F1 Kampus Sekaran Gunungpati Semarang, Indonesia 50229 Phonefax: +6224-858007 Page 347 endorsed by the referee and judges . According Persilat 2001 is a martial arts sparring category match featuring two fighters from different camps facing each other and using elements of defense and attack , the parry , dodge , and attack on specific targets and knockdown . In general, the techniques of martial arts can be divided into three , namely engineering punches , kicks , and techniques fallout . In order to punch , kick , and the fall- out can be done with hard , fast , and precise control necessary skills and motor skills basic techniques properly . Motor skills are used to direct every muscle activity to a specific destination . While motion prowess is the completeness that can facilitate the appearance of the various skills Rahantoknam , 1988 . In the category of martial arts sparring , skills and abilities needed to facilitate the movement of fighters to master and develop a variety of techniques . Skills in martial arts sparring categories included in the open- type skills open skills . That is, environmental factors greatly influence the success of a fighter in order to perform optimally . Several environmental factors can affect during the match in which martial arts is a race , the equipment used body protector , the temperature , the audience , and opponents compete . One of the most difficult environmental factors addressed by the fighter is a contender to compete . This is caused by the motion pattern and the type of opponent play relatively different and tends to fluctuate . It required the ability of fighters to anticipate every move made by the opponent played . Precision motion anticipate opponents competed in martial arts sparring category is determined by eye and motor coordination skills . That is, the eye as opposed to the recipient in the form of a moving stimulus , and arm and leg movements are responding in the form of hitting or kicking . Coordination capabilities supported by the sharpness of view of an object , in determining the retrieval accuracy in distance between the position of the opponents fighters to compete . It required a good coordination ability of the fighters to make it easier to anticipate the opponents attack and at the time of the attack . Techniques in order to attack the target , movements in martial arts sparring category must be done quickly and suddenly making it difficult for the opponent to do the avoidance and catch . Thus , the necessary abilities and skills of a good speed so using foot fall-out technique can be done perfectly . Highest score in the category of martial arts sparring can be obtained when the fighters were able to knock the opponent played . By Agung Nugroho 2001 it falls within the martial arts techniques can be divided into two , namely 1 techniques by using a fall- foot vertical sweep , rake fallen , mengkait , and cutting , and 2 Engineering dropping through the catch with one hand and two hands . success doing it falls THE 3 INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON PE, SPORT HEALTH 2013 Sport Science Faculty, Semarang State University - Gd F1 Kampus Sekaran Gunungpati Semarang, Indonesia 50229 Phonefax: +6224-858007 Page 348 through the catchment techniques to get a value of 1 +3 , so it is a technique that is relatively feared by opponents . Besides producing high value , the likelihood of injury inflicted upon relatively large . techniques dropping through the tough catches a kick technique applied to the done quickly and suddenly . means , fighters will have difficulty in applying the technique when it falls through the catch can kick your opponent with quick, powerful , and purposeful . kick for it to be done with an explosive movement in order to make your opponent do the catch . means , in addition to the power and speed capability , the success of the attack in martial arts sparring category also determined the ability of the power leg of fighters . Highest score in the category of martial arts sparring can be obtained when the fighters were able to knock the opponent played . By Agung Nugroho 2001 it falls within the martial arts techniques can be divided into two , namely 1 techniques by using a fall- foot vertical sweep , rake fallen , mengkait , and cutting , and 2 Engineering dropping through the catch with one hand and two hands . success doing it falls through the catchment techniques to get a value of 1 +3 , so it is a technique that is relatively feared by opponents . Besides producing high value , the likelihood of injury inflicted upon relatively large . techniques dropping through the tough catches a kick technique applied to the done quickly and suddenly . means , fighters will have difficulty in applying the technique when it falls through the catch can kick your opponent with quick, powerful , and purposeful . conducted opponent this is due to the tendency of the reaction to avoid or evade the opponent attacks . Furthermore dropping through the catchment dominant technique can be applied to the second attack carried out opponents in a row . For that kicks should be done with an explosive movement in order to make your opponent do the catch . Martial arts matches held in three rounds , and in between innings given 1 minute rest . In each round takes two minutes clean . Thus the possibility of a decline in physical conditions fatigue during the game relatively large , especially in the third round . For that fighters should have good endurance capability in order to perform optimally until the game ended . According Hariono Cloud 2006, the predominant energy system in martial arts sparring category is the ATP - PC 73.75 , 16.25 LA - O2 and 10 O2 . Thus endurance capabilities required in martial arts sparring category is anaerobic endurance . Therefore fighter who has good anaerobic endurance will be able to compete with optimal for three rounds without experiencing significant fatigue . To be able to win the game , the technique should be done in a difficult opponent and counter attack . If the opponent can counter technique counter attack in ways that do not get value reply of the opponent is not authorized by the referee and judges . Conversely, if your opponent THE 3 INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON PE, SPORT HEALTH 2013 Sport Science Faculty, Semarang State University - Gd F1 Kampus Sekaran Gunungpati Semarang, Indonesia 50229 Phonefax: +6224-858007 Page 349 attacks , fighters must be able to undergo a rebuttal or counter attack , and evasion is done quickly . The successful conduct counter attack in martial arts sparring category will get the value +1 so of each technique performed . Therefore , in order to do the counter attack during match agility and the ability to support a good reaction speed . Fighter who has the agility and speed abilities right reaction would be easier to carry out an attack and respond to any attacks made by the opponent . Attacks and belaan in martial arts sparring category can be optimized when a fighter has the ability to control motion and correct technique well supported by good physical ability . Therefore, in order to implement any fighter in the game motion techniques necessary skills biomotor good . The biomotor components required in martial arts , among which are endurance , strength , speed , coordination , and flexibility Awan Hariono , 2006 . PHYSICAL ABILITY TO CATEGORY Pencak Silat match Pencak silat is a body - contact sport so the possibility of injury on the pitch is relatively large . To that end , in a game fighter who has the skills necessary qualified . Quality fighters influenced by the physical quality and psychological quality . Physical qualities , among others, is determined by the energy and fitness muscle fitness . Biomotor muscle fitness components that include strength , endurance , speed , flexibility , and coordination . While energy fitness include aerobic energy systems and anaerobic energy systems . Furthermore psychic quality is influenced by motivational factors , tension , anxiety , concentration , and attention fighters . Thus the ability biomotor indispensable component in the martial arts . By having the ability biomotor good , fighters are expected to perform optimally. Biomotor is the ability of human motion is influenced by the condition of the organ systems , including : neuromuscular system , respiratory , digestive , circulatory , energy , bones , and joints Sukadiyanto , 2002 . According to Bompa 1994 basic components of biomotor sportsmen include strength , endurance , speed , coordination , and flexibility . The other component is a blend of several components that form the terminology itself , such as : power and agility . An example is a combination of power or the product of strength and speed , while a combination of speed agility and coordination . Broadly speaking biomotor influenced by the fitness components of energy energy fitness and muscle fitness muscular fitness . Fitness components of energy are energy sources that result in movement , consisting of aerobic and anaerobic capacity . While the whole of Muscle fitness is biomotor components that include strength , endurance , speed , power , flexibility , balance , and agility Sharkey , 1986 . According to Martens 1990 muscular fitness includes strength , speed , muscular endurance , power , and flexibility . Thus the level of THE 3 INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON PE, SPORT HEALTH 2013 Sport Science Faculty, Semarang State University - Gd F1 Kampus Sekaran Gunungpati Semarang, Indonesia 50229 Phonefax: +6224-858007 Page 350 muscular fitness is very influential on increasing mastery of abilities, skills , and physical fitness . Biomotor components required in martial arts sparring categories , among which are endurance , strength , speed , coordination , and flexibility . However, it does not mean that the other components are not required biomotor in martial arts . Biomotor components such as power , stamina , balance and agility is a combination of several components biomotor . That is, if practiced biomotor components it will automatically generate power , stamina , balance , and agility . Examples are : 1 In the train speed , automatically power components also terlatihkan biomotor , 2 speed training form with short distances and constantly changing direction will form a component of agility ; 3 In the exercise of power, the component automatically biomotor power also terlatihkan ; 4 The components of agility is a fusion of elements of speed , flexibility , and coordination . Thus , any exercise that involves components of speed , coordination , flexibility and agility will automatically form . HOW TO RESEARCH This research is a descriptive study , which describes the object under study through the sample data as is without doing analysis and making conclusions are applicable to the public. The study was conducted at the Faculty of Sport UNY on 22- 23 October 2011 . The population used in this study were all Puslatda martial arts athletes in the Special Region of Yogyakarta is prepared to participate in the qualifying round PON XVIII in 2011 as many as 54 people . The study sample was all martial arts athletes Puslatda sparring category as many as 26 sons and 14 daughters . Sampling technique using purposive sampling . The instrument used in this study using a modified prime test . Based on the results of the Focus Group Discussion FGD martial arts coaches Se - Java on 11 November 2011 there are 9 proper test instrument used to measure the athletes physical abilities of martial arts sparring category . The test instrument used in this study are as follows : a Agility agility by using a shuttle run test , b flexibility by using the sit and reach test ; c Power limb by using a standing broad jump test ; d Speed test run using a 30 meter ; e The speed of the reaction by using WBR Measuring equipment II visual , f using anaerobic endurance test run 300 meters ; g Power of the abdominal muscles with sit ups using a 30-second test h Power arm push- up test using 30 seconds , and i VO2 Max by using multy - stage test . Data collection techniques in this study with a survey carried out by means of the test and measurement category athletes Puslatda martial arts sparring in Yogyakarta Special Region is prepared to participate in the qualifying round PON XVIII in 2011 . Each subject was given the opportunity to test twice . The determination of the norms of physical abilities use the norm reference THE 3 INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON PE, SPORT HEALTH 2013 Sport Science Faculty, Semarang State University - Gd F1 Kampus Sekaran Gunungpati Semarang, Indonesia 50229 Phonefax: +6224-858007 Page 351 assessment with statistical mean and standard deviation of Anas Sudijono . RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Results Based on the results of tests and measurements with moldifikasi of prime tests obtained following calculation : 1 . agility Calculation results obtained for male athlete mean value of 7.106 and a standard deviation of 0305 , while for women athletes obtained a mean value of 8,084 and a standard deviation of 0423 . The results of the determination of norms agility skills can be seen in Table 1 below : Tabel 1. Norms of pencaksilat agility in DIY Norms Man sec Woman sec Exellent 6.65 7.45 Good 6.65 - 6.95 7.45 – 7.87 Average 6.96 - 7.23 7.88 – 8.30 Poor 7.24 - 7.56 8.31 – 8.72 Very Poor 7.56 8.72 2 . flexibility Calculation results obtained for male athlete of the mean standard deviation of 49.77 and 10:55, while for women athletes obtained a mean value of 41.57 and a standard deviation of 6:11 . The results of the determination of norms flexibility abilities can be seen in Table 2 below : Table 2 . Norma flexibility Puslatda Pencak Silat athletes DIY Norma Man cm Woman cm Exellent 66 51 Good 55 – 66 45 – 51 Average 44 – 54 38 – 44 Poor 34 – 43 32 – 38 Very Poor 34 32 3 . Leg Power Calculation results obtained for male athlete of 2:51 and the mean standard deviation of 0.31 , whereas for women athletes obtained a mean value of 1.67 and a standard deviation of 0:14 . The results of the determination of norms flexibility capabilities can be seen in Table 3 below: Table 3 . Norma Leg Power Athletes Puslatda Pencak Silat DIY Norma Man meter Woman meter THE 3 INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON PE, SPORT HEALTH 2013 Sport Science Faculty, Semarang State University - Gd F1 Kampus Sekaran Gunungpati Semarang, Indonesia 50229 Phonefax: +6224-858007 Page 352 Exellent 2.97 1.88 Good 2.67 – 2.97 1.74 – 1.88 Average 2.36 – 2.66 1.60 – 1.73 Poor 2.06 – 2.35 1.45 – 1.59 Very Poor 2.06 1.45 4 . speed Based on calculations for male athlete obtained a mean value of the standard deviation of 3:03 and 0:14 , while for women athletes obtained by the mean standard deviation of 3:21 and 0:13 . The results of the determination of the speed capabilities of the norm seen in Table 4 below : Table 4 . Norma Speed Pencak Silat athletes Puslatda DIY Norma Man sec Woman sec Exellent 3.49 3.84 Good 3.50 – 3.93 3.84 -4.29 Average 3.94 – 4.37 4.30 – 4.74 Poor 4.38 – 4.81 4.75 – 5.19 Very Poor 4.81 5.19 5 . Abdominal Muscle Strength Calculation results obtained for male athlete mean value of 29.50 and a standard deviation of 2.63 , whereas for women athletes obtained a mean value of 26.86 and a standard deviation of 2:44 . The results of the determination of norms ability abdominal muscle strength seen in Table 5 below : Table 5 . Norma abdominal muscle strength Puslatda martial arts athletes DIY Norma Man rep Woman rep Exellent 33 30 Good 31 – 33 28 – 30 Average 28 – 30 25 – 27 Poor 25 – 27 22 – 24 Very Poor 25 22 6 . Arm Power Calculation results obtained for male athlete mean value of 34.15 and a standard deviation of 3.95 , whereas for women athletes obtained a mean value of 24.71 and a standard deviation of 3:47 . The results of the THE 3 INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON PE, SPORT HEALTH 2013 Sport Science Faculty, Semarang State University - Gd F1 Kampus Sekaran Gunungpati Semarang, Indonesia 50229 Phonefax: +6224-858007 Page 353 determination of the ability of a power arm norm can be seen in Table 6 below: Table 6 . Norma Arm Power Athletes Pencak Silat Puslatda DIY Norma Man Rep Woman Rep Exellent 40 30 Good 36 – 40 27 – 30 Average 32 – 35 23 – 26 Poor 28 – 31 19 – 22 Very Poor 28 19 7 . VO2max Calculation results obtained for male athlete mean value of 47.60 and a standard deviation of 2.70 , whereas for women athletes obtained a mean value of 42.47 and a standard deviation of 2:51 . The results of the determination of VO2 max norm capabilities can be seen in Table 7 below : Table 7 . VO2 max norm Puslatda Pencak Silat athletes DIY Norma Man Woman Exellent 51.6 47.7 Good 48.9 – 51.6 44.2 – 47.6 Average 46.2 – 48.8 40.7 – 44.1 Poor 43.5 – 46.1 37.2 – 40.6 Very Poor 43.5 37,2 8 . Anaerobic Endurance Calculation results obtained for male athlete mean value of 42.11 and a standard deviation of 6:34 , while for women athletes obtained a mean value of 45.81 and a standard deviation of 4.25. The results of the determination of anaerobic endurance capability norm can be seen in Table 8 below: Table 8 . Norma Anaerobic Endurance Athletes Puslatda Pencak Silat DIY THE 3 INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON PE, SPORT HEALTH 2013 Sport Science Faculty, Semarang State University - Gd F1 Kampus Sekaran Gunungpati Semarang, Indonesia 50229 Phonefax: +6224-858007 Page 354 Norma Man Woman Exellent 32.60 39.44 Good 32.60 – 38.94 39.45 – 43.67 Average 38.95 – 45.28 43.68 – 47.94 Poor 45.29 – 51.62 47.95 – 52.19 Very Poor 51.62 52.19 9 . reaction speed Calculation results obtained for male athlete mean value of 0.272 and a standard deviation of 0.018 , while for women athletes obtained a mean value of 0289 and a standard deviation of 0.018 . The results of the determination of the rate of reaction norms of ability can be seen in Table 9 below: Table 9 . Norma Reaction Speed Pencak Silat athletes Puslatda DIY Norma Putra detik Putri detik Exellent 0.245 0.262 Good 0.245 – 0.263 0.262 – 0.280 Average 0.264 – 0.281 0.281 – 0.298 Poor 0.282 – 0.298 0.299 – 0.316 Very Poor 0.298 0.316 Discussion Agility is the ability to run fast by varying the direction . In the category of martial arts sparring , with having good agility will allow fighters to carry out attacks or belaan the correct position . Thus agility in martial arts fighter is the ability to move quickly with the right position right and provides a solid foundation during the attack and belaan . Therefore opponent motion techniques are difficult to predict in advance , which might attack with punches , kicks , or even wipe down . For that , a fighter must have a good standard of agility capabilities in order to achieve optimal performance . Based on the results of the calculation of velocity norm , fighters should be able to take a maximum of 6.95 seconds for men and 7.87 for women in order to get in the good category . That is, if the test results by using a shuttle run takes more than 6.95 seconds for men and 7.87 for women , then the fighter was declared unfit to be a martial arts athlete Puslatda Yogyakarta. Flexibility is an important element in sports coaching accomplishments , because biomotor very influential on other components . In the category of martial arts sparring , THE 3 INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON PE, SPORT HEALTH 2013 Sport Science Faculty, Semarang State University - Gd F1 Kampus Sekaran Gunungpati Semarang, Indonesia 50229 Phonefax: +6224-858007 Page 355 flexibility is a basic element that should be improved , especially on the young fighter and maintained in order to remain good through stretching exercises . The fighter gains flexibility when it has a good ability , among which are : ease of fighters in a wide range of mobility and skill , to avoid the possibility of injury to fighters of the time doing physical activity , allowing fighters to be able to do an extreme motion , and increase blood flow to the muscle fibers . Thus , fighters sparring category must have good flexibility capabilities . Based on the results of the calculation of the norm flexibility , it can be said fighters enter in good category if it can achieve distances between 55cm - 66 cm for men and between 45cm - 51cm for women . That is, if it can reach a distance of less than 55 cm for men and 45 cm for women , the fighter was declared unfit to enter Puslatda martial arts of Yogyakarta . Power leg is biomotor indispensable component in martial arts sparring category . Benefits of leg power for fighters sparring categories include : can kick quickly and suddenly making it difficult opponent in doing evasion , dodgery and catches . In addition , fighters will be easier to do the counter attack in the form of a kick to the opponents attacks . Untulk it , fighters sparring category must have a good leg power capability in order to achieve optimal performance . Based on calculations norm leg power capability , fighter should be able to jump as far 2.67M - 2.97m for men and 1.74m - 1.88M for the princess to get in the good category . That is, when to make the leap less 2.67M for men and 1.74 m for women , the fighter was declared unfit to enter Puslatda martial arts of Yogyakarta . Value in martial arts sparring category obtained when fighters do techniques with hard punches and kicks on target specified and not obstructed . To that end , every kick and punch is performed by the fighters should have good speed . Speed is the ability of a person to perform a series of motion or the motion as quickly as possible in response to stimuli . Speed is inborn genetic , so the velocity components have limitations that depend on the structure of muscle and nerve mobility processes . As a result , the speed is also relatively limited increase of between 20- 30 . Thus , fighters sparring category must have good speed capabilities in order to perform kicks and punches technique that produces value in the game . Results norm calculation speed Puslatda martial arts athlete of Yogyakarta , said fighters can enter in good category if able to cover a distance of 30 meters with a maximum of 3.93 seconds for men and 4:29 for women . That is, if a fighter in a distance of 30 meters takes more than 3.93 seconds to 4:29 seconds for the men and women it was declared unfit to enter Puslatda martial arts of Yogyakarta . Body parts can be targeted and obtained values in the category of martial arts , including : chest , abdomen center to top , left and right ribs , and spine back of the body . While parts of the limbs can be targeted in an attempt to attack the drop but do not have value as a target perkenaan . THE 3 INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON PE, SPORT HEALTH 2013 Sport Science Faculty, Semarang State University - Gd F1 Kampus Sekaran Gunungpati Semarang, Indonesia 50229 Phonefax: +6224-858007 Page 356 From the upper part of the body , the stomach is the most dominant part used as a target . For that , a fighter must have good abdominal muscle strength that are not easily injured when hit by an attack . Besides a good abdominal muscle strength to give effect to the efficiency of motion kicks performed by fighters . Norm calculation results indicate that the strength of the abdominal muscles can be said fighters enter in good category within 30 seconds when able to do sit ups at least 31 times to 28 times for the son and daughter . That is, when the fighters within 30 seconds of doing sit ups less than 31 times to 28 times for the son and daughter , it was declared unfit to enter Puslatda martial arts of Yogyakarta . Arm movements in martial arts sparring category is necessary , including : to perform punches , blocks , and catch . Punches in martial arts sparring category may get hard and if done right on target specified . The movement to deflect and catch can then do a proper reply on specific targets counter attack will get the value +1 . For that , the fighters did punch , parry , and catches should be done firmly and quickly so that the opponent can not make a move selanjtnya . Thus , it takes a good arm power capability of fighter that every movement can be done with a powerful and fast . Norm calculation results show that power arm can be said fighters enter in good category within 30 seconds when able to do push- ups at least a total of 36 times to 27 times for the son and daughter . That is, if a fighter in 30 seconds fighter doing push-ups in less than 36 times to 27 times for a son and daughter , it was declared unfit to enter Puslatda martial arts of Yogyakarta . Fighters who have sufficient aerobic capacity would be able to accept the burden of high intensity exercise . Aerobic fitness is needed in martial arts fighter in order to able to recover quickly and be able to accept a longer training load without significant fatigue . Besides aerobic exercise will help strengthen the ligaments , tendons , and muscle fibers so as to reduce the possibility of injury during training and matches . To that end , the martial arts sparring category , aerobic energy system is still needed though relatively small compared to the anaerobic energy system therefore aerobic energy system more easily upgraded . Based on calculations from the norm can be said to show that fighters entered the medium category when at least have a VO2 max of 46.2 for men and 40.7 for women . That is, if a fighter has a VO2 max of at least approximately 46.2 for men and 40.7 for women , it was declared unfit to enter Puslatda martial arts of Yogyakarta . Based on the observations , the average working time during the fight in a martial arts match required for about 3-5 seconds . When the final assault each 4 types of attacks fighters do can be captured by the opponents legs and dropping is not the case , then the accumulation Watu needed during the process a maximum of approximately 10 seconds . For the system is the energy needed alaktik anaerobic energy systems ATP - PC , because when it THE 3 INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON PE, SPORT HEALTH 2013 Sport Science Faculty, Semarang State University - Gd F1 Kampus Sekaran Gunungpati Semarang, Indonesia 50229 Phonefax: +6224-858007 Page 357 works it only takes a maximum of 10 seconds . Martial arts match made in three acts , with a time of 2 minutes for each round clean . During the game , fight the accumulation of an average of 14 times in one round . Thus the use of anaerobic energy system alaktik ongoing basis . This led to a trend toward non- combustion energy diresintesis be back . For that reason, anaerobic lactic energy system in order to work well muscles can last much longer . With the help of anaerobic glycolysis system , will be able to extend the working muscles for approximately 120 seconds . Norm calculation results indicate that anaerobic endurance fighter can be said to enter in good category if it is able to cover a distance of 300 meters to a maximum of 38.94 seconds and 43.67 seconds for the mens daughters . That is, if a fighter in a distance of 300 meters , requires more than 38.94 seconds to 43.67 seconds for the men and women , it was declared unfit to enter Puslatda martial arts of Yogyakarta . In the category of martial arts sparring no term value +1 . The values obtained when the fighter can do dodgery , evasion , catch , and rebuttal to then be able to perform proper reply on specific targets counter attack . So that movement can be made with a counter attack perfectly fighters required speed in delivering a reaction against the opponents attack . In principle , the reaction rate can be divided into single reaction speed and reaction compound . Single reaction is the ability to respond to stimuli that a person has been known to the direction and the goal in the shortest time possible , while the reaction of compound is the ability to respond to stimuli of unknown direction and goals in the shortest time possible . In the category of martial arts sparring , speed of reaction is the reaction of most of the compound , therefore it is often difficult opponent motion predicted by the fighters . It required a good reaction speed capabilities of the fighters to be able to anticipate every move made by the opponent played . Norm calculation results showed that the reaction rate can be said to be fighters enter in good category if it is able to respond stimulus in 0245-0263 seconds for men and 0262-0280 for the second daughter . That is, if the fighters in response to the stimulus requires more time than 0263 for men and 0280 for women , it was declared unfit to enter Puslatda martial arts of Yogyakarta . CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS The conclusion of the study is structured norm has the physical ability of martial arts athletes Puslatda Yogyakarta Special Region is divided into five categories: excellent, good , moderate , less and less so . Physical abilities measured in this study include : speed , agility , flexibility , power arm , leg power , abdominal muscle strength , anaerobic endurance , reaction speed , and VO2 max . The advice given to manufacturing capabilities norm fisk Puslatda martial arts athlete of Yogyakarta , including : 1 a need for further research is carried out gradually in the following years to perfecting the manufacture of norms of physical abilities match the category of martial arts athletes in THE 3 INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON PE, SPORT HEALTH 2013 Sport Science Faculty, Semarang State University - Gd F1 Kampus Sekaran Gunungpati Semarang, Indonesia 50229 Phonefax: +6224-858007 Page 358 the Special Yogyakarta, and 2 should be considered the norm in the making kasifikasi class athletes physical capabilities martial arts sparring category so that research results can be more objective . References Agung Nugroho . In 2000 . Dictates of Pencak Silat . Yogyakarta : Yogyakarta FIK . Anas Sudijono . 2006 . Introduction to statistics education . London: King Grafindo Persada . Bompa , Tudor O. , 1990. Theory and Methodology of Training . Toronto: Mosaic Press . Bompa , Tudor O. , 1994. Theory and Methodology of Training . third edition . Dubuque , Iowa : Kendal Hunt Publishing Company . Davis, D. Kimmet , T. and Auty , ML . , 1989. Physical Education : Theory and Practice . Shouth Melbourne : The Macmillan Company of Australia , Pty , Ltd . Fox , E.L. et all . 1988. The Physiological Basis of Physical Education and Athletics . USA : WB Sounders Company . Martens , Rainer . , 1990. Successful Coaching . Champaign , II : Leisure Press . Nossek , Josef . 1982. General Theory of Training , Lagos : Pan African Press , Ltd. . Persilat . , 2001. The International Pencak Silat Competition Regulation . Kuala Lumpur : Pesaka . Rahantoknam , B. Edward. 1988 . Of Motor Learning : Theory and Application in Physical Education and Sport . Jakarta : Directorate General P2LPTK Dfikti Department of Education . Sarkey , Brian J. , 1986. Coaches Guide to Sport Physiology , Champaign , II : Human Kinetics Publishers . Inc . Sukadiyanto . , 2002. Theory and Methodology of Training Physical tennis player . London: Faculty of Sport Sciences FIK UNY Yogyakarta State University . THE 3 INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON PE, SPORT HEALTH 2013 Sport Science Faculty, Semarang State University - Gd F1 Kampus Sekaran Gunungpati Semarang, Indonesia 50229 Phonefax: +6224-858007 Page 359 THE IMPORTANCE OF BASIC SPORTS INJURY MANAGEMENT UNDERSTANDING FOR COACHES AND ATHLETES Ni Luh Kadek Alit Arsani, Ni Nyoman Mestri Agustini Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha e-mail: alit_arsaniyahoo.com; mes3_dipyahoo.co.id Abstract National sports achievement is the culmination of region’s sports coaching achievement. One of the weakness of the national sports development program currently is less inequality in sports development in the area, there is a striking difference between the center and regions, both in terms of technical ability and availability of sports facilities. One important factor in sports coaching is the coach. Beside the ability in the sport, coach should has an ability in handling of a basic sport injury management. Sports injury is caused by an imbalance of three factors; hosts athletes themselves , agent sports- related activities and the environment. Based on data from the Ministry of Youth and Sports, a study on the sports injuries management in athletes of 2010, found that 92 incidence of sports injuries occur during exercise. The coach’s involvement in dealing injury only 11. Therefore an understanding of the fundamentals of prevention and handling of sports injury for coaches and athletes is needed. Key words : achievement, sports injury, coach, athletes INTRODUCTION National sports achievement is the culminatio n of region’s sports coaching achievement. Therefore, the success of sports coaching is a key of national sports successes. One of the weakness of the national sports development program currently is less inequality in sports development in the area, there is a striking difference between the center and regions, both in terms of technical ability and availability of sports equipments and facilities. One important factor in sports coaching is the coach. Beside the ability in the sport, coach should has an ability in handling of a basic sport injury management. Sports injury is a pathological condition and it’s caused by an imbalance of three factors; hosts athletes themselves , agent sports-related activities and the environment. Based on data from the Ministry of Youth and Sports, a study on the sports injuries management in athletes of 2010 in 113 respondents, found that the majority 92 incidence of sports injuries occur during exercise. The data futher showed that athletes who get injured as much as 87 had never beeb involved in handling injury. The coach’s involvement in dealing injury only 11. Access to the health care is also said to be rather difficult. If coaches and athletes have an understanding of the basics of THE 3 INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON PE, SPORT HEALTH 2013 Sport Science Faculty, Semarang State University - Gd F1 Kampus Sekaran Gunungpati Semarang, Indonesia 50229 Phonefax: +6224-858007 Page 360 prevention and treatment of sports injuries then continuing and recurring injury that can stop an athletes career will be avoided . Understanding of the basics of sports injuries is very simple and can be done by athletes in protecting themselves, and also can be done by any coach to help athletes . LITERATURE REVIEW There are many aspects which athletes and coaches should have to achieve a good athlete’s performance. Sport injury management is one of the important aspect. The basic of sport injury management which athletes and coaches should know are: 1 . Definition of Sports Injury Sports injury is all sorts of injuries that arise, either at the time of exercise and along event and after event. Commonly affected are the bones, muscles, tendons and ligaments. Thus knowledge of sports injuries is useful to study how the occurrence of sports injuries, treatment of injuries and and prevention. Trough knowing the science of sports injury, sports coaches or teachers in addition to deal with their students that injury can also prevent it. Based on the data can be made conclusions about the possibilities of injury that occurred Based on the kinds of injury, the sports injuries can be divided over the causes: 1 External violence Injury which occur by the influence from outside, for example: a. Body contact sports: football, boxing, martial arts, and others. b. Sports equipment: hockey sticks, balls, rackets and others. c. Surrounding circumstances that caused the injury, for example: the state of the field that do not meet the requirements: racing cars, motorcycles, tennis ball with holes and so on. Wound or injury that may arise include: abrasions , lacerations , torn muscles , tendons or bruise, fracture. 2 Internal violence This injury occurs due to coordination of the muscles and joints are less than perfect , leading to incorrect movements, causing injury . Size legs feet are not the same length ; strength of the muscles that are antagonistic, not balanced, and etc . It can also occur due to lack of warming up , lack of concentration or weak of physical and mental. It can be a tearing of muscle injuries , tendon or ligament. 3 Over Use Injury was caused by excessive muscle coordination or too tired . Injury due to over use occupies one third of the sports injuries that occur . Usually due to over- use injury occurrence gradually chronic . Symptoms can be mild like muscle stiffness , THE 3 INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON PE, SPORT HEALTH 2013 Sport Science Faculty, Semarang State University - Gd F1 Kampus Sekaran Gunungpati Semarang, Indonesia 50229 Phonefax: +6224-858007 Page 361 strains , sprains and the most severe is the stress fracture .

2. Body Response To Injury