THE 3
INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON PE, SPORT HEALTH 2013
Sport Science Faculty, Semarang State University - Gd F1 Kampus Sekaran Gunungpati Semarang, Indonesia 50229 Phonefax: +6224-858007
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Sport Psychology Service for Chinese Elite Swimmers
Wu Min, Ph.D.
Institute of Physical Education Central China Normal University
wuminccnu126.com
1. Introduction
Sport psychology services are considered to be an important brick stone when building athletic success. The strive for better performance is not only a characteristic of athletes,
but of the whole support system in top level sport including sport psychology Olympic Games are stressful events for all involved
– coaches, athletes, support team, and administrative staff.
We know that successful performance in this kind of environment depends greatly on an athlete’s ability to focus effectively, to self-regulate his or her arousal levels, to manage
emotions, and to have a comprehensive plan in place for travel, training, and competition
2. Research Methodology
2.1. Research Program The procedures of the method are listed in the chart below
2.2. Subjects 55 swimmers who took part in London Olympic Games.
2.3. Methods Literature
Questionnaire Observation
Interview
3. Result
3.1. Psychological Profiles From the research, the data for athlete’s psychological profiles are drawn in the table as
folow
THE 3
INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON PE, SPORT HEALTH 2013
Sport Science Faculty, Semarang State University - Gd F1 Kampus Sekaran Gunungpati Semarang, Indonesia 50229 Phonefax: +6224-858007
Page 38
3.2. Psychological Consultation The issues and the problem are
Performance demands Physicalsport-specific skills
Cognitive-affective behavioural patterns Intrapersonal and developmental variables
Interpersonal variables Transitional and environmental demands
Those raised some questions af follow What is the quality of a consultation?
What influences the quality of the consultation process? What is the sport psychology consultants role?
3.3. Mental Training and Intervention This part is inspected by two perspective: 1Social-cultural perspective, and 2
Cognitive-Physiological perspective. There three purpose of mental training
1 Each athlete must be physically, psychologically and emotionally prepared. 2 Mental training is founded on personal growth and not upon comparison to others.
3 Our primary ob
jective was to enhance the athletes’ self confidence and self-control The Mental Training Forms and Functions
1 The main forms of mental training we used included group seminars, individual counseling, special topics discussions, biofeedback training, theme visits, and cognitive
enhancement of psychological principles. 2 Our mental training program resulted in positive outcomes by helping the athletes cope
with anxiety, improve the consistency of their performances in competition and improve their thinking skills.
The approaches and intervention techniques are available 1 Imagery interventions
2 Self-talk
THE 3
INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON PE, SPORT HEALTH 2013
Sport Science Faculty, Semarang State University - Gd F1 Kampus Sekaran Gunungpati Semarang, Indonesia 50229 Phonefax: +6224-858007
Page 39
3 Goal setting 4 Stress management
5 Emotion regulation 6 Attention
7 Self-efficacy based interventions 8 Understanding of group functioning
9 Mental toughness The importance of psychological regulation
In a competitive sport context, elite athletes invest considerable time and effort in effectively setting goals, developing plans, focusing their attention to execute tasks, and evaluating
their performances. As such, competiti
on outcomes are considered to be a test of “the effectiveness of the athlete’s skill in self-directed thinking and behaving” or in other words, a
test of one’s capacity to self-regulate. 3.4. Competition Routine and Coping Strategies
Athletes typically adopt performance routines in order to feel in control – both physically
and psychologically – over what they are required to do before, during, and after a sporting
act. In order to achieve a high level of proficiency in their sport, and to be optimally prepared for participating in competition, athletes should know in advance what they are
required to do during their actual performance. A performance routine has been defined as a systematic sequence of physical motor
and psychological behaviors that are demonstrated before, during, and after the execution of a sporting task.
A performance routine is an integral part of the athletes’ repertoire during the time he or she is a preparing him- or herself for the sporting act i.e., a pre
performance routine, b executing the sporting act i.e., a during performance routine, and c assessing and reacting to the way he or she performed the sporting act andor the
outcome of the act i.e., a post-performance routine An effective performance routine should include a set of overt physical behaviors
demonstrated by the athlete before he or she begins the sporting task. In addition, a good routine should include psychological elements, such as focusing
attention, in order to enable the performer to cope effectively with distractions associated with the performed act
– both external e.g., noise generated by the crowd and internal e.g., negative thoughts.
4. Effect of Psychological Service