Setiono Mangoenprasodjo, 2005. Sehat di Usia Tua. Think Fresh Setiono Mangoenprasodjo, 2004. Siapa Takut Menopause. Think Fresh

THE 3 INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON PE, SPORT HEALTH 2013 Sport Science Faculty, Semarang State University - Gd F1 Kampus Sekaran Gunungpati Semarang, Indonesia 50229 Phonefax: +6224-858007 Page 593 The majority of the sample did not fits and do not understand the process of measuring the vital capacity of the lungs. 1 Most of the samples belong to women who do not do sports when they were young Most of the samples with upper class background that used to live in luxury so do not much do physical activity when they were young. References Agus Mahendra, 1999. Senam, Jakarta: Depdikbud. Alisa Putri, 2009. Tetap Sehat di Lanjut Usia,Yogyakarta: Genius Printika. Alison Hull, MPH, RD. Terjemahan Dr Wendra Ali, 1998. Penyakit Jantung,Hipertensi dan Nutrisi. Penerbit Bumi Aksara Ardian Nugroho, 2008. Exercise For Your Health. Bandung: PT. Karya Kita Indonesia

A. Setiono Mangoenprasodjo, 2005. Sehat di Usia Tua. Think Fresh

A. Setiono Mangoenprasodjo, 2004. Siapa Takut Menopause. Think Fresh

Bompa Tudor Oleh, 1986. Theory and Methodologi Training. Dubque Lowa: KendallHunt Publishing Company Brian J. Sharkey, 1993. Kebugaran dan Kesehatan Dede Kusmana, 2002. Olahraga Bagi Kesehatan Jantung. Jakarta: Penerbit FKUI. Depdikbud, 1982. Fisiologi Olahraga. Jakarta Diknas Semarang, 2001. Panduan Senam Aerobik dan Poco-poco. Semarang Diknas Semarang, 2006. Olahraga, Untuk Orang Sehat dan Penderita Penyakit Jantung. Edisi Kedua. Jakarta: Penerbit FKUI Djoko Pekik Irianto, 2004. Pedoman Praktis Berolahraga untuk Kebugaran dan Kesehatan. Andi Offset. Yogyakarta Emma S.Wira Kusuma, 2000. Tetap Bugar di Usia Lanjut. Jakarta: Trubus Agri Widya, Anggota Ikapi Evelyn.C. Pearce, 1999. Anatomi dan Fisiologi untuk Paramedis. Jakarta: PT Elek Media Komputindo. Fig, 2005. Aerobic Gymnastic Code of Points 2005-2008. Prancis. Ganong W.J, 1998. Fisiologi Kedokteran. Jakarta: Buku Kedokteran EGC THE 3 INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON PE, SPORT HEALTH 2013 Sport Science Faculty, Semarang State University - Gd F1 Kampus Sekaran Gunungpati Semarang, Indonesia 50229 Phonefax: +6224-858007 Page 594 Guyton and Hall, 1997. Terjemahan Setiawan I,dkk. Buku Ajar Fisiologi Kedokteran.Edisi 9. Penerbit Buku Kedokteran EGC.Jakarta Hasjim Effendi, 1983. Fisiologi Kerja dan Olahraga serta Peranan Tes Kerja exercise test untuk diagnostic. Penerbit Alumni 1983. Bandung Herdin Sibuea,dkk, 2002. Riwayat Penyakit dan Pemeriksaan Jasmani. Penerbit Rineka Cipta.Jakarta Ibnu Masud, 1989. Dasar-dasar Fisiologi Kardiovaskuler. Penerbit Buku Kedokteran EGC. Jakarta Imam Hidayat, 1985. Senam dan Metodik Senam Irama. Jakarta: PT. Dulang Mas Kerta Imam Ghozali, 2005. Aplikasi Analisis Multivariate dengan Program SPSS. Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro Semarang Jan Takasihaeng, DGS, 2000. Hidup Sehat di Usia Lanjut. Penerbit Harian Kompas: Jakarta John. F Knight, 1989. 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THE 3 INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON PE, SPORT HEALTH 2013 Sport Science Faculty, Semarang State University - Gd F1 Kampus Sekaran Gunungpati Semarang, Indonesia 50229 Phonefax: +6224-858007 Page 595 Siti Maryam, dkk, 2008. Mengenal Usia Lanjut dan Perawatannya. Penerbit Salemba Medika. Sugiyanto KS, 2004. Fisiologi Olahraga. Semarang: FIK UNNES. Sudjana, 2005. Metoda Statitika. Bandung: Tarsito. Sutrisno Hadi, 1996. Statistik II. Yogyakarta. Andi Offset. Suharsimi Arikunto, 1992. Prosedur Penelitian Suatu Pendekatan Praktis. Jakarta. Rineka Cipta. Suharsimi Arikunto, 2002. Prosedur Penelitian. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta Saryono, 2008. Metodologi Penelitian Kesehatan. Penerbit : Mitra Cendikia Press: Jogjakarta Syaifudin, 1997. Anatomi Fisiologi. Jakarta. Buku Kedokteran EGC Tjaliek Soegiardo, 1992. Ilmu Faal PGSD. Penjas IKIP Semarang.PKK Toho Cholik Mutohir, 2004. Pengkajian Sport Development Indek SDI . Surabaya: Penerbit Departemen Pendidikan Nasional dan Universitas Negeri Surabaya. Toho Cholik Mutohir, 2007. Sport Development Indek Konsep Metodologi dan Aplikasi . Penerbit : PT. Indeks. THE 3 INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON PE, SPORT HEALTH 2013 Sport Science Faculty, Semarang State University - Gd F1 Kampus Sekaran Gunungpati Semarang, Indonesia 50229 Phonefax: +6224-858007 Page 596 Protein Adequacy in students of sports science Faculty of Jakarta State University Mansur Jauhari Jakarta State University manjaugizgmail.com Abstract Protein is needed for growth, development, muscle formation, the formation of red blood cells, the bodys defense against diseases, enzymes and hormones, and the synthesis of other body tissues. This study uses descriptive research, survey method and questionnaire as a tool collector. Food consumption data were collected using 24- hour recall method. The research was conducted in FIK UNJ, by the time the study was conducted in October 2012. The study population was all students FIK UNJ. Sampling technique with random sampling with the number of respondents is 60 people. Data collected in this study are: a the type of food consumed during the 24 hours, b.The amount of food consumed during the 24 hours, c Weight. Results from this study is that the normal level of protein intake was 61.66 , 11.66 mild deficiency, 18.3 moderate deficiency and severe deficiency levels of 8.33 . Keyword : Protein, Intake Protein, Protein Adequacy Introduction Food is a vital necessity required by all living organisms. For human food not only serves to feed, but more importantly the functions in maintaining health through the benefits of the nutrients contained in them. To obtain optimal health, need to know the composition of the food was good quality and amount of food that should be eaten. Knowledge of nutrition has an important role in the formation of ones eating habits, because this will affect someone in selecting the type and amount of food consumed. Protein is needed for growth, development, muscle formation, the formation of red blood cells, the bodys defense against diseases, enzymes and hormones, and the synthesis of other body tissues. Protein is digested into amino acids, which then formed the body of protein in muscle and other tissues. Proteins can serve as an energy source when carbohydrates are consumed at a time is not sufficient as strict dieting or physical exercise time intensive. Instead, approximately 15 of total calories consumed from protein. Protein from the food we eat everyday can be derived from animal or vegetable. Protein derived from animal sources such as meat, fish, chicken, eggs, milk, and other so- called animal protein, while protein derived from plants such as beans, tempeh, and tofu called vegetable protein. Previously, animal proteins are considered higher quality than plant protein, because it contains amino acids that is more complete. But the results of recent research proves that quality can be as high quality vegetable protein animal protein, as long as the daily diet varied. With a diverse array dish or sometimes referred to THE 3 INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON PE, SPORT HEALTH 2013 Sport Science Faculty, Semarang State University - Gd F1 Kampus Sekaran Gunungpati Semarang, Indonesia 50229 Phonefax: +6224-858007 Page 597 as a balanced diet, then the lack of amino acid food which one, can be covered by excess amino acids from other foods. So with the dish: rice or replacement, side dishes, vegetables, and fruits, especially when added to milk , the composition is a healthy dish. Not only the number or quality of nutrients that we need adequate, but also the quality of the nutrients we consume high quality. In lectures students FIK UNJ lot of physical activity in the field of work that requires a lot of muscle and should have good endurance. With adequate protein consumption growth and repair of muscle tissue that wear out, hormone production, and replace the red blood cells that die with new ones can run well. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of protein intake of students FIK UNJ. Research Methods This study uses descriptive research, the method of survey on the population and respondents using a questionnaire as a means of collecting. Food consumption data were collected using 24- hour recall method. Location and time study The research was conducted at the Faculty of Sport Science, State University of Jakarta, by the time the study was conducted in October 2012 Population and Sample The study population was all students of the Faculty of Sport Science, State University of Jakarta, which consists of three departments namely the Department of Sport Performance, Department of Education and the Department of Sports Recreation Sports college status is still active. Sampling technique with random sampling in which the sample is taken at random without regard to existing strata in the population. The samples are randomly drawn students from various majors in simple UNJ FIK by the number of respondents by 60 people. Research Instruments The instrument used to collect data in this study is a way of questionnaires that contain multiple items : a. Type of food consumed during the 24 hours b. The amount of food consumed during the 24 hours c. Weight Data Analysis Data were analyzed descriptively, food consumption data is translated into the form of nutrients protein. Nutrient content of food consumed was calculated using the List of Food Composition DKBM, the level of nutritional adequacy is calculated based on Recommended Daily allowances RDA is recommended in Indonesia. Results and Discussion The average consumption of protein FIK UNJ Students are 63.45 grams, while the rate of protein consumption can be seen in THE 3 INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON PE, SPORT HEALTH 2013 Sport Science Faculty, Semarang State University - Gd F1 Kampus Sekaran Gunungpati Semarang, Indonesia 50229 Phonefax: +6224-858007 Page 598 Table 1. From Table 1 it is known that the normal level of protein consumption is 61.66 , which is in deficiency rate 11.66 mild, moderate deficiency was 18.3 and the severe is 8.33 . Food sources of protein consumed daily comes from animal or vegetable. Protein derived from animal consumed is meat, fish, chicken, eggs, milk, while vegetable protein is frequently consumed rice, beans, tempeh, and tofu. Table 1 Protein Adequacy in students of sports science Faculty of Jakarta State University o Protein Adequacy Category Amount 90-119 of the RDA Normal 37 61,66 80-89 of the RDA Mild deficiency 7 11,66 70-79 of the RDA Moderate deficiency 11 18.33 . 70 of the RDA Severe deficiency 5 8.33 Amount 60 100 From Table 1 it is known that there are still around 38 of respondents who experienced a lack of protein in the daily diet. The amount of protein consumed food containing less than recommended. In lectures students FIK UNJ lot of physical activity in the field of work that requires a lot of muscle and should have good endurance. With adequate protein consumption growth and repair of muscle tissue that wear out, hormone production, and replace the red blood cells that die with new ones can run well. When protein intake below the recommended sufficiency this can have a negative effect. The bodys ability to fight infection depends on its ability to produce antibodies against specific organisms that cause infection or against foreign substances that enter the body to form antibodies protein is absolutely necessary, if the person is deficient in protein antibodies in the body will decrease. This can result in a person being sick more easily. Stamina is one of the important factors that strongly support the achievement, good stamina can only be obtained when taking nutrients as needed. Proteins form part of the structure of every cell and tissue in the body, including muscle tissue , internal organs, tendons, skin, hair and nails. Protein, composed of about 20 of the total adult body weight. Protein is needed for growth and formation of new tissue, to repair tissues and to regulate metabolic channels, and may also be required to make almost all of the enzymes and many hormones such as adrenaline and insulin and neurotransmitters. Protein has a role in maintaining optimal fluid balance in the tissues, transport nutrients in and out of cells, carrying oxygen and regulate blood clotting. THE 3 INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON PE, SPORT HEALTH 2013 Sport Science Faculty, Semarang State University - Gd F1 Kampus Sekaran Gunungpati Semarang, Indonesia 50229 Phonefax: +6224-858007 Page 599 There are 20 amino acids that form a protein. Amino acids can be combined in various ways to form hundreds of different proteins in the body. When protein is consumed, the protein will be breakdown in the digestive tract into smaller molecules that single amino acid unit and a dipeptide two amino acids linked together Or adding muscle growth is only possible only when there is enough corresponding amino acid mixture including for maintenance and repairs. When muscle protein deficiency cannot be well formed, whereas in the lecture students FIK requires muscle work, especially lectures motion. Body proteins are in a dynamic state, which in turn are broken down and re-synthesized. Every day as many as 3 of the total protein is in this altered state. Intestinal wall every 4-6 days to be replaced, requiring the synthesis of 70 grams of protein every day. The body is very efficient in maintaining the existing protein and amino acids reuse derived from the breakdown of tissue to rebuild the same tissue or another tissue. Man must obtain protein intake every day, because the body does not store protein reserves. If you do not eat foods containing protein at all, can damage body tissue protein. Ti ssue protein found in the body’s muscles, enzymes, neurotransmitters, and the muscles of internal organs, like the heart. Damage to body tissue protein, can lead to protein in the blood go down and cannot be reshaped by the liver. As a result, the liquid cannot be maintained in the form of blood, and a leak. Protein is the main component of the enzyme, while the body cannot function properly without the enzyme. The enzyme has a time limit expired, and must be replaced every day. If there is no protein in the body that is used to form the vital enzymes, the body will take protein from body tissues. This is what causes the bodys tissues become damaged. Many studies involving both endurance and strength training has been shown that the current recommended protein intake was 0.75 g kg body weight day is not enough for the people who participate in regular exercise or sport. need extra protein to compensate for the increased protein breakdown during and immediately after exercise, and facilitate the improvement and growth. Exercise triggers the activation of the main enzymes of amino acid oxidation in muscle, which is then used as a fuel source. the greater the intensity of exercise and the longer the duration of the exercise, the more protein is broken down for fuel . Conclusions and Suggestions Conclusions The conclusion from this study is that normal levels of protein consumption is 61.66 , which is in deficiency rate 11.66 mild, moderate deficiency was 18.3 and the deficiency severe is 8.33 . Food sources of protein consumed daily comes from animal or vegetable. THE 3 INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON PE, SPORT HEALTH 2013 Sport Science Faculty, Semarang State University - Gd F1 Kampus Sekaran Gunungpati Semarang, Indonesia 50229 Phonefax: +6224-858007 Page 600 Suggestion Expected to have continued research on the factors that influence student food consumption FIK UNJ References Almatsier, S. 2003. Prinsip Dasar Ilmu Gizi. Jakarta. PT Gramedia Astawan, Made. 2004. Kiat Menjaga tubuh Tetap sehat. Solo. Tiga Serangkai. Bean, Anita. 2010. Sports Nutrition. Published by A C Black Publishers Ltd 36 Soho Square. London. Irianto, K. 2004. Gizi dan Pola Hidup sehat. Bandung. Yrama Widya. Notoatmodjo, S. 2007. Kesehatan Masyarakat Ilmu dan Seni. Jakarta. Rineka Cipta. Syafiq, A. 2007. Gizi dan Kesehatan Masyarakat. Jakarta. PT Raja Grafindo Persada. THE 3 INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON PE, SPORT HEALTH 2013 Sport Science Faculty, Semarang State University - Gd F1 Kampus Sekaran Gunungpati Semarang, Indonesia 50229 Phonefax: +6224-858007 Page 601 The Development of Yoga Asanas, Pranayamas, and Mudras to Increase Exercise Adherence among Diabetes Mellitus Patients Novita Intan Arovah, Ch Fajar Sri Wahyuniati, Erlina Listyorini Yogyakarta State University intanarovahgmail.com ABSTRACT Currently, a few exercise models have been introduced to diabetic patients however, they have relatively low exercise adherence EA. Yoga provides aerobic, balance and strengthening training which is beneficial to diabetic patients. It also stimulates relaxation which comforts diabetic patients thus potential to increase the EA. This research aims to developed Yoga model for diabetic patients based on theoretical concept and patient`s responses to increase EA. This research consists of three phases including 1 the development of the model, 2 expert validation and 3 patient’s responses trial. Twenty five diabetic patients 13 females and 12 males were invited to join once a week Yoga session for 8 weeks. They were asked to rate the Yoga model based on 1 comfort, 2 aesthetics and 3 safety aspects on the scale of 1 to 10 10 represents highest satisfactory level. In addition, the participation rate was assessed. A yoga model had been developed and validated by three experts on exercise therapy, endocrinology and exercise modelling. The percentage of subjects participated in eight weeks session was 95,5. The average rating for aesthetic, comfort and safety aspects were 8.9, 7.4 and 7,5 respectively. In conclusion, the Yoga model developed in this research is validated by the expert, perceived relatively well by subject and yields on a high participation rate. Keywords: Yoga, Diabetes Mellitus INTRODUCTION Diabetes mellitus DM is the condition in which the level of blood sugar is increasing due to the insulin malfunctions Alberti and Zimmet 1998 . Clinically, the increase level of blood sugar stimulates the serious complication in blood vessels angiopati and nerves neuropati thus DM potentials to disrupt almost all of the organsFulop, Tessier et al. 2006. Statistically, DM has a quite high morbidity and mortality, it is estimated that at 2030 Indonesia will have the highest number of diabetes in the world. This potentially increase Indonesian burden of diseases Reusch 2002. Exercise is one of the integral parts of DM management along with education,diet and pharmacology therapy Womack, Nagelkirk et al. 2003. Unfortunately many DM patients do not conduct appropiate exercise based on the altest research finding. As the illustration, the model of the diabetes exercise that was developed in Indonesia in the period in the 1990 s took the form of Senam Diabetes Indonesia only incorporate aerobik technique. Meanwhile, several recent researches showes that the use of the technique aerobik is not sufficient in THE 3 INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON PE, SPORT HEALTH 2013 Sport Science Faculty, Semarang State University - Gd F1 Kampus Sekaran Gunungpati Semarang, Indonesia 50229 Phonefax: +6224-858007 Page 602 controlling the level of blood sugar. The technique should be combined with the strengthening exercise resistant training that stimulated the sceletal muscle. The muscle subsequently will produce cytokins IL 3 and IL 6 that play roles in the increase in the sensitivity of insulin Womack, Nagelkirk et al. 2003. Furthermore the strengthening exercise increases the muscle mass therefore increase the capacity of glycogen savings which helps regulating blood sugar. Another problem in conducting execise in DM is that the exercise should be conducted regularly. Therefore the exercise model should interest the subjects and yields a high exercise adherence. Yoga is the practice of the physical activity that came from India since 4000 years ago Desikachar 2010. Several kinds of yogas are practiced to increased wellbeing. Among them are asanas postural, pranayama control of the breath, dharana concentration, and mudras finger gesture Bijlani, Vempati et al. 2005. Asanas yoga provides combined aerobik, ressistant and balance training therefore potential to control the level of blood sugar Malhotra, Singh et al. 2005. Pranayamas and mudras are also potential to improve neural and vascular health of DM patients Sahay 2007. Yoga also provides relaxation which potentials to increase exercise adherence. This research aims to develop yoga exercise model which potential to control blood sugar and yield on the a high exercise adherence among the DM patients. METHODS The methods of this research comprised three main stages which were Desaigning, Validating and Reception Test.