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2. Post-Design Instrument
In post-design instrument, the writer only used questionnaire as the instrument. The questionnaires were distributed to three English lecturers of
Sanata Dharma and two Kanisius Notoyudan’s English instructors after the writer designed the materials. The questionnaires were used to evaluate the designed
materials. Their suggestions and advice would be used as the consideration to revise the designed materials.
There were two parts of the questionnaire. The first part was to obtain the information about respondents’ identity. The second part is about the respondents’
opinion on the designed materials to make some improvements.
D. Data Gathering
The writer obtained the experience and general teaching learning condition in the elementary school especially in the second grade, students’ need,
difficulties and interest from the result of pre-design questionnaires for ten elementary school instructors, interviewed with two second grade of Kanisius
Notoyudan elementary school instructors’ and class observation. It was combined
with Task-Based Learning to design the materials. The data of the designed materials evaluation which were contained
opinions, ideas, feedback and suggestions about the designed materials were gathered from the designed materials evaluation questionnaire which was
distributed to the lecturers of the English Language Education Study Program and
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the Kanisius Notoyudan’s English instructors. It was used to improve the designed materials.
E. Data Analysis
Data analysis is a process of organizing, ordering and summarizing the data into patterns or categories in such a way in order to arrive at the result and
conclusions of the research. In analyzing the data, the writer divided the survey into two different parts. They were pre-design as the needs survey and post-design
as the evaluation of the designed materials.
1. Pre-design as the Needs Survey
In the pre-design, the data obtained were used as the base in designing the materials. There were two kinds of data obtained from the pre-design; those are
the result of the pre-design questionnaire and the result of the interview with two instructors of the second grade of Kanisius Notoyudan elementary school. The
classroom observation was used to give the writer experience in teaching children. The data from pre-design questionnaire were analyzed descriptively by
counting the number of respondents who chose the items listed. Then the result was put into a table. Then, the data were employed as the base to determine the
materials for the second grade of Kanisius Notoyudan elementary school. The table 3.1 is the table for the result of questionnaire of needs survey.
Table 3.1 the Result of the Questionnaire of Needs Survey blank
Questions Response and
reason Number
Percentage
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The data obtained from the informal interview with two instructors of the second grade of Kanisius Notoyudan elementary school were also put into table.
The table 3.2 is used to show the result of informal interview.
Table 3.2 the Result of Informal Interview blank
No Information
2. Post-design as the evaluation of the designed materials.
In analyzing the data in the post-design survey, descriptive statistics was chosen. The data from the closed-form questionnaire were analyzed to evaluate, to
revise and to improve the designed materials. The subjects were directed to select the response that best represents their
reaction to each statement. In assessing the respondents’ opinions on the designed materials, the writer used five point scales of agreements.
1: if the respondents strongly disagree with the statement 2: if the respondents disagree with the statement
3: if the respondents neither agree nor disagree, or doubt 4: if the respondents agree
5: if the respondents strongly agree
The data were presented in the form of a table that consisted of the respondents’ opinions on the statements, number of respondents, the mean, the
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median, and the mode were included. The table of the descriptive statistics of the respondents’ opinions on the designed materials is shown in the table 3.3
Table 3.3 the Descriptive Statistics of Respondents’ Opinions Blank
Central Tendency No Respondents’
opinions on N Mean
Notes:
N: Number of cases; the number of the respondents Mn: Mean, indicates of the central tendency of the of scores
The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics to find out the mean. According to Best 1970: 225 mean M is the average point X which is
obtained by counting the sum of the score ΣX then it is divided by the number of
the subjects N. The formula is:
X =
N X
∑
Where X
: The average points Σ X : The sum of the scores
N : The number of subjects.
From the respondents’ degrees of agreement in the questionnaire, the writer determined the average score or mean. The total mean from all of the respondents
was used to show whether the designed materials were good and acceptable or not. The assessment of the mean was classified as follows:
1 – 2 : The designed materials were not good and not acceptable
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2.1 – 3 : The designed materials needed revisions 3.1 – 4 : The designed materials were good and acceptable
F. Research Procedures
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