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Learning. The materials hopefully provide activities and tasks that are suitable with the mental growth of children in the second grade of elementary school. The
second grade of Kanisius Notoyudan elementary school students are chosen, since this school starts to teach English in the kindergarten level. To know the students’
needs, interests, difficulties, and also abilities that should be developed, the writer distributed questionnaires to ten English instructors who teach young learners in
the elementary school from the first up to third grades, interviewed English instructors to gather information about their way to teach and did class
observation to get the experience in teaching young learners in the second grade of elementary school.
D. Problem Formulation
Dealing with designing the English instructional materials for teaching English vocabulary to the second grade of elementary school using Task-Based
Instruction, the problems in this study can be formulated as follows: 1.
How is a set of vocabulary instructional materials using Task-Based Learning for the second grade of Kanisius Notoyudan elementary
school students designed? 2.
What does the designed set of vocabulary instructional materials using Task-Based Learning for the second grade of Kanisius Notoyudan
elementary school students look like?
E. Research Objectives
This research is conducted to answer the questions stated in the problem formulation. The objectives of this research are:
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1. To find out the way how to design a set of instructional vocabulary
materials using Task-Based Learning that is suitable for the second grade of Kanisius Notoyudan elementary school students.
2. To design the instructional vocabulary materials using Task-Based
Learning that is suitable for the second grade of Kanisius Notoyudan elementary school students.
F. Research Benefits
This research is expected to give clear answers to the problems stated in the problem formulation. Hopefully, it will also give some benefits especially for:
1. Children in the second grade of elementary school
As a local content, it will help them know English earlier. The designed materials are hopefully to give them new experience in
learning English especially in improving their vocabulary mastery so that they will be ready to learn English in the higher level.
2. Second Grade of Elementary School Teachers
Teachers who are likely to be involved in teaching English may consider it as their reference. It can be used as an alternative to teach
English to their students. 3.
Other researchers The researcher expects that this designed materials will be useful for
those who want to do similar research, they can use it as their references.
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G. Definitions of Terms
1. Vocabulary According to Hornby in the Oxford Advanced Learners’ Dictionary of
Current English 1991:461, vocabulary is the total number of words that make up
a language and list of words with their meaning especially which accompanies a textbook in a foreign language. In this study, vocabulary refers to the list of words
which closely relates to the children’s daily life. 2. Instructional Materials Design
Walter and Reiser 1989, 62 -67 state that the instructional materials design is as a system which consists of sub-systems to support the overall goal of
a system. In this study, instructional materials design means a process that consists of interrelated parts to the achieve goals.
3. Elementary School Peraturan Pemerintah
No. 28 Tahun 1990 states that elementary school is a unit form of basic education which runs a six-year education program. In this
study, elementary school is defined as a unit form of basic education where the students have their first formal and compulsory education.
4. Second Grade of Elementary School Students Second grade of elementary school students means the learners who
occupy the second level or class based on their ability and age. In this study, second grade of elementary school students means children who study in the
second level of their first formal education level.
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5. Task-Based Learning Task-Based Learning is one of the developments of communicative
approach which takes task as the central in a supportive methodological framework Willis, 1996: 1. In this study, Task-Based Learning is used as a
method to facilitate students in learning process through the use of various tasks.
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CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW
