Olenka’s Sorrow Influences on Olenka’s Behavior

to sleep alone without her husband. Olenka worries because always thinks about her husband, Kukin, who goes away to finish his job. When her husband goes to Moscow, Olenka always waits for him, because Kukin has promised to come back at Easter. But, Olenka receives a telegram which tells that Ivan Petrovitch, who is usually called Kukin, passed away p.181. Olenka is shocked to hear that bad news. The telegram does not explain the reason of her husband’s death, and it causes an anxiety in her. Olenka lives in her sadness. The deprivation of her husband’s love affects her. As stated by Hurlock, the effect of deprivation of love to the human physical can be seen in listlessness, emaciation, quietness, general apathy, and psychosomatic illness 210-214. The effect of deprivation of love can be shown in Olenka’s groan as follows: “My darling” sobbed Olenka. “Vanca, my precious, my darling Why did I ever meet you Why did I know you and love you Your poor heart-broken Olenka is alone without you” p.181. After Olenka comes back from Moscow to attend Kukin’s funeral, she gets indoors, she throws herself on her bed and sobs so loudly that it can be heard next door, and in the street p.181. Olenka lives in suffering, always cries and her face looks gloomy, and she also never knows the reason why her husband passed away. Her sorrow which is explained in the previous paragraph also shows that she is in depression. Kalish says that someone who feels that everything is going wrong, that nothing matters, that person is in depression 171. In Olenka’s sadness caused by the death of Kukin, her first husband, Olenka is entertained by Pustovalov, who works as a manager of Babakayev’s, the timber merchant’s. Pustovalov tries to make her resolute in facing the fact of Kukin’s death. “Everything happens as it ordained, Olga Semyovnovna,” he said gravely, with a sympathetic note in his voice; “and if any of our dear ones die, it must be because it is the will of God, so we ought to have fortitude and bear it submissively” p.181. Pustovalov’s attention makes Olenka fall in love with him, and then they are married. But once again, the happiness of Olenka’s life does not last long. Pustovalov has to go away to Mogilev district to buy wood. The trip of Pustovalov makes Olenka live in sorrow. Here, she loses love and affection in her life. She misses him dreadfully, lays awake and cries p.182. Olenka’s pain to live alone without the existence of her husband pours out through her crying. Olenka’s sorrow shows that she is in inadequate emotional control, as what Kalish says that someone who is crying, being frightened, and getting angry far out proportion of actual stimuli, that person is in inadequate emotional control 171. Here, Olenka’s behavior which pours out her sense of loneliness through crying also shows her unhappiness and tension as one symptom of non-normal behavior as stated by Kalish 171. After Pustovalov comes back from his trip, Pustovalov and Olenka live in happy home life with loving each other. But suddenly, Pustovalov is sick and his doctor cannot handle his illness, and then Pustovalov passed away. But behold One winter day after drinking hot tea in the office, Vassily Andreritch went out into the yard without his cap on to see about sending off some timber, caught cold and was taken ill. He has the best doctors, but he grew worse and died after four months’ illness. And Olenka was a widow once more p.183. The death of Pustovalov, her second husband, makes Olenka feel lonely. She feels that her life is not complete, because she always does all things together with her husband. The loneliness brings sorrow for her. She thinks that she will live in difficulty because there is no husband in her side. Her feeling is supported by the statement of Harvey, that when people experience a loss, people often experience a sense of missing something very important, a sense of incompletion, on feeling of disappointed 2. The sorrow of Olenka can be shown from her behavior which is crying while uttering her feeling of loneliness as follows: “I’ve nobody, now you’ve left me, my darling,” she sobs, after her husband’s funeral. “How can I live without you, in wretchedness and misery Pity me, good people, all alone in the world” p.183 Olenka’s utterance above shows her anxiety to live alone without her husband. That condition shows that Olenka experiences symptoms of non-normal in her behavior. As stated by Kalish, Olenka’s worrying about her life after the death of her husband shows that Olenka is in appropriate worry and fear. Her sadness of the loss of someone whom she loves shows her inadequate emotional control, and her utterance that assumes herself as a person who suffers caused by the death of her husband shows that she is in unhappiness and tension 171. In Olenka’s sorrow, she is entertained by Vladimir Platonitch or Smirnin who works as veterinary surgeon. Smirnin and her ex-wife entrust their boy, Sasha, to Olenka’s care. Olenka has been recovered from her sadness. But the sorrow comes again when Sasha has to come back to his mother. Olenka is sad and she feels the absence of love. She is in despair. She feels as the unhappiest woman in the world p.186. The paragraph above shows her unhappiness and tension because she thinks as the unhappiest person in the world and thinks the world as difficult and tense place without Sasha. Her behavior shows that she is not happy because Sasha leaves her. She loses a love and affection from Sasha, whom she loves as her own son. The sorrow, which is experienced by Olenka after she is left by people whom she loves and who love her, shows that there are needs in her life which are not fulfilled completely. The needs that are not fulfilled completely are the needs of love and belonging. As what Kalish quoted, Maslow defines that belonging and love needs include motives such as love and affection, and if we do not satisfy those needs, Maslow believes that psychological problems may develop 44.

c. Olenka’s Unfriendliness

Her loneliness also shows the changes in her behavior towards her surrounding. Olenka shows her bad attitude to the environment. She is not friendly to everything, not only to a person. It can be seen when she snaps at her black kitten, Briska: “Get along, I don’t want you p.184” Olenka shows her bad attitude to her kitten because Olenka feels that she does not need that kitten. She needs someone to rely on, not her kitten. Her behavior shows her effort to adjust herself towards the problem she faces. According to Carroll, Olenka’s behavior shows identification, in which she establishes a strong emotional with another person, a group of persons, or an institution, and then achieves his satisfactions at least in part, by proxy, basking in reflected glory 220. Although kitten is not a human, Olenka’s attitude shows her strong emotional which can be identified as her way to adjust herself from unpleasant reality.

d. Olenka’s Carelessness of Herself

Olenka grows to love Smirnin, a man who entertains Olenka from the sadness caused by the death of Pustovalov, her second husband. But this happiness does not last long. The veterinary surgeon departs with his regiment, when it is transferred to a distant place to Siberia. And Olenka is left alone p.184. Olenka is very sad to be separated with Smirnin, a man who cares about her after she loses Pustovalov. Olenka becomes lonely again and her sadness affects her behavior. After Smirnin leaves her, Olenka’s appearance is not as well as before. She becomes thinner like a person who suffers from something. When people meet her in the street, they do not smile or address her. Here, her behavior shows that she does not care about herself. Olenka becomes a person who is not interesting. Even, people look strangely to Olenka. She got thinner and plainer, and when people met her in the street they did not looked at her as they used to, and did not smile to her; evidently her best years were over and left behind, and now a new sort of life had begun for her, which did not bear thinking about p.184. Her change above shows her way to adjust herself from her suffering caused by the trip of Smirnin to Siberia. Here, she shows rationalization, as what Carroll defines that rationalization involves the process of devising socially