Anton Chekhov, A Rose for Emily by William Faulkner, and The Horse Dealer’s Daughter by D. H. Lawrence.
The writer was interested in the problem existed in those short stories and tried to analyze those short stories. The writer decided to use three short stories to
make the result of the study more accurate. The writer decided to discuss about the influence of the absence of love towards the main characters’ behavior.
The second step was gathering information about the literary works from related literature books. From those books, the writer found some information
about the definition of character and characterization would be used to analyze the main characters.
The third step was analyzing the three short stories by focusing the point of view using the psychological approach. The psychological approach and theory
were used to analyze the main characters and made the analysis to answer the problems formulated in this study.
The fourth step was looking for and reading books on psychology, especially to find the theory of human needs, deprivation of love, death and loss, coping
stress, adjustment mechanism, and symptoms of non-normal, which supported the analysis of the problems formulated. The writer also used the information from
the internet as additional sources for the study. In the last step, the writer answered two problems formulated in chapter one,
and then made a conclusion based on the analysis of the study by comparing the writer’s own analysis with the theory of literature and the theory of psychology.
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CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS
In this chapter, the writer discusses the answers to the problem formulation. This chapter is divided into two main parts. The first part is the
discussion on the characteristics of Olenka, Emily, and Mabel as the main characters. The second part deals with the influences of the absence of love
towards the main characters’ behavior.
A. The Characters’ Traits of Olenka, Emily, and Mabel as the Main Characters
In this part, the writer explores the characteristics of Olenka, Emily, and Mabel as the main characters by using Murphy’s theory of character and
characterization. The theory consists of nine ways to identify the character. The writer uses Murphy’s theory to understand the character in detail.
1. Olenka’s Characteristics as Described in The Darling
Olenka is the main character in The Darling. She appears continuously, so she dominates the whole story.
a. Social Traits
Olenka is the daughter of Plemyanniakov, a collegiate assessor, who has retired. Olenka marries to her neighbor named Kukin. He is the manager of Tivoli,
an open-air theatre. Because of Kukin’s death, Olenka marries to a man named Pustovalov. Pustovalov works as a manager of Babakayev’s, the timber
merchants. But unfortunately, Pustovalov is sick and then he dies, and Olenka becomes a widow once more. After the death of Pustovalov, Olenka meets a
veterinary surgeon named Vladimir Platonitch or is usually called Smirnin. He abandons his young son, Sasha, to Olenka’s care.
b. Physical Appearance
Olenka is an interesting woman. Olenka is in good health. She looks beautiful with her rosy cheeks. The author also explains that Olenka has beautiful
eyes. Olenka’s smile and mole on her neck makes her more interesting as a woman. The author shows Olenka’s physical appearance directly as follows:
She was a gentle, soft-hearted, compassionate girl, with mild, tender eyes and very good health. At the sight of her fully rosy cheeks, her soft white
neck with a little dark mole on it, and the kind, naive smile, which came into her face when she listened to anything pleasant p.179.
The statement above shows that Olenka is an attractive woman. Keeping in healthy proves that Olenka is a person who cares about herself.
c. Personality traits 1. Easily falls in love with a man
Olenka falls in love with her first husband, Kukin, because she has an excessive attention to him. She respects Kukin and with all the things he does.
Sometimes Olenka cannot sleep at night because she adores and thinks about Kukin. Kukin’s bad luck in life makes Olenka care about him. It can be shown
when Kukin shares his misfortunes in his job with Olenka. Olenka listens to Kukin with silent gravity, and sometimes tears come into her eyes. His
