analyze how love in each main character gives contribution in their life as one of their needs. Theory of deprivation of love helps the writer in analyzing the effects
of deprivation of love which have been reported to human physical, social, and emotional. Theory of death and loss helps the writer to analyze the death of
someone which affects the main characters’ behavior. In answering the second question in the problem formulation, the writer
also uses the theory of coping stress by Morris, theory of adjustment mechanism by Carroll, and theory of symptoms of non-normal behavior by Kalish. Theory of
coping stress helps the writer to analyze the effects of the absence of love in the main characters’ behavior as a way to defend themselves from stress they
experience. Theory of adjustment mechanism helps the writer to analyze the main characters’ behavior after experience the absence of love in her life to adjust
themselves from the problem they face. Theory of symptoms of non-normal behavior guides the writer in analyzing the influences on the main characters’
behavior, after they experience the absence of love in their life, which are included in the symptoms of non-normal behavior.
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CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY
In this chapter, the writer discusses about the methodology used in writing this thesis. This part is divided into three major parts. They are subject matter,
approach of the study, and method of the study. The first part, subject matter, deals with the subject and data used in this study. The second part, approach of the
study, deals with the literary approach that the writer applied in analyzing the three short stories. The last part, method of the study, deals with the sources that
the writer used in analyzing the study and the procedures of conducting this study.
A. Subject Matter
In this study, the writer discussed three short stories of three different authors. The first short story is The Darling by Anton Chekhov, the second is A
Rose for Emily by William Faulkner, and the last is The Horse Dealer’s Daughter by D. H. Lawrence. Those three short stories were compiled in the book entitled
Fiction 50, An Introduction to the Short Story by James H. Pickering. Macmillan Publishing Company in New York published the book for the first time at 1993.
The Darling by Anton Chekhov consists of nine pages, from page 179 until page 187. A Rose for Emily by William Faulkner consists of seven pages, from page
307 until page 313. The Horse Dealer’s Daughter by D. H. Lawrence consists of twelve pages, from page 467 until page 478.
Those three short stories were selected based on the consideration that they portray some different influences of the absence of love on the main characters’
life. Chekhov’s The Darling is a story about a woman who always needs someone
to rely on, so when there is no person who accompanies her, her orientation in life becomes nothing. Faulkner’s A Rose for Emily tells about a life of a woman who
has lost her father and her sweet heart because of the death. Lawrence’s The Horse Dealer’s Daughter is a story about a woman whose parents passed away
and then she should live only with her brothers who do not care about her. She needs someone who can give her the love and affection.
B. Approach of the Study
In this study, the writer used the psychological approach. The psychological approach helped the writer to answer the second question in the problem
formulation to analyze how the absence of love influences the main characters’ behavior. The writer should find out the influences of the absence of love on the
main characters’ behavior after they lose their love, which are shown in their action, thought, and feeling. The writer applied the psychological approach when
analyzing the power of the absence of love in influencing the main characters’ behavior.
There were some reasons why the writer used the psychological approach in analyzing the problems. First, the writer could use the psychological approach to
analyze how the absence of love influences human behavior. Second, the psychological approach helped the writer to observe the main characters’ behavior
