The Natural Order Hypothesis

From what is known about language acquisition in the explanations above, it can be concluded that 1 acquisition is more important than learning, 2 people acquire language by receiving a comprehensible input and with optimal attitudes, and 3 the inputs can be provided primarily by listening to other people‘s speech, either directly or through media like television programs, songs, movies, etc. This section will briefly discuss how other factors can affect language acquisition. There are four factors, namely language teaching, exposure, age, and acculturation. a Language teaching in the classroom can help acquisition as long as comprehensible input is provided and the condition allows optimal attitudes. b Exposure does not necessarily mean acquisition. Trying to expose oneself to a language does not guarantee the person acquisition if the input is not comprehensible. It should be noted, however, that the higher amount of exposure grants more chance of comprehensible input to be available. c The younger is not always the better. Children seem to acquire faster than adults because the inputs that they receive are relatively simpler, hence more comprehensible. d Acculturation may allow people to adapt to the language community and get comprehensible input. A good relationship between the learner and the community may also provide low affective filter. 32

C. Movie-watching Activity

1. General Views on Movies

According to Barsam and Monahan, a movie is a story, captured in a set of celluloid stripsfilms, which are shown on a screen with certain speed to give the impression of moving. 33 Lately a lot of moviemakers have been shooting their movies digitally, but the main characteristic of movies remains the same; a movie or a film is a ‗motion picture‘. Movies have been a big part of human life. Barsam 32 Ibid., pp. 32 – 49. 33 Richard Barsam and Dave Monahan, Looking at Movies: An Introduction to Film, New York: W.W. Norton Company, 2010, 3 rd edition, pp. 2 – 3.