Population and Sample of the Study
h. The listeners can understand better if they are familiar with the situation or
culture in which the speechutterance takes place. Joan Rubin 3
Developing the Indicators and Creating Items After the conceptual and operational design had been established, the
indicators were developed Table 3.1 and the items were created Appendix 4.
Table 3.1 The Development of the Indicators
Aspects Indicators
Item numbers Total
Language Acquisition
The respondents’ listening skill improves unconsciously because
they watch movies 5, 6 ,7
3 items Comprehensible
Input The respondents can understand
the story and the language in the movies that they watch
8, 9, 10, 11, 12 5 items
Exposure The respondents watch movies
frequently 1, 2, 3
3 items Attitudes
The respondents have a positive feeling when they watch movies
20 1 item
Subtitle Use The respondents watch English
movies without using subtitle 4
1 item Familiarity with
Spoken Language
The respondents can identify the characteristics of spoken
language in the movies that they watch
13, 14, 15, 16 4 items
Familiarity with Situation and
Culture The respondents can understand
the language used in the movie because they are familiar with
the situation in the story 19
1 item The respondents can understand
the language used in the movie because they are familiar with
the culture shown in the story 18
1 item
Visual Clues The respondents can understand
the language used in the movie because of the help from the
visual elements 17
1 item TOTAL
20 items
4 Testing the Validity of Questionnaire
Before the questionnaire was administered to the respondents, it was pilot- tested to 22 English Education students from the ninth semester. The pilot test was
done in order to decide whether the items were valid or invalid, and whether the invalid ones
—if there are any—should be kept, revised, or removed. The validity test was done by using SPSS Statistics program and the result can be seen in
Appendix 3. The original questionnaire had 38 items see Appendix 2, but after the pilot
test, the final questionnaire turned out to contain 20 main items see Table 3.1 and Appendix 4. In scoring the questionnaire, the responses were coded. The
response Hampir Selalu has 5 points, Sering has 4 points, Kadang-kadang has 3 points, Jarang has 2 points, and Hampir Tidak Pernah has only 1 point. An
exception was made for item number 2: the response ―10‖ has points, ― – 10‖
has 4 points, ― – ‖ has 3 points, ―2 – 4‖ has 2 points, and ―≤1‖ has 1 point.