The Forms of Code Mixing Used by Admin Staffs in Daily Work Activities

42 language. All of the speaker or the samples switch their language to give a statement or to clarify their statement. It may because there are some English words that are familiar to the speakers or the samples so that they can use easily in their dialogues. And some words in English has became the terminology in English school that is always used by the staffs. For the most highest used by the staffs is intersentential. It happens when there is a complete sentence in a foreign language uttered between two sentences in a base language. Most of the speakers or the samples usually switch their language in a sentence from when they speak or when they comment on another speaker sentences statement or question.

4.2 The Forms of Code Mixing Used by Admin Staffs in Daily Work Activities

In chapter II, the writer quoted that Suwito has divided the forms of Code Mixing into five types, they are: a. Word Insertion : The insertion of words here means inserting words from another language into a dominant language that used in a conversation. b. Phrase Insertion : A phrase is a group of words without a verb, especially of that forms part of a sentence. Phrase insertion here a sequence of words, which used to refer to a sequence or words functioning as a single unit. c. Idiom or expression insertion : Idiom is phrase or sentence whose meaning is not clear from the meaning of its individual words and which must be learnt as a whole unit, while expression is a word or phrase or term from particular field. It means inserting an idiom or a term from particular field from another language in to conversation. Universitas Sumatera Utara 43 d. Hybrid insertion : Hybrid is a thing made by combining two different elements. In this case, hybrid is the combination between native and foreign form. Such as, combine prefix from one language with a word from another language. Table 4.2 Frequency of Occurrence of Forms of Code Mixing in the Conversations Done by the Admin Staffs in CaSE No Forms of Code Mixing Frequency Percentage 1 Word Insertion 37 41 2 Phrase Insertion 32 35,5 3 Idiom or Expression Insertion 1 1,25 4 Hybrid Insertion 19 21 5 Reduplication Insertion 1 1,25 90 From the table above, the writer found that Word insertion is the most used form by the sample in their daily conversation. It happened 37 times 41. The second is Phrase insertion, it occurred 32 times 35,5. Hybrid insertion occurred Universitas Sumatera Utara 44 19 times 21 and followed by Idiom or Expression insertion and Reduplication insertion with the same number 1 for each form. The writer will show the forms of code mixing one by one within the sentence and also the insertion. To make it easier to the readers finding out the forms, the writer will shorten the term as followed: 1. Word insertion = W 2. Phrase insertion = Ph 3. Idiom or expression insertion = Id 4. Hybrid insertion = Hy 5. Reduplication insertion = Red Data 2 Elan : “Kelana, waiting listph udah ditelepon?” Kelana : “Belum kak, belum Tanya Iain list classnyaHy. Nanti laa siang sikit.” Elan : ”Yang Stevan sama Septian itu siblingW ya. Mamaknya minta schedulenyaHy disamain.” Kelana : “ Ok. Oia, nanti bilangin sama bang Ipul kak si Roman sama Iain pesan LunchW biduk ya.” Elan : “Udah kasih duitnya?” Kelana : “Belum” Data 3 Kelana : “Kak Melon, yang course fee Tuesday ThursdayPh udah sebagian ke telepon, sisanya nanti lagi ya. Aku mau lunchW diluar.” Melon : “ Hah You always do that” Universitas Sumatera Utara 45 Kelana : “ Gak looh, pelatihku mau treatW kami makan-makan, ulang tahun dia.” Melon : “Bawa pulang ice creamph ya. Kelana :” Ok. Tenang aja” Melon : “but that doesn’t mean I will forget the calls” Kelana : “ Iya laa. Alright...” Data 4 Elan : “Kak student databasedph udah ku updateW ya. Tapi finished datenyaHy belum semua nanti bantuin ya kak.” Melon : “Kenapa finished datenyaHy dibuat?” Elan : “Tapi si Iain nambahin templatenyaHy lagi. Katanya dia juga mau finished datePh sekarang plus reasons. Keyword reasonsnyaHy udah a da di templatenyaHy ” Melon : “Ah nambahin kerjaan aja pun” Elan : “BossW kau laa itu kak.” Melon : “Yok laa kapan kita resignW?” Elan : “hahaha as soon as I got my bachelor.” Data 5 Elan : “Kelana, kabarin laa IOM, tolong scan RR formnyaHy biar aku send invoice. ” Kelana : “Tapi contractW baru abis twelve sessionsPh dulu baru keluar RR.” Elan : “Loh kok gitu? Rugilah kita. Si Iain tahu?” Kelana : “Tahu, ntah itu dia bilang kata Ira it’s what Jakarta wants” Elan : “Ya Allah, ada-ada aja. Yauda laa ya. Its none of my business. Universitas Sumatera Utara 46 Data 7 Melon :”Lan, you know what?” Elan : “apa kak?” Melon : “Dauglas was here” Elan : “hahah ngapain dia?” Melon : “Mau jumpa Cherry dia, mau nanya reportW katanya. Ganteng kali dia bah.” Elan : “hahah pastilah as alwaysph kalau dia mah. Gak nyari aku dia kak?” Melon : “Iya, masuk kelas kubilang.” Elan : “hahah I told you he likes me hahha..” Melon : “iss najis” Data 8 Melon : “Kelana, student databasedph yang google drivePh itu gak bisa di editHy bilang sama Iain ” Kelana : “Udah kubilang loh, dia suruh buat spreadsheetnyahy dulu.” Melon : “Udah, tapi ga bisa juga.” Elan : “Itu karena extensionnyaHy .ods tu. Dia harus pake spreadsheetw google drivenyaHy. Nanti ada tu sebelah kiri tulisan createw abis itu di optionnyaHy pilih spreadsheet. Kelana : “Udah kakak aja laa yang buat, si Iain gak tau tu mungkin.” Elan : “Ah malas, weeklyw sama monthlyw ku aja belum siap-siap.” Kelana : “Iya yakan, si Iain gak tau kok. Biar aja lah dulu situ kak, let him find out himself.” Universitas Sumatera Utara 47 Data 9 Melon : “Lan, tadi ada IOM studentw datang. Dia nanya soal regular classph. pas dibilangin pricenyahy merepet dia. Katanya too expensive for twice a week class. Elan : “Lagi pula lucu kali ada free classPH kok nanya yang bayar.” Melon : “Itu laa.. katanya kelasnya not enough, dia mau ambil seminggu mau ngejar high levelPH katanya. Elan : “Enak dia aja ya.. hahaha” Melon : “Gitu laa anak IOM ini. For years, no different.” Data 11 Elan : “kak, Monalisa sama Fahri itu udah jadi joinw?” Melon : “Udah, tapi orang itu minta trial classph dulu. Aku belum bilang Iain. semalam orang itu joinw LA dulu.” Elan : “oo nnti bilang aja pas briefingw. Jangan ke teachernya langsung kak, kena lagi kita nanti.” Melon : “iya tadi aku udah bilang Kelana, biar aja laa dia aja yang ikut briefingw .” Elan : “Dia mau trial classph apa rupanya kak?” Melon : “Boston. Masalahnya kan Boston isinya college studentsph semua. orang itu mau sama yang pekerja - pekerja juga.” Elan : “Yauda stayw aja laa di LA.” Melon : “Schedulew orang itu yang masalah, ahh pening lah aku liatny. Banyak Kali maunya.” Elan : “udah bayar course feeph kak?” Universitas Sumatera Utara 48 Melon : “Monalisa did, Fahri said would pay after Boston.” Elan : “Yauda laa kita bilang aja dulu sama Iain, Kan dia juga yang decidew juga nanti.” Data 13 Scott : “Oh sorry Elan about what happened back there. They’re in the right class. Maybe they were just nervous. They’re okay. Elan : “so everything’s fine?” Scott : “Yep, it’s alright.” Elan : “tadi marah-marah dia kak, sekarang okayw katanya. Temperamentw kali bule ini.” Melon : “hahaha old manph lan. Biasa itu.” Data 14 Melon : “Ehh Kelana, cemana hasil placement testph semalam, udah di submithy ?” Kelana : “Udah dia masih masuk basic levelph.” Melon : “Terus udah ada feedbackw dari yang kau telepon itu?” Kelana : “yang mana?” Melon : “yang minta ganti schedulew kemaren, siapa namanya, ohh I cant recallid .” Kelana : “ooh udah. dia gak bisa Tuesday Thursdayph. Dia minta Monday friday three oclockph. Kata Iain bisa masuk Philadelphia. ” Melon : “langsung masukan aja ke folderW biar ga capek nanti ng updatenyaHy .” Universitas Sumatera Utara 49 Data 15 Melon : “Elan, lucu kali si Ratu itu, insistw kali dia ambil TOEFL classph padahal score elementarynyaHy a ja 13. ” Elan : “hahah itu lah high expectationph kali, padahal kan udah dibilang ga bisa.” Melon : “Ntah heran awak. Sampe si Iain pun bila she’s very lunatic. Tapi mama nya fair fairRed aja sebenarnya. Si ratu nya ini.” Data 16 Melon : “Teringatnya udah jadiny kau orderw kertas nya Kelana?” Kelana : “Oh lupa, sorryw.Tunggu siap weekly reportph sama book caseph ku dulu ya kak, t anggung kali.” Melon : “oh yaudah aku aja, sekalian aku mau nelpon waiting listsph. Biar nnti briefingw udah enak.” Data 18 Kelana : “kak Elan, IOM ada beberapa studentsw yang mau placement testph lagi. Orang itu mau move classph. Padahal alasannya ga penting penting kal lah.” Elan : “Ira bilang apa?” Kelana : “Si Ira bilang terserah CaSE.” Elan : “Have you asked Iain?” Kelana : “Udah, tapi si Iain suruh aku checkw lagi berapa orang sama reasonnyaHy apa.Gak kerjaan kali lah.” Elan : “Yaudah bilang aja langsung under twelve years oldph ga bisa ambil Universitas Sumatera Utara 50 testw lagi.” Kelana : “Ah udah laa itu, aku pun masi nunggu confirm emailph dari KNC juga.” Data 19 Melon : “Kelana, kita jadi repaintw gedung?” Kelana : “Jad lah. Tapi belum confirmw dari Iain karena ga cocok pricenyaHy .” Melon : “How much?” Kelana : “Around 30 million. Cukup petty cashph kita kak?” Melon : “Ada lah, kan lagi banyak incomew kok bulan ini.” Kelana : “Ok lah, biar ku informW ke Iain.” 4.2.1 The Frequency of Occurrence of the Forms of Code Mixing Found in the Conversation of the Admin Staffs in CaSEducation First, the writer wants to explain why she only focuses on the forms not the type like in code switching section. From the scope of the research, the writer focuses on code switching and code mixing between Bahasa Indonesia and English. So, it is clear that the type of code mixing that occurs in the conversations is outer code mixing, because Suwito 1983 in Umar and Napitupulu 1994 : 14 divide code mixing into two : innercode mixing and outer code mixing. Innercode mixing is sourced from the native language with all its variations formal, standard, informal or non-standard, while outercode mixing is sourced from foreign language. Code Universitas Sumatera Utara 51 mixing happens because there are a lot of words of foreign language as English, that are well-known so they can use it easily. It is the reason why word insertion becomes the highest frequency of forms of code mixing. The second is phrase insertion, it may because the speakers or the sample get used to say some terms of language in English. They mix their language because they are still influenced by the structure of Bahasa Indonesia . Hybrid insertion becomes the third highest that familiar for Indonesian speakers, that is the using of affixes such as se-, -nya, di-, etc The fourth is reduplication insertion, it is used because it is heard displeasing by the listener and the speaker as well. And also idiom or expression insertion, it may because some of the expression in English that is known by Indonesian speaker. 4.3 Reasons Why CaSE Education Staffs Use Code Switching and Code Mixing in Their Daily Work Activities Bathia an Ritchie 2004 in Kim Eun Hee’s article proposed four reasons why people mix or switch their language, they are; participants roles and relationship, situational factors, message intrinsic factors and language attitudes, dominance and security. Participants roles and relationship can be found in the sample of this observation. Participant can influence the speaker have to mix and switch their language. In this thesis, it is found when the speaker must speak to the English native-speaking teachers. They must switch the language from Bahasa Indonesia to English so that the listener understand the conversation. Situational factors setting, topic, class, gender, religion, age also can be the reason why the speaker switch and mix their language. The place of the observation Universitas Sumatera Utara 52 is English course, so this place will influence the speakers to switch and mix the language because there are more than one language is found and uttered there. Message-Intrinsic Factors idioms and deep rooted cultural wisdom, Topic- CommentRelative Clauses, Reiteration, Quotation, Hedging, Interjection also can be the reason for the speaker switch and mix the languge. Some of them often found in CaSE Education staffs conversation in their daily activity. Language attitude, dominance and security is ignored by the writer. In this population, another language is accepted to involve in a conversation so the speakers or the samples can mix or switch their language freely. There is no situation that makes the sample feel not secure then they mix or switch their language. The samples are CaSE Education staffs who can speak English fluently enough, so they can mix or switch their language and accept it well. Table 4.3 The Frequency of the Occurance of The Reasons of Code Switching and Code Mixing in The Conversation Done by CaSE Education Staffs Medan. TABLE NO Reasond of Code Switching and Code Mixing Frequency Percentage 1 Participant Roles and Relationship 22 15 2 Situational Factors Setting, Topic, Class, Gender, Religion, Age 67 45 Universitas Sumatera Utara 53 3 Messag Intrinsic Factors

a. Idioms