B. Place and Time of Study
The research was held at SMK Taman Ilmu Depok which located on Jl. H. Sulaiman No. 9, Bedahan, Sawangan, Depok, from Friday 30
th
of November 2012 to Friday 7
th
of December 2012.
C. Subject of the Study
The subject of the study is the second grade students of SMK Taman Ilmu Depok that consists of three classes. There were 98 XI grade students
who studied at SMK Taman Ilmu Depok which was divided into three classes namely XI Administrasi Perkantoran consisted of 43 students, XI Tata Niaga
consists of 36 students, and XI Teknik Otomotif consists of 19 students. The technique of sampling used by the writer is Simple Random
Sampling because the population that the writer observed was homogeny students of the second year. The sample was taken randomly. From the
three classes, he only took 10 students from every class. 10 students from XI Administrasi Perkantoran, 10 students from XI Tata Niaga, and 10 students
from XI Teknik Otomotif. So, the total population that he took as sample is 30 students.
D. Instrument of the Research
To get the data in this research, the writer used three instruments that consisted of English test, observation, and interview to complete the data that
were needed for this study. The test was used to know what the errors faced by the students in
learning gerund. The test consists of 32 items. 8 items consist of gerund as subject of a sentence, 8 items consist of gerund as object of preposition, 8
items consist of gerund as direct object of certain verbs, and 8 items consist of gerund as the complement of a sentence. Those items are filling the blanks
and completing the sentence.
The observation was used to to observe the teaching learning process that was conducted by the English teacher in the classroom and also to know
the book which was used during the classroom activity. This interview was used to know the difficulties faced by students in
learning gerund.
E. Technique of Data Collecting
In completing the data, the writer used some techniques of data collecting such as:
1. English Test
In this technique, the writer gave the test about gerund that is aimed to know the students’ achievement after learning it and also to know their
errors in making or combining the sentences about gerund.
2. Observation
The writer came into the classroom as an observer to see teacher’s
method in explaining gerund and to know the book which was used during the classroom activity.
3. Interview
The data of this study was also collected by using interview technique. This technique is used to add the data needed which were not
covered by test, such as the causes of students’ errors in learning gerund.
Therefore, this interview was also used to convince the researcher about the data gained through other techniques.
F. Technique of Data Analysis
The writer followed some steps of error analysis which were adopted from Corder.
2
Firstly, the writer collected the data by doing observation, doing interviews and giving test to the sample of his study. Furthermore, the data
which derived from observation and interviews were used as supporting data
2
Rod Ellis, The Study of Second Language Acquisition, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1994, p. 48.
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