Over-generalization Explanation of Errors
Table 4.7. Percentage of Error in Using Gerund
No. Uses of Gerund
Frequency of Error
Percentage
1. Gerund as Subject of a Sentence
96 16.25
2. Gerund as Object of Preposition
148 25.04
3. Gerund as Direct Object of Certain Verbs
187 31.64
4. Gerund as the Complement of a Sentence
160 27.07
Sum of Errors in Uses of Gerund and 591
100
Ad apted from students’ test score
Based on the tab le of students’ errors in using gerund, it can be stated that
total errors of gerund as subject of a sentence are 96, on percentage 16.25. Total errors of gerund as object of preposition are 148, on percentage 25.04.
Total errors of gerund as direct object of certain verbs are 187, on percentage 31.64. Total errors of gerund as the complement of a sentence are 160, on
percentage 27.07. Then the writer formulated the sequence of gerund area on its high
frequency of errors.
Table 4.8. The Sequence of Gerund Tested Area Based on Its High
Frequency of Errors No.
Uses of Gerund Frequency
of Error Percentage
1. Gerund as Direct Object of Certain Verbs
187 31.64
2. Gerund as the Complement of a Sentence
160 27.07
3. Gerund as Object of Preposition
148 25.04
4. Gerund as Subject of a Sentence
96 16.25
According to the data above, it showed that most of students made errors on gerund as direct object of certain verbs with frequency of error 31.64. The
second level of error is gerund as the complement of a sentence with frequency of error 27.07. The third level of error is gerund as object of preposition with
frequency of error 25.04. And the last level is gerund as subject of a sentence with frequency of error 16.25.
The writer also interprets the data based on the types of error from students’ answer sheet. It was presented in the following table below:
Table 4.9. Types of Error
No. Types of Errors
Frequency of Errors Percentage
1. Misformation
424 71.74
2. Omission
123 20.81
3. Addition
44 7.45
Sum of Errors and 591
100
It is clearly shown from the table that 591 errors found from 960 sentences collected from 30 students in using gerund. Those 591 errors are
classified into three types of errors; omission, addition, misformation. From 591 errors, 424 of them are misformation, which means the students
have problem in choosing the correct items or words in the right places. This types of errors contributed 71.74 to whole errors. The second place
is omission which reaches 123 errors. The students have problems in inserting items that should appear in sentences. This type contributed
20.81 to whole scores. The last position placed by addition is the least frequent. Only 44 errors in this case. This type contributed 7.45 which
shows that the students have problems in inserting items that should not appear in sentences.