which investigates place or society that is reflected in the literary work. The fourth is mythopoeic approach, which emphasizes the universal patterns of human
behavior and thought underlying literary work. The last is psychological approach, which reflects life and representation of human motivation and behavior. Here, the
psychological approach is used to discover and demonstrate certain repetitive patterns; hence, from the knowledge of psychology, the critics who apply this
approach to dissect literary works use psychological theories to explain human motivation, personality, and behavior pattern written in literary objects. The
approach finds what the work tells us about the human mind and involves the effort to locate and demonstrate certain recurrent pattern. Thus, the knowledge of
psychological fields is in order to study further some kinds of literary works. To conduct the analysis of this novel, the writer uses psychological approach
based on the theory of psychology. Rohrberger 1971: 5 says that psychological approach analyzes a novel based on theory of psychology. This approach analyzes
the characters described in the novel deeper through the lens of psychology. The writer uses psychological approach to analyze the main character, Sister Regina,
more deeply so that it helps to understand the character through her personality. Further discussion on the theory of psychology is put on section 2.3 p. 13.
2.2 Theory of Literature
This part consists of theory of character and theory of characterization.
2.2.1 Theory of Character
Theory of character discusses two main things. Those are definition and kinds of character from some writers.
2.2.1.1 Definition of Character
Characters take an important role in the work of literature. De Laar 1959: 163 says that a novel is a book that tells a story concerned with people. He defines
a novel as an art work which introduces readers into a living world. Based on that description, we know that novel tells us a story consisting of various elements.
There are two main elements in literary work; plot and character. Since the story is concerned with people, character becomes one of the main elements of a novel that
helps the reader to get better understanding about the character in the novel itself. According to Abrams 1981: 20, character is the person presented in a
dramatic or narrative work, who is represented by the reader as being endowed with moral and disposition qualities that are expressed in what the character says the
dialogue and what the character does the action. Character in a novel could liven up the story. The author builds a character that is usually as the reflection of real
people’s life. Considering that, through its characters, the author could make the readers get involved in the story.
Since the study focuses on the main character’s maternal instinct, we need to know character in depth. Therefore, character becomes a very significant element of
the novel.
2.2.1.2 Kinds of Character
Perrine 1974:71 classifies character into two categories: static character and dynamic character. Static character does not undergo any changes in his or her
outlook or personalities during the course of story as at the beginning. On the other hand, dynamic character is a character that undergoes many changes in some
