e. Conversation of others The author gives us clues to a person’s character through the conversations of
other people and the things they say about him. People do talk about other people and the things they say often give us clue to the character of the person
spoken about 1972: 167. f.
Reactions The author gives us a clue to a person’s character by letting us know how that
person reacts to various situations and events 1972: 168. g. Direct comment
The author describes or comments on a person’s character directly 1972: 170. h. Thoughts
The author gives us direct knowledge of what a person is thinking about. In this respect, he is able to do what we cannot do in real life. He can tell us what
different people are thinking 1972: 172. i.
Mannerism The author describes a person’s mannerism, habits or idiosyncrasies which may
also tell us something about his character 1972: 173. These methods are used by an author to make character understandable and
come life to the readers. Thus, it can be used to find out the description of sister Regina’s character in the story of novel Then Came Heaven.
2.3 Theory of Psychology
This part consists of meaning of personality, theory of personality development, and Freudian psychoanalysis.
2.3.1 The Meaning of Personality
A certain situation may produce different reaction through a person to another. A person may act destructive when the person is broken heart and others
may not take the problem seriously and let it flow. Kalish 1972: 52 says that “Personality is the dynamic organization of characteristics, which determines
people’s behavior and distinguishes one to another”. Meanwhile, Allport 1961: 10 defines personality as “the dynamic organization within the individual of those
psychological systems that determine his characteristic behavior and thought”. According to Woodworth 1957: 88, personality is “total quality of an
individual’s behavior”. Here, it means that the personality of a person shows the quality of the person itself. It can be said that when a person has bad personality, the
person shows hisher low quality as an individual. In contrast, when a person has good personality, the person shows hisher high quality as an individual.
2.3.2 Theory of Personality Development
This study relates to the theory of personality development. Elizabeth Hurlock 1976: 7 defines that personality development is “a stage in growth of a
constantly changing and evoking process within an individual”. The personality pattern cannot be stable because it changes all the time. The change can either be
better or even worse. Changes in personality do not occur by themselves. Still based on Hurlock 1974: 137-354, there are eight determinants which can determine
one’s personality pattern. The first determinant is physical determinant. It is known that body size and
functioning influence the quality and quantity of behavior of a person. The second PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
