Second, pattern of “menerangkan-diterangkan”.
53
For example: Adikarya
Betawipura Artagraha
Swakarsa
F. Analogy and Anomaly Perspectives Borrowed Word in Indonesian Language
Analogy is language regularity and anomaly is divergence or irregularity of a language. Where there is development there is a n anomaly and analogy issues. The
description of both is below:
1. Analogy Perspective
Analogy is language regularity which a language unit can be analogy if that unit appropriate with valid conventions.
A borrowed word needs to see the original form only for detect the borrowed word is really borrow or not without has to find out how is the changing process or
equivalence happen. Then, compare the borrowed word by prevail agreement. Because analogy clarifies regularity of a language related to language agreements, it
is related with norms of language certainly, even in phonologic system, spelling system, or structure system.
1.1 Analogy in Phonologic system
53
Ibid. p. 10
It is so many borrowing words in Indonesia turned out to have appropriate system of phonology, either through adaptation process or not. Those words as
follow:
54
Aksi - action English Derajat - darrajat Arabic
Dansa - dance English Fajar - fajr Arabic
Ekologi - ecology English Hikmah - hikmat Arabic
Galaksi - galaxy English Insan - insan Arabic
Phonemes a, b, d, e, f, g, h, i, k, l, m, n, 0, r, s, t, and ng
that use in wor
ds as above is phonemes appropriate by phonologic system in Indonesia. Besides, there are other phonology like: kh, and sy, which come
from Arabic read by Latin written language. For Indonesian, kh, and sy reputed as deviation symptom or anomaly, but after so long it lasts and with high appears
frequency sooner or later it can be considered as natural indication, no longer reputes as divergence
.
1.2 Analogy in Spelling System Spelling system is a matter relating to stardardization. This analogy is based
on spelling prevail that is Spelling Enhanced Ejaan yang disempurnakan. Following its integration level, loan element into Indonesian is divisible by
two big classes. First, loan element not absorb stark into bahasa yet, like word:
54
Imam taufik., op. cit. p. 49
reshuffle, shuttle cock. These elements use on Indonesian language contexts but process of writing and pronouncing are still following foreign rules. Second, loan
element that process of writing and pronouncing are adjusted with Indonesian language principle. Of course, the second criteria is an analogy which element of
loan word already adjusted. In Indonesian Spelling Enhanced, it has compiled as valid norm for borrowed elements. Some examples such as:
Kaustik - caustic Aksen
– accent Sentral - central
Kolera – cholera
Akomodasi – accommodation
Efek – effect
2. Anomaly Perspective
