learning resources and tasks, designs appropriate learning activities and tasks that are suitable with the learners’ level, and constructs question for the journals. This study
uses Tomlinson and Masuhara’s materials adaptation techniques 2004. The writer uses the Plus Category that includes addition and expansion techniques and the Zero
Category that includes modification and conversion techniques. To achieve the goals, the writer chooses activities that are interesting and contextual for the banking staff.
In designing the materials, the writer uses the activities like predicting, cooperating, personalizing, conversational pattern, listing and sorting, using context,
diagramming, jigsaw tasks, information gap, ordering, decision-making, comparing, problem-solving and creative tasks to achieve the learning objectives because tasks in
TBL are normally done in pairs or in groups.
8. Evaluate the materials and revise any parts requiring improvement
To evaluate the designed materials, the writer conducts expert validation and user validation. The writer conducts expert validation by distributing evaluative
questionnaire to two lecturers of English Education Study Program of Sanata Dharma University. In user validation, the writer obtains feedback from two English
instructors from Global Lingua Yogyakarta through evaluative questionnaire as well. The feedback from the questionnaire will then used for improving the materials by
revising the materials. All feedback from the questionnaire are used as the basis in revising the materials. The writer revises some units of the design in order to
complete the final version of the designed materials. 34
The writer’s theoretical framework steps figure is presented in Figure 2.4 below:
Figure 2.4: The Writer’s Theoretical Framework Chart
Identify learners’ characteristics
Consider the necessary support service
Conduct pre-assessment
Consider goals, list topics and state general purposes
Specify the learning objectives
List the subject contents
Select teaching learning activities and resources
Evaluate materials and revise any parts requiring improvement
