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Finally, in this part, the researcher showed that there is no other studies which conduct the research on idiom translation in the subtitle of Ice Age: Continental
Drift.
B. Theoretical Description
In this part, the researcher discusses the theories which are going to be used in the research. Generally, there are two theories that would be discussed in
this chapter. Those theories are theory of translation and theory of idiom. Theory of translation consists of the definition of translation and type of translation.
Meanwhile the theory of idiom consists of the definitions, types and categories, and the translation strategies of idioms.
1. Definition and Process of Translation
According to Catford 1974, translation is the replacement of textual material in one language SL by equivalent textual material in another language
TL. Larson 1984 also states that translation consists transferring the meaning of the source language into the target language. However, translation has gone
beyond the text itself, culture also plays a role in it. Accordingly, translators should be aware during the translation process. Larson 1984, states that the goal
of a translator is to communicate the meaning of idiomatic translation from source language into the natural form of the receptor language. Thus, understanding the
meaning of the source language text becomes the priority for a translator in idiomatic translation. The process of translation from Larson is represented in
Figure 2.1. From the Figure 2.1, it shows that the goal of the translation is the
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meaning. It shows the stages which have to be done. Thus, it is necessary to maintain the meaning from the source language in the target language.
Duff 1981 proposes the principles of translation. Those principles are the basic principles which are relevant to the translation. They are meaning, form, register,
source language influence, style and clarity, and idioms. First, the translation should reflect on the meaning of the original text accurately. Nothing should be
arbitrarily added or removed, though some part of the meaning can be ‘transpose’. Second, the ordering of words and ideas in the translation should match to the
original as closely as possible. However, the difference in language structure often requires changes in the form and the order of words. Third, languages often differ
greatly in their levels of formality in a given context. Translator should distinguish between formal or fixed expression and personal expression, in which
the writer or speaker sets the tone. In this case translator might consider the
SOURCE RECEPTOR
Discover the meaning Text to be translated
Meaning Re-express the meaning
Translation
Figure 2.1 Larson’s Translation Process 1984, p. 4
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intension of the writer or speaker and whether the expressions are formalinformal, coldwarm, or personalimpersonal.
Fourth, many translations do not sound natural in the target language. It is because the translator’s thought and choice of words are influenced by the source
language. A good way to overcome this problem is to set the text aside and translate a few sentences from memory to get the natural pattern of thought in the
first language. Fifth, the translator should not change the style of original text, except the text is sloppy written or full of tedious repetitions. The last principle is
about idiom. Duff 1981 also states that the idiom such as similes, metaphors, proverbs and sayings, jargon, slangs, colloquialisms and phrasal verbs cannot be
translated directly.
2. Type of Translation
