CENDAWAN (FUNGAL/ FUNGAL LIKE ORGANISM/ PSEUDOFUNGY)
VI. CENDAWAN (FUNGAL/ FUNGAL LIKE ORGANISM/ PSEUDOFUNGY)
NAMA ILMIAH/ SINONIM/ KLASIFIKASI/ NAMA
MEDIA
DAERAH SEBAR/ N
o GEOGRAPHICAL SCIENTIFIC NAME/
AN/
GROUP DISTRIBUTION SYNONIM/ TAXON/
HOST
PATHWAY
COMMON NAME
1. [a]: -
biji, media Africa: Angola, Botswana, [s]: Claviceps africana (Fr.) ;
I Sorghum bicolor (sorgum,
Burundi, Ethiopia, Ghana, =Sphacelia sorghi;
sorghum)
tanam
Sorghum halepense Kenya, Lesotho, Malawi, Ascomycota,
Mozambique, Nigeria, Rwanda, Pezizomycotina,
(Johnson grass)
Senegal. Swaziland, Tanzania, Sordariomycetes
Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe. America: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Dominica, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Puerto Rico, Paraguay, USA, Uruguay, Venezuela. Asia: India, Japan, Thailand, Yemen. Oceania: Australia.
2. [a]: -
biji, media America: Mexico [s]: Claviceps gigantea
I Zea mays (jagung, corn,
maize)
tanam
(Fuentes), de la Ista, Ullstrup &
Rodrigues(1964); ( =Sphacelia gigantea) ;
Ascomycota, Pezizomycotina, Sordariomycetes; ergot of maize, horse's tooth
3. [a]: -
biji, media Africa: Algeria, Ethiopia, [s]: Sphacelia segetum Lév.,
I: jika MP Agrostis (bentgrasses),
Guinea, Kenya, Malawi, 1827
tidak
Avena sativa (oat, oats),
tanam
Mauritania, Mauritius, ( =Claviceps purpurea
diproses Cynodon (quickgrass),
Morocco, South Africa (Sudan, (Mantle); =Sphacelia
Festuca (fescues), Hordeum
Tanzania, Zimbabwe). sorghi =Claviceps
II: jika MP (barleys), Hordeum vulgare
America: Canada, Mexico, microcephala (Wallr.)
diproses (barley), Lolium (rye grasses),
USA, Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Tul., 1853;
Lolium perenne (perennial
Colombia, Chile, Venezuela, Ascomycota,
rye grass), Phleum
Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Pezizomycotina,
(timothies), Poa (meadow
Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay, Sordariomycetes; sugary
grass), Poa pratensis
French Guiana disease
(smooth-stalked
meadowgrass), Poaceae
Asia: Armenia, China, India,
(grasses), Secale (rye), Secale
Iran, Israel, Japan,
cereale (rye), Sorghum bicolor
Kazakhstan, South Korea,
(sorgum, sorghum), Triticum
Kyrgyzstan, Nepal, Philippines,
(wheat), Triticum aestivum
Turkey.
(gandum, wheat)
Europe: Austria, Belgium,
Bromus (bromegrasses),
Bulgaria, Czech, Denmark,
Echinochloa spp., Panicum
Faroe Islands, Finland, France,
(millets), Pennisetum (feather
Germany, Greece, Hungary,
grass)
Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, Serbia, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and
Herzegovina, Montenegro, Macedonia Oceania: Australia, New Zealand.
America: Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, [s]:Moniliophthora perniciosa
4. [a]: -
I: jika MP Theobroma cacao (kakao,
bagian
Colombia, Dominica, Ecuador, (Stahel) Aime & Phillips-
diproses Bixa orellana Grenada, Guyana, Panama, Mora (2006) =Marasmius
Peru,St. Vincent and the perniciosus (Stahel, 1915)
Grenadines, Suriname, =Crinipellis perniciosa
II: jika MP
Trinidad and Tobago, (Stahel) (Singer, 1943)
diproses
Venezuela
Basidiomycota, Agaricomycotina, Agaricomycetes; cocoa witches’ broom disease
5. [a]: -
Asia: China, Taiwan, Japan, [s]: Exobasidium reticulatum
I: jika MP Camellia sinensis (teh, tea)
Ito & Sawada;
II: jika MP
Exobasidiomycetes; net
diproses
blister blight of tea
6. [a]: -
Africa: Jamaica [s]: Fomes robiniae (Murr)
I: jika MP Albizia falcataria ( L.), Albizia batang,
Asia: India, Ceylon, Pakistan Sacc and D. Sacc (1905)
tidak
lelbeck, Robinia pseudo
akar
Oceania: Australia, Samon =F. rimosus =Phellinus
diproses acacia, Anogeissus latifolia,
Boswellia serrata, Casuarina
robiniae (Murrill) A. Ames
II: jika MP strieta, Dalberbia sissoo,
1913 =Pyropolyporus
diproses Eucalyptus spp, Querus sp.,
robiniae Murrill 1903
Shrea robusta, Terminalia
=Fulvifomes robiniae
bellarica, Terminalia
(Murrill) Murrill 1914;
tomentosa, Morus alba,
Basidiomycota,
Pistacia lentiscus
Agaricomycotina, Agaricomycetes; Yellow spongy rot
7. [a]: -
Africa: Egypt, Morocco [s]:Fomitopsis pinicola(Sw.:
I: jika MP Abies alba (silver fir), Abies
batang,
America: Guatemala, Canada, Fr.) P. Karst. 1881; (
tidak
amabilis (Pacific silver fir),
akar
Mexico, USA, Brazil =Boletus pinicola Sw.: Fr.
diproses Abies concolor (Rocky
Asia: Armenia, Azerbaijan, 1810; Fomes pinicola
Mountain white fir), Abies
China, Taiwan, India, Iran, (Sw.: Fr.) Fr. 1849;
II: jika MP holophylla (Manchurian fir),
Israel, Japan, Kazakhstan, Placodes pinicola (Sw.:
diproses Abies magnifica (red fir),
Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Fr.) Pat. 1887; Polyporus
Abies nephrolepis (Khingan
Thailand, Turkey pinicola (Sw.: Fr.) Fr.
fir), Abiesprocera (noble fir),
Europe: Austria, Belarus, 1821; Pseudofomes
Abies religiosa (sacred fir),
Acer macrophyllum Bulgaria, Czech Republic, pinicola (Sw.: Fr.) Lázaro
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Ibiza 1916; Trametes
(broadleaf maple), Agathis,
Serbia, Slovenia, Croatia, pinicola (Sw.: Fr.) P.
Betula papyrifera (paper
Bosnia and Herzegovina, Karst. 1882
birch), Larix gmelinii
Montenegro, Macedonia, Basidiomycota,
(Dahurian larch), Picea abies
France, Germany, Greece, Agaricomycotina,
(common spruce), Picea
Hungary, Italy, Latvia, Agaricomycetes; brown
glauca (white spruce), Picea
Lithuania, Netherlands, crumbly rot, pinicola conk,
jezoensis (Yeddo spruce),
Norway, Poland, Romania, red belt fungus, root rot
Picea koraiensis (Korean
Russia, Slovakia, Spain, conifers, brown rot of
spruce), Picea mariana
Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, conifers, brown cubical
(black spruce), Picea obovata
(Siberian spruce), Picea
UK
heart rot of fir
rubens (red spruce), Picea
Oceania: Australia,
sitchensis (Sitka spruce), Pinus contorta (lodgepole pine), Pinusedulis (pinyon), Pinus flexilis (limber pine), Pinus koraiensis (fruit pine), Pinus sylvestris (Scots pine), Prunus persica (peach),
Prunus sargentii (sargent's cherry), Prunus serotina (black cherry), Pseudotsuga menziesii (Douglas-fir), Tsuga heterophylla (western hemlock), Tsuga mertensiana (Patton's hemlock), Vitis (grape) Abies balsamea (balsam fir), Abies grandis (grand fir), Abies lasiocarpa (rocky mountain fir), Abies nordmanniana (Nordmann fir), Acer pictum (painted maple), Alnus glutinosa (European alder), Alnus incana (grey alder), Betula alleghaniensis (yellow birch), Betula pendula (common silver birch), Betula platyphylla (Manchurian birch), Betula populifolia (gray birch), Calocedrus decurrens (bastard cedar), Carpinus betulus (hornbeam), Carpinus cordata (heart-leaved hornbeam), Carya (hickories), Castanea (chestnuts), Chamaecyparis nootkatensis (Alaska cedar), Corylusavellana (hazel),
Fagus grandifolia (American beech), Fagus sylvatica (common beech), Larix kaempferi (Japanese larch), Larix komarovii, Larix laricina (American larch), Magnolia, Malus domestica (apple), Picea engelmannii (Engelmann spruce), Picea pungens (blue spruce), Pinus lambertiana (big pine), Pinus monophylla (single-leaf pinyon pine), Pinus ponderosa (ponderosa pine), Pinus sibirica (Siberian stone pine), Pinus strobus (eastern white pine), Pinus tabuliformis (chinese pine), Platanus occidentalis (sycamore), Platanus orientalis (plane), Populus grandidentata (Bigtooth aspen), Populus maximowiczii (Japanese poplar), Populus nigra (black poplar), Populus tremula (aspen (European)), Populus tremuloides (trembling aspen), Prunusavium (sweet cherry), Prunus salicina (Japanese plum), Salix alba (white willow), Salix caprea
(pussy willow), Salix fragilis (crack willow), Sequoia sempervirens (coast redwood), Sorbus aucuparia (mountain ash), Thuja occidentalis (Eastern white cedar), Thuja plicata (western redcedar), Tilia cordata (small-leaf lime), Tsuga canadensis (eastern hemlock)
8. [a]: -
Africa: Egypt, South Africa [s]:Gaeumannomyces
I: jika MP Oryza sativa (padi, paddy),
akar,
America: Peru, USA graminis var. graminis
tidak
Triticum aestivum (gandum,
batang,
daun, biji, Asia: India, Philippines (Sacc.) Arx & D.L. Olivier
diproses wheat), Zea mays (jagung,
corn, maize), Zizania spp.,
media
(1952); ( =Rhaphidophora
II: jika MP Avena spp., secale, Poaceae, tanam
graminis Sacc. (1875);
diproses Cynodon spp., Eremochloa
Gaeumannomyces
ophiuroides , Pennisetum
graminis (Sacc.) Arx & D.
clandestinum , Stenotaphrum
Olivier (1952); Ophiobolus
secundatum , Zoysia japonica
graminis (Sacc.) Sacc. (1881); Ophiobolus oryzinus Sacc. (1916); Linocarpon oryzinum (Sacc.) Petr. (1952); Gaeumannomyces oryzinus (Sacc.) Schrantz (1961)
Ascomycota, Pezizomycotina, Sordariomycetes; crown sheath rot, crown sheath Ascomycota, Pezizomycotina, Sordariomycetes; crown sheath rot, crown sheath
9. [a]: -
I: jika MP Saccharum officinarum (tebu, daun
Asia: Taiwan
[s]: Leptosphaeria
tidak
sugarcane)
taiwanensis W.Y. Yen &
diproses
C.C. Chi: 213 (1952); (
II. jika MP
=Didymella taiwanensis
diproses
(J.M. Yen & C.C. Chi) Shoemaker & C.E. Babc., (1989); Saccharicola taiwanensis (J.M. Yen &
C.C. Chi) O.E. Erikss. &
D. Hawksw., (2003) Ascomycota, Pezizomycotina, Dothideomycetes; sugar cane leaf blight
10. [a]: -
Africa: Kenya,Tanzania [s]:Marasmiellus cocophilus
I: jika MP Cocos nucifera (kelapa,
buah,
Oceania: Solomon Islands Pegler;
diproses Cynodon dactylon ,
batang,
Basidiomycota,
II. jika MP Echinochloa colona , Eleusine media
Agaricomycotina,
diproses indica tanam
Agaricomycetes; basal stem break, lethal bole rot of coconut
11. [a]: -
I: jika MP Oryza sativa (padi, paddy)
akar,
Africa: Egypt
[s]:Marasmiellus inoderma
Oceania: Samoa America, (Berk.) Singer (1955); (=
tidak
Zea mays (jagung, corn,
daun,
diproses maize), Musa spp. (pisang,
batang,
Samoa
Marasmius inoderma II. jika MP banana), Orchidaceae
tanaman,
Berk.
diproses (anggrek, orchids)
tanah.
Basidiomycota, Agaricomycotina,
Agaricomycetes; crown rot of rice, pre-emergence shoot rot, root rot of maize, sheath rot of maize
12. [a]: -
I: jika MP Vitis vinifera (anggur,
buah
America: USA
[s]:Microthyriella
Asia: China, India, Japan rubiPetr.; (=Schizothyrina
tidak
grapevine), Malus
diproses domesticum ( apel, apple),
rubiSchizothyrina rubi
II. jika MP Citrus spp.(jeruk, orange) (Petr.)) diproses
Ascomycota, Pezizomycotina, Dothideomycetes; fly speck
13. [a]: -
America: Brazil, [s]:Moniliophthora roreri
I: jika MP Theobroma cacao (kakao,
buah, biji
Colombia,Costa Rica, Ecuador, (Cif.) H.C. Evans,
tidak
cocoa)
Guatemala, Honduras, Stalpers, Samson &
diproses
Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Benny (1978); (= Monilia
II. jika MP
diproses
Venezuela
roreri Cif. (1933) Basidiomycota, Agaricomycotina, Agaricomycetes; frosty pod rot, monilia pod rot, pod rot of cocoa, quevedo disease, watery pod rot of cocoa
14. [a]: -
Africa: Madagascar [s]:Laetiporus baudonii (Pat.)
I: jika MP Manihot esculenta (singkong, umbi,
=Polyporus baudonii Pat.
II. jika MP
(1914) =Polyporus
diproses
baudoni =Cladoporus baudonii (Pat.) Teixeira (1994) =Pseudophaeolus baudoni =Cladoporus baudonii (Pat.) Teixeira (1994) =Pseudophaeolus
Basidiomycota, Agaricomycotina, Agaricomycetes; root rot
15. [a]: -
Africa: Libya, Mauritius, [s]: Podosphaera clandestina
I: jika MP Crataegus monogyna daun,
Morocco, Zimbabwe var. clandestina, (1851);
tidak
(hawthorn), Cydonia oblonga buah,
America: Canada, USA (=Alphitomorpha
diproses (quince), Prunus armeniaca
batang
Asia: Armenia, Azerbaijan, clandestina Wallr., (1819)
II. jika MP (apricot), Prunus avium
muda
China, India, Iran, Iraq, Japan, =Erysiphe clandestina
diproses (sweet cherry), Prunus
Kazakhstan, Korea Republic of (Wallr.) Link, (1824)
domestica (plum), Prunus
(South Korea), Kyrgyzstan, =Erysiphe oxyacanthae
salicina (Japanese plum)
Lebanon, Turkey, DC., (1815) =Podosphaera
Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan kunzei Lév., (1851)
Europe: Austria, Belgium, =Microsphaera fulvofulcra
Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Cooke (1851)
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, =Podosphaera minor
Finland, Serbia, Slovenia, Howe, (1874)
Croatia, Bosnia and Ascomycota,
Herzegovina, Montenegro, Pezizomycotina,
Macedonia, France, Germany, Leotiomycetes; powdery
Greece, Hungary, Ireland, mildew of cherry; powdery
Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, mildew of hawthorn; mildew
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, of quince
Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Ukraine, UK Oceania: Australia, New Zealand
16. [a]: Sclerotium cepivorum
Africa: Egypt, Libya, South [s]:Stromatinia cepivorum
I: jika MP Allium (onions, garlic, leek,
umbi,
Africa, Uganda, Zimbabwe ( Berk.) Whetzel ;
tidak
etc.), Alliumcepa (onion),
akar,
America: Canada, Mexico, ≡Stromatinia cepivora
diproses Allium cepa var. aggregatum batang
USA, Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, (Berk.,1945)
II. jika MP (shallot), Allium fistulosum
Chile, Colombia, Guyana, =Stromatinia cepivorum
diproses (Welsh onion), Allium porrum
Uruguay, Venezuela (Berk., 1945)
(leek), Allium sativum
Asia: China, India, Iran, Basidiomycota,
(garlic), Allium
Japan, Philippines Agaricomycotina,
schoenoprasum (chives)
Europe: Austria, Bulgaria, Agaricomycetes; white rot of
Cyprus, Czech Republic and onion and garlic, onion
Slovakia, Denmark, Finland, white root rot, bulb rot of
France, Germany, Greece, onion, Allium white rot,
Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, onion white rot
Norway, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Serbia and Montenegro, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK Oceania: Australia, New Zealand
17. [a]: -
Africa: Botswana, Burundi, [s]:Sporisorium
I: jika MP Sorghum bicolor (sorgum,
biji
Cameroon, Central Africa, cruentum (J.G. Kühn)
tidak
sorghum)
Chad, DR Congo, Ethiopia, Vanky (1985); (
diproses Saccharum officinarum (tebu,
Gambia, Ghana, Kenya, =Sphacelotheca
II. jika MP sugarcane)
Malawi, Mauritius, Morocco, cruenta (J.G. Kühn)
diproses
Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria, Potter(1912) =S.holci
Rwanda, Senegal, Somalia, =Ustilago cruenta J.G.
South Africa, Sudan, Kühn (1872)
Swaziland, Tanzania, Uganda, =Endothlaspis sorghi
Zambia, Zimbabwe Sorokin (1890)
America: Argentina, Barbados, =Cintractia sorghi
Brazil, Cuba, El Salvador, (Sorokin) De Toni (1888)
Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras,
=Sphacelotheca Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, sorokiniana Cif. (1928)
Puerto Rico, USA,Venezuela =Ustilago sorghi Pass.
Asia: Afghanistan, China, (1873)
Taiwan, India, Iran, Iraq, Basidiomycota,
Israel, Japan, South Korea, Ustilaginomycotina,
Lebanon, Myanmar, Pakistan, Ustilaginomycetes; loose
Turkey, Yemen kernel smut, loose smut,
Europe: Bulgaria, Cyprus, sorghum loose kernel smut
Czech, Slovakia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Rusia, Serbia, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Macedonia
Africa: South Africa, Mexico, [s]:Tilletia indica
18. [a]: -
I: jika MP Triticum aestivum (gandum,
Mitra(1931)( =Neovossia
Asia: Afghanistan, India, Iran, indica (Mitra) Mundk
diproses
Iraq, Nepal, Pakistan (1940);
II. jika MP
diproses
Basidiomycota, Ustilaginomycotina, Exobasidiomycetes; Karnal bunt of wheat, Indian bunt of wheat, partial bunt of wheat, new bunt
Africa: Algeria, Angola, Egypt, [s]:Tilletia laevis J. G.
19. [a]: -
I: jika MP Triticum aestivum (gandum,
biji,
Ethiopia, Kenya, Lesotho, Kühn(1873); ( =Tilletia
Libya, Morocco, Somalia, foetens (Berk. & M.A.
diproses .
bunga
South Africa, Tunisia, Curtis) J. Schröt (1877)
II. jika
MP
Zimbabwe
=Tilletia foetida =Ustilago
America: Argentina, Canada, foetens Berk. & M.A.
diproses
Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Peru,
Curtis (1874); USA, Uruguay, Venezuela, Basidiomycota,
Asia: Afghanistan, Armenia, Ustilaginomycotina,
Azerbaijan, China, India, Iran, Exobasidiomycetes;
Iraq, Israel, Japan, common bunt, complete
Kazakhstan, Korea, Lebanon, bunt, covered smut, hill
Mongolia, Nepal, Pakistan, bunt, smooth-spored wheat
Saudi Arabia, Syria, Turkey, bunt, stinking bunt,
Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan stinking wheat smut
Europe: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech, Denmark, Finland, Serbia, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Macedonia,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Rusia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland, Ukraine Oceania : Australia, New Zealand
20. [a]: -
Africa: Algeria, Egypt, Ethiopia, [s]:Tilletia tritici (Bjerk.) G.
I: jika MP Triticum spp. (gandum,
biji,
Lesotho, Libya, Morocco, Winter (1884); ( =Tilletia
South Africa, Tunisia, Uganda, caries (DC.) Tul. & C. Tul.
diproses Agropyron spp., Bromusspp., batang
II. jika MP Elymus spp., Festucaspp.,
Zimbabwe
(1847) =Uredo caries DC.
America: Argentina, Canada, (1815) =Uredo Sitophila
diproses Hordeum spp., Poaspp.,
Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Ditmar (1816) =Caeoma
Secale sereale, Lolium spp.
Guatemala, Mexico, Nicaragua, sitophilum (Ditmar) Link
Peru, USA, Uruguay, (1825) =Tilletia sitophila
Venezuela
(Ditmar) J. Schröt. (1877) Asia: Afghanistan, Armenia,
Basidiomycota, Azerbaijan, Bhutan, China, Ustilaginomycotina,
Taiwan, India, Iran, Iraq, Exobasidiomycetes;
Israel, Japan, Jordan, complete bunt, covered
Kazakhstan, Korea, smut, hill bunt, rough-
Kyrgyzstan, Lebanon, spored wheat bunt, stinking
Mongolia, Pakistan, Saudi smut, wheat bunt, common
Arabia, Syria, Turkey, bunt
Uzbekistan Europe: Austria, Belgium,Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech, Slovakia, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany,Greece,Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Rusia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, UK, Serbia, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Macedonia Oceania: Australia, New Zealand
21. [a]: -
Africa: Algeria, Egypt,Morocco, [s]:Urocystis
I: jika MP Triticum aestivum (gandum,
bunga,
daun,tang South Africa, Tunisia agropyri (Preuss) A.A.
tidak
wheat)
America: Argentina, Canada, Fisch. Waldh. (1867); (
diproses Agropyron , Elymus repens,
kai malai,
Chile, Falkland Islands, =Uredo agropyri Preuss
II. jika MP Agropyron smithii , Agrostis
biji
Greenland, Guatemala, (1848) =Polycystis
diproses stolonifera var. palustris,
Mexico, USA, Uruguay, agrropyri (Preuss) J.
Agrostis capillaris ,
Alopecurus , Avena sativa
Venezuela
Schröt. (1877)
(oat, oats ), Bromus
Asia: Afghanistan,
=Tuburcinia agropyri
China,Taiwan, India, Iran, (Preuss) Liro (1922)
carinatus, Bromus
Iraq, Israel, Japan, =Tubircinia agropyri-
marginatus , Carex, Dactylis
Kazakhstan, Korea, Mongolia, juncei Vienn.-Bourg.
glomerata , Elymus, Festuca
Nepal, Pakistan, Syria, Turkey, (1954) =Urocystis
rubra , Lolium, Phleum
pratense , Poa spp., Trisetum
Uzbekistan
agropyri-juncei (Vienn.- Europe: Baltic area, Bulgaria, Bourg.) H. Zogg. (1986)
Cyprus, Czech, Slovakia, =Tuburcinia elymi Cif.
Denmark, Estonia, Finlania, (1931) =Urocystis elymi
France, Greece, Hungary, (Cif.) Schwarzman (1960)
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, =Urocystis preussii J.G.
Lithuania, Netherlands, Kühn (1874)
Norway, Poland, Portugal, Basidiomycota,
Romania, Rusia, Spain, Ustilaginomycotina,
Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, Ustilaginomycetes; flag
UK
smut, flag smut of wheat, Oceania: Australia, New stem smut, stripe smut
Zealand
Africa: Egypt, Gabon, Morocco [s]:Urocystis cepulaeFrost.
22. [a]: -
I: jika MP Allium spp.
umbi,
America: Canada,Chile, Cuba, (1877)( =Tuburcinia
tidak
Anthirinum sp.
daun,
Mexico, Peru, Puerto Rico, St. cepulae Frost (1877)
diproses
batang
II. jika MP
Lucia, USA
Asia: China, Taiwan, India, (1875) =Tuburcinia
=Urocystis magica Pass.
diproses
Iran, Iraq, Japan, Kazakhstan, magica (Pass.) Liro (1922)
Korea, Nepal, Pakistan, =Urocystis allii Schellenb.
Philippines, Tajikistan, (1911) =Tuburcinia allii
Thailand
(Schellenb.) Liro (1922) Europe: Austria, Belgium, =Tuburcinia oblonga
Bulgaria, Czech, Slovakia, Massenot (1953)
Malta, Denmark, Finlania, =Urocystis oblonga
France, Germany, Greece, (Massenot) H. Zogg (1986)
Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Basidiomycota,
Romania, Rusia,
Ustilaginomycotina, Slovakia,Sweden, Switzerland, Ustilaginomycetes; leek
UK,Serbia, Slovenia, Croatia, smut, onion smut
Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Macedonia Oceania: Australia, New Zealand
23. [a]: -
I: jika MP Gladiolus spp.
umbi,
Asia: Iran
[s]:Urocystis
tidak
daun
gladiolicola Ainsw. (1950);
diproses
( =Tuburcinia gladiolicola
II. jika MP
(Ainsw.) Cif. (1963)
diproses
Basidiomycota, Ustilaginomycotina, Ustilaginomycetes; smut
24. [a]: -
I: jika MP Triticum aestivum (gandum,
bunga,
Africa: Egypt
[s]: Ustilago nuda f.sptritici
America: Canada, USA (Schaffnit); ( =Ustilago
tidak
wheat), Secale sereale
daun,
Asia: China, India, Pakistan nuda f.sp. hordei);
diproses (barley)
tangkai
Europe: Ireland, Rusia, Basidiomycota,
II. jika MP
malai, biji
Switzerland, UK Ustilaginomycotina,
diproses
Oceania: Australia Ustilaginomycetes; barley loose smut
America: North America, USA [s]:Ustilago violacea(Pers.)
25. [a]: -
I: jika MP Silene pratensis , Cerastium,
bunga,
Europe: Sweden, Roussel; ( =(
tidak
Dyanthus, Caryophyllaceae
=Microbotryum violaceum
II. jika MP
malai, biji
(Pers.) G. Deml & Oberw.
diproses
=Uredo violacea Pers. =Caeoma violaceum (Pers.) Nees =Uredo antherarum DC. =Ustilago antherarum (DC.) Fr.
=Caeoma antherarum (DC.) Schltdl. =Microbotryum antherarum (DC.) Lév. =Erysibe antherarum (DC.) Wallr. =Ustilago silenes-nutantis Liro)
Basidiomycota, Ustilaginomycotina, Ustilaginomycetes; Caryophyllaceae anther smut
26. [a]: -
Africa: Burkina Faso, Burundi, [s]: Sphacelotheca reiliana
I: jika MP Sorghum sudanense,
biji,
Cameroon, Chad, DR Congo, (J. G. Kühn) G.P Clinton;(
tidak
Sorghum bicolor (sorgum,
bunga,
Egypt, Erythrea, Ethiopia, =Cintractia reiliana (J. G.
diproses sorghum), Zea mays
daun,
Ghana, Kenya, Malawi, Mali, Kühn) Clinton
II. jika MP (jagung, corn, maize), Zea
akar,
Mauritania, Mauritius, =Sorosporium holci-
diproses mays subsp. mays (sweet
batang,
Morocco, Mozambique, Niger, sorghi (Rivolta) Moesz
corn)
media
Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, =Sorosporium
Andropogon, Zea mexicana
tanam
Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, reilianum(J.G. Kühn)
(Zea mays subsp. mexicana)
Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, McAlpine =Sphacelotheca
Zambia, Zimbabwe holci-sorghi (Rivolta) Cif.
America: Argentina, Barbados, =Sporisorium holci-
Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, sorghi (Rivolta) Vánky
Colombia, El Salvador, =Sporisorium
Guatemala, Honduras, reilianum(J. G. Kühn)
Jamaica, Mexico, Panama, Langdon & Full.
USA, Uruguay
=Ustilago holci-sorghi Asia: Bhutan, China, India, Rivolta =Ustilago reiliana
Iran, Iraq, Israel, Japan, J. G. Kühn)
Kazakhstan, Korea Republic of, Basidiomycota;
Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal,
Microbotryales;Microbotryac Pakistan, Philippines, Taiwan, eae; Head smut of maize,
Yemen
loose smut Europe: Austria, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic and Slovakia, Estonia, Serbia, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia and Montenegro,Moldova, Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Spain, Switzerland, Ukraine Oceania: Australia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea
27. [a]:Alternaria citriEllis & N.
buah, dan Africa: Egypt, Kenya, Libya, Pierce(1992);
I: jika MP Citrus sp., Citrus jambhiri
Malawi, Morocco, Mozambique, [s]: -
tidak
(rough lemon), Citrus junos
daun.
Nigeria, South Africa, Sudan, Ascomycota,
diproses (yuzu), Citrus limon (lemon),
Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Pezizomycotina,
II. jika MP Citrus medica (citron), Citrus
diproses reticulata (mandarin), Citrus
Zimbabwe
Dothideomycetes; stalk end
America: Cuba, Jamaica, rot, stem end rot, navel end
sinensis (navel orange)
Puerto Rico, North America, rot, core rot of citrus, black
Mexico, USA, Argentina, rot of citrus fruit, brown
Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, spot of citrus, black rot of
Chile, Venezuela, Dominican Citrus , fruit rot of Citrus,
Republic, Ecuador, Paraguay, core rot of Citrus.
Peru, Uruguay, French Guiana, Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay Asia: Bhutan, China, India, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Japan, Korea Republic of (South Korea), Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan,
Turkey, Vietnam Europe: Bulgaria, Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Portugal, Russia, Spain Oceania: Australia, New Zealand
28. [a]:Aposphaeria ulei Henn.
America: Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, (1904); ( = Fusicladium
I: jika MP Hevea brasiliensis (karet,
tanaman,
Colombia, Costa Rica, heveae K. Schub. & U.
tidak
rubber tree)
batang
Ecuador,El Salvador, Guyana Braun (2003)
diproses
muda,
France, Guatemala, Guyana, =Fusicladium
II. jika MP
daun,
buah, alat Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, macrosporum Kuyper
diproses
Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, (1911) =Passalora heveae
angkut,
Suriname, Trinidad and Massee 1913
alat
pertanian, Tobago, Venezuela [s]:Microcyclus ulei (Henn.)
media
Arx (1962); ( =Dothidella
pembawa
ulei Henn. (1904)
lainnya
=Melanopsammopsis ulei (Henn.) Stahel (1917)
Ascomycota, Pezizomycotina, Dothideomycetes; American leaf blight of rubber
29. [a]:Armillaria heimii Pegler
Africa: Angola, Cameroon, DR (1977); (=Clitocybe
I: jika MP Anacardium occidentalis akar,
Congo, Congo, Ivory Coast, elegans R. Heim (1963);
tidak
(jambu mede, cashew nut),
batang,
Ethiopia, Gabon, Kenya, Armillariella elegans (R.
diproses Camellia cinensis (teh, tea),
tanah
Madagascar, Mozambique, Heim, 1974)
II. jika MP Coffea arabica (kopi, arabica
Nigeria, Reunion, South Africa, [s]: -
diproses coffe), Coffea canephora
Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Basidiomycota,
(kopi, robusta coffea), Hevea
brasiliensis (karet, rubber),
Zimbabwe
Agaricomycotina,
Manihot esculenta (ubi kayu,
Agaricomycetes; armillaria
cassava), Pinus ellioti (slash cassava), Pinus ellioti (slash
pine), Pinus radiate (radiate pine), Pinus taeda (loblolly pine), Prunus domestica (plum), Prunus persica (Japanese plum), Tectona grandis (teak), Theobromoa cacao (coklat, cocoa) Acacia mearnsii (black wattle), Acacia melanoxylon (Australian blackwood), Araucaria cunninghamii (colonial pine), Casuarina equisetifolia (casuarinas), Cinnamamum camphora (camphor laurel), Cocos nucifera (kelapa, coconut), Delonix regia (gold mohar), Eriobotrya japonica (loquat), Eucalyptus citriodora (lemon- scented gum), Grevillea robusta (silky oak), Jacaranda mimosifolia (Brazilian rosewood), Musa paradisiaca (pisang kepok, plantain), Pinus strobes (eastern white pine), Prunus (buah batu, stone fruit), Schinus molle (false pepper tree), swietenia (mahogany).
30. [a]:Ascochyta boltshauseri
America: Colombia Sacc. =Stagonosporopsis
I: jika MP Vigna spp. (buncis, cowpea)
biji,
tidak
Fabaceae, Poaceae
polong,
hortensis =Stagonospora
diproses
daun, daun,
II. jika MP
Stagonosporopsis boltshauseri =Phoma boltshauseri =Hendersonia hortensis =Phoma subboltshauseri) ;
[s]: - Ascomycota, Pezizomycotina, Dothideomycetes; bean blotch, bean leaf spot
31. [a]: Ascochyta
I: jika MP Gossypium barbadens biji, buah, Africa: Benin, DR Congo, gossypii (Woronichin)
Ethiopia, Kenya, Syd.;
tidak
(kapas, cotton)
daun,
Mauritius,Nigeria, South [s]: -
diproses Capsicum annuum (cabai,
batang
Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Ascomycota,
II. jika MP hot pepper, chilies, red
Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe Pezizomycotina,
diproses pepper), Abelmoschus
America: Argentina, Brazil, Dothideomycetes; ascochyta
moschatus (okra, lady’s
Chile, Colombia, Guatemala, blight of cotton, ascochyta
finger), Solanum melongena
Jamaica, Mexico, Panama, leaf spot, ascochyta
(terung, eggplant,
Puerto Rico, USA,Venezuela seedling blight, ashen spot,
aubergine),Nicotiana
Asia: Armenia, Azerbaijan, wet weather blight of cotton.
tabacum (tembakau,
tobacco), Glycine max
China, Taiwan, Georgia, India,
(kedelai, soybean), Vigna
Japan, Korea, Laos, Malaysia,
unguiculata , Hibiscus spp.,
Philippines
Vigna spp. (buncis, cowpea)
Europe: Greece Oceania: Australia, Papua New Guinea
32. [a]:Boeremia exigua var.
America: Canada linicola (Naumov &
I: jika MP Linum ussitatissimum (flax)
buah,
Europe: Belgium, Czech, Vassiljevsky) Aveskamp,
tidak
Vigna spp. (buncis, cowpea)
bunga,
Denmark, Estonia, France, Gruyter & Verkley (2010);
diproses
biji,
II. jika MP
batang,
Germany, Italy, Latvia,
( = Ascochyta linicola
Netherlands, Russia, Spain, Naumov & Vassiljevsky
(1926) Oceania: Australia, New [s]: Phoma exigua f. sp.
Zealand
linicola (Naumov & Vassiljevsky) Malc. &
E.G. Gray (1968) =Phoma exigua var. linicola
(Naumov & Vassiljevsky) P.W.T. Maas (1965) =Phoma belgica Cash (1972) =Phoma linicola É.J. Marchal & Verpl. (1926) =Diplodina lini Moesz & Smarods (1930)
Ascomycota, Pezizomycotina, Dothideomycetes; foot rot of flax
33. [a]: Botrytis aclada Fresen.
Africa: Egypt, Kenya, Morocco, =Botrytis allii Munn
I: jika MP Allium (onions, garlic, leek,
umbi
lapis,daun South Africa, Tanzania, =Botrytis septospora El-
tidak
etc.), Allium cepa (onion),
diproses Allium cepa var. aggregatum , bunga,
Zambia
America: Costa Rica, [s]: -
Helaly et al.;
II. jika MP (shallot)
biji
Guatemala, Jamaica, Panama, Ascomycota,
diproses Allium porrum (leek), Allium
Canada, USA, Brazil, Chile, Pezizomycotina,
sativum (garlic)
Colombia, Venezuela Leotiomycetes ; grey mould
Asia: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, of onion, neck rot of onion,
China, Taiwan, India, Iran, leaf rot of onion, small
Iraq, Israel, Japan, Korea sclerotial neck rot fungus,
Republic of (South Korea), neck rot fungus, grey mould
Nepal, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, neck rot of onion, small
Turkey, Vietnam Turkey, Vietnam
34. [a]:Botrytis gladiolorum
I: jika MP Gladiolus spp.
umbi,
Asia: Pakistan
=Sclerotinia draytonii )
diproses
[s]:Botryotinia
II. jika MP
draytonii (Buddin &
diproses
Wakefield) Seaver; Ascomycetes; corm rot
35. [a]:Botrytis porri N.F.
America: Canada, USA, Chile Buchw. (1949);
I: jika MP Allium (onions, garlic, leek,
umbi
lapis,daun Europe: Finland, Germany, (=Sclerotinia porri J.F.H.
tidak
etc.), Allium cepa (onion),
Hungary, Norway, UK Beyma (1927)
diproses Allium porrum (leek)
, bunga,
Oceania: Australia, New [s]: Botryotinia porri(H.J.F.
II. jika MP
Beyma) Whetzel (1945); Ascomycetes; Botrytis rot of garlic, Botrytis rot of leek, seedling damping-off of onion, neck rot of onion, mycelia onion neck rot
36. [a]:Botrytis squamosaJ.C.
Africa: Mauritius Walker, (1925)
I: jika MP Allium (onions, garlic, leek,
umbi
lapis,daun America: Canada, USA, Brazil [s]:Botryotinia
tidak
etc.), Allium cepa (onion)
diproses Allium chinense (spring
, bunga,
Asia: China, Japan, Korea, Asia: China, Japan, Korea,
DPR, Korea Republic of (South (1953); (=Sclerotinia
II. jika MP onion), Allium fistulosum
biji
diproses (Welsh onion), Allium
Korea)
squamosa (Vienn.-Bourg.
Europe: Belgium, Bulgaria, 1956)
schoenoprasum (chives),
Czech Republic, France, Ascomycota,
Allium tuberosum (Oriental
Germany, Ireland, Italy, Pezizomycotina,
garlic)
Netherlands, Poland, UK, Leotiomycetes; leaf blight of
Scotland
onion, neck rot of onion, Oceania: New Caledonia, New small sclerotial neck rot,
Zealand
onion leaf blight, onion neck rot
37. [a]: Botrytis tulipae Lind.
America: Canada, USA, (1913) =Sclerotium tulipae
I: jika MP Tulipa (tulip)
umbi
lapis,daun Argentina, Chile Lib. =Botrytis parasitica
tidak
Allium cepa (onion), Lilium
Asia: Iraq, Japan, Korea, DPR, Cavara (1888);
diproses (lily)
, bunga,
Korea Republic of (South [s]: -
II. jika MP
biji
Korea), Philippines Ascomycota,
diproses
Europe: Austria, Belgium, Pezizomycotina,
Bulgaria, Czech Republic and Leotiomycetes ; tulip fire
Slovakia, Denmark, Finland, Belarus, Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, Moldova, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgystan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Ukraina, Russia, Serbia, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Guernsey, Hungary, Italy, Jersey, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Romania,
Switzerland, UK Oceania: Australia, New Zealand
38. [a]:Catacauma huberi
America: Brazil, Guyana (Henn.) Theiss. & Syd.
I: jika MP Hevea brasiliensis (karet,
daun,
tidak
rubber tree)
huberi Henn. (1900)
II. jika MP
[s]: -
diproses
Ascomycota, Pezizomycotina, Sordariomycetes; black spot, tar spot
39. [a]:
I: jika MP Glycine max (kedelai,
biji
Africa: Egypt
America: Canada, Mexico, USA Alling & Chamb;
Cephalosporiumgregatum tidak
soybean)
diproses
Asia:Japan
Europe: Serbia, Slovenia, =Phialophora gregata
=Acremoniumgregatum
II. jika MP
Croatia, Bosnia and (Allington & D.W.
diproses
Herzegovina, Montenegro, Chamb.) W. Gams,
Macedonia
(1971); [s]:Cadophora gregata (Allington & D.W. Chamb.) T.C. Harr. & McNew, (2003);
Ascomycota, Pezizomycotina, Sordariomycetes;brown batang rot
40. [a]: Cercospora
America: Barbados, Jamaica duddiae Welles (1923);
I: jika MP Allium ascalonicum (bawang
tanaman,
tidak
merah, shallot), Allium
daun
Asia: India
[s]: -
diproses schoenoprasum (bawang
Ascomycota,
II. jika MP daun/leeks, chives)
Pezizomycotina,
diproses
Dothideomycetes; leaf spot of onion and garlic, withertip onion of and garlic, leaf spot: garlic, leaf spot: onion
41. [a]: Cercospora
buah, biji, Africa: Angola, Benin, elaeidis Steyaert (1948);
I: jika MP Elaeis guineensis (kelapa
Cameroon, DR Congo, Congo, [s]:Pseudospiropes elaeidis
tidak
sawit, oilpalm)
daun,
Gabon, Ghana, Guinea- (Steyaert) Deighton,
diproses
Bissau, Guinea, Ivory Coast, (1985);
II. jika MP
Liberia, Nigeria, Sao Tome & Ascomycota,
diproses
Principe, Senegal, Sierra Pezizomycotina,
Leone, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Dothideomycetes;
Zimbabwe, Antilles cercospora leaf spot, freckle
Netherlands, Suriname of oil palm, leaf spot of oil
Oceania: Australia palm, oil palm leaf spot
42. [a]: Cercospora epipactidis;
Europe: Italy, Germany, Rusia. =Cercospora missal ex.
I: jika MP Orchidaceae (anggrek,
II. jika MP
Pezizomycotina, Dothideomycetes; leaf spot
43. [a]: Colletotrichum
Africa: Angola, Burundi, kahawae J.M Waller &
I: jika MP Coffea spp. (kopi, coffee)
buah,
Cameroon, Central Africa, DR Bridge (1993);
tidak
bunga,
Congo,Congo, Ethiopia, Kenya, (=Colletotrichum
diproses
batang,
II. jika MP
Malawi, Mozambique,
Rwanda,Tanzania, Uganda, 'var. virulans');
coffeanum =C.coffeanum diproses
Zambia, Zimbabwe [s]: -
America: Cuba Ascomycota,
Pezizomycotina, Sordariomycetes; anthracnose of coffee, brown blight of coffee, coffee berry disease
44. [a]: Colletotrichum
Africa: Benin, Botswana, sublineolum (Henn.) ex
I: jika MP Sorghum bicolor (sorgum,
biji,
Burkina Faso, Burundi, Sacc. & Trotter (1913)
Cameroon, Central Africa, =Colletotrichum
diproses Poaceae (grasses), Zizania
daun,
Chad, DR Congo, Ethiopia, sublineolum Henn. ex
II. jika MP aquatica (annual wildrice)
batang,
Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Sacc. & Trotter (1913);
diproses
Malawi, Mali, Mozambique, [s]: -
Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Ascomycota,
Senegal, Sierra Leone, South Pezizomycotina,
Africa, Sudan, Swaziland, Sordariomycetes; sorghum
Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, anthracnose, stalk red rot
Zambia, Zimbabwe. of sorghum, red leaf spot of
America: Argentina, Brazil, sorghum, head blight of
Barbados, Canada, Colombia, sorghum
Costa Rica, Cuba, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Puerto Rico, Trinidad and Tobago, USA, Guyana, Venezuela Asia: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, Taiwan, India, Japan, South Korea, Lebanon, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand. Europe: Romania, UK. Oceania: Australia, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands
45. [a]:Coniothyrium fuckelii
Africa: Kenya, Malawi, Sacc. (1878); (
I: jika MP Rubus spp., Rosa spp.
tanaman,
Morocco, Nigeria, South Africa, =Microsphaeropsis fuckelii
tidak
(mawar, rose).
batang,
Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe (Sacc.) Boerema
diproses Ribes, Vaccinium, Fragaria,
media
America: Argentina, Brazil, [s]:Sphaeria coniothyrium
II. jika MP Bambusa, Juniperus, Malus tanam
Colombia, Cuba, Canada, USA Fuckel, (1870); (
diproses domesticum ( apel, apple),
Asia: Bangladesh, Brunei, =Leptosphaeria
Pinus sylvestris , buah batu
China, India, Japan, Kuwait, coniothyrium (Fuckel)
(stone fruit), Taxus, Thuja
Malaysia, Nepal, Pakistan, Sacc., (1875); Diapleella
Thailand, Turkmenistan coniothyrium (Fuckel)
Europe: Austria, Bulgaria, M.E. Barr, (1986);
Cyprus, Czech, Denmark, Kalmusia coniothyrium Estonia, Finland, France,
(Fuckel) Huhndorf, Germany, Greece, Hungary, (1992); Melanomma
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, coniothyrium (Fuckel) L.
Lithuania, Netherlands, Holm, (1957); Sphaeria
Poland, Portugal, Rusia, coniothyrium Fuckel,
Slovakia, Spain, Switzerland, (1870)
UK, Serbia, Slovenia, Croatia, Ascomycota,
Bosnia and Herzegovina, Pezizomycotina,
Montenegro, Macedonia, Dothideomycetes; cane
Oceania: Australia, Fiji, New blight, rose blight, apple
Zealand, Papua New Guinea canker, pine needle blight, rose stem canker
46. [a]: Coniothyrium
America: Canada, USA wernsdorffiaeLaubert
I: jika MP Rosa spp. (mawar, rose)
tanaman,
Europe: Austria, Bulgaria, (91905); =Coniothyrium
tidak
batang
Denmark, France, Germany, cystotricha;
diproses
Greece, Italy, Lithuania, [s]: -
II. jika MP
Netherlands, Poland, Rusia, Ascomycota,
diproses
Sweden, Ukraine, UK Pezizomycotina,
Oceania: Australia Dothideomycetes; rose brand canker
47. [a]:Cylindrocarpon
Africa: South Africa, heteronemum (Berk. &
I: jika MP Albizia lebbeck, Acer
batang,
tidak
pseudoplatanus, Aesculus
buah,
Madagascar
Broome) Wollenw. (1928);
America: North America ( = Fusarium willkommii
diproses hippocastanum, Ainus
polong
II. jika MP glutinosa, Batula pubescens,
Asia: Japan
Europe: England =Cylindrocarpon
J. Lindau (1909)
diproses Juglans sp, Fraxinus
excelsior, Fogus silvatica,
willkommii (Lindau)
Platanus orientalis, Pupulus
Wollenw. (1928)
spp, Quercus robus, Salix
=Cylindrocarpon
alba, S. vitallina, Tillia spp,
willkommii var. minus
Ulmus glabra
Wollenw. (1928) =Cylindrocarpon willkommii var. pluriseptatum Wollenw. (1928)
[s]:Neonectria ditissima (Tul. & C. Tul.) Samuels & Rossman (2006); (=Nectria ditissima Tul. &
C. Tul. (1865) =Nectria ditissima var. ditissima Wollenw. (1865) =Nectria ditissima var. arctica Wollenw. (1926) =Nectria galligena Bres.(1901) =Neonectria galligena (Bres.) Rossman & Samuels (1999) =Fusarium heteronemum Berk. & Broome (1865) =Cylindrocarpon heteronema (Berk. &
Broome) Wollenw. (1928) =Nectria magnoliae M.L. Lohman & Hepting (1943) =Fusarium mali Allesch. (1892) =Cylindrocarpon mali (Allesch.) Wollenw. (1928)
Ascomycota, Pezizomycotina, Sordariomycetes; Hardwoods perennial canker, nectria cancer
48. [a]:Dematophora necatrix R.
Africa: Central Africa, DR Hartig (1883) =Graphium
I: jika MP Actinidia deliciosa (kiwi, kiwi tanaman,
Congo, Ethiopia, Kenya, desmazierii Sacc.
tidak
fruit), Begonia, Boehmeria
umbi,
Morocco, Mozambique, Nigeria, (1878)[1879] =Hypoxylon
diproses nivea ( rami, ramie), Camellia akar,
South Africa, Réunion necatrix (R. Hartig)
II. jika MP sinensis (teh, tea), Citrus
batang,
America: Argentina, Brazil, P.M.D. Martin (1976)
diproses spp., Cydonia oblonga,
media
Colombia, Dominica, Mexico, =Rhizomorpha necatrix R.
Cynara scolymus (artisyok,
tanam
artichoke), Cyclamen,
USA
Asia: China,Taiwan, Georgia, [s]:Rosellinia
Hartig (1883)
Dianthus , Eriobotrya
India, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Japan, necatrix Prill.(1902);
japonica , Ficus carica,
South Korea, Lebanon, Ascomycota,
Fragaria vesca (arbei,
Philippines, Turkey Pezizomycotina,
strawberry), Jasminum
Europe: Austria, Bulgaria, Sordariomycetes;
sambac ( melati, jasmine),
Cyprus, France, Germany, dematophora root rot, white
Malus domesticum ( apel,
Greece, Italy, Portugal, root rot of trees
apple), Morus, Narcissus,
Olea europea sub sp.
Romania, Southern Russia,
europea (zaitum, olive),
Spain, Switzerland, Ukraine,
Paeonia, Populus , Prunus
UK, Serbia, Slovenia, Croatia,
cerrasus (ceri, cherry), Pyrus
Bosnia and Herzegovina,
communis ( pir, pear), Rosa
Montenegro, Macedonia,
spp. (mawar, rose), Viola,
Oceania: New Zealand
Vitis vinifera (anggur, grapevine) cerealia, Abies alba, Acacia, Acer, Aesculus, Annona,Asparagus officinalis (asparagus, asparagus), Beta vulgaris var saccharifera (bit gula, sugar beet), Berberis, Brassica oleracea capitata (kubis, cabbage), Ceanothus megacarpus , Cedrus atlantica , Coffea spp. (kopi, coffee), Castanea sativa, Cotoneaster , Carya, Corylus avellana , Cyperus esculentus , Daucus carota (wortel, carrot), Diospyros, Eucalyptus, Fagus,Feijoa sellowiana, Fragaria, Gladiolus hybrids, Helianthus annuus (bunga matahari, sunflower), Humulus lupulus , Hyacinthus , Ilex aquifolium, Iris, Juglans , Juglans regia, Ixia, Lavandula , Larix decidua , Ligustrum vulgare, Laurus nobilis , Malus, Manihot esculenta (ubi kayu, cassava), Macadamia, Medicago sativa , Mangifera indica (mangga, mango),
Passiflora quadrangularis (markisa, passion- fruit, granadilla), Persea americana (alpokat, avocado), Pelargonium, Phaseolus , Pistacia vera, Picea abies , Piper nigrum (lada, pepper), Pinus merkusii (tusam, pinetree), Platanus , buah batu (stone fruit), Protea, Punica granatum (delima, pomegranate), Pyracantha, Pyrus communis ( pir, pear), azalea, Ribes , Rubus spp., Rumex, Salix , Solanum tuberosum (kentang, potato), Sorbus aucuparia , Theobroma cacao (kakao, cocoa), Crocosmia crocosmiiflora , Tulipa, Ulmus, Viburnum, Vicia, Vitis , Zea mays (jagung, corn, maize), Ziziphus jujuba , Zantedeschia
49. [a]:Denticularia mangiferae
I: jika MP Mangifera indica (mangga,
daun,
Africa: Kenya
America: Brazil, Canada, Alcorn, Grice & R.A.
(Bitanc. & Jenkins)
Cuba, Dominica, Haiti, Peterson 1999
diproses
Jamaica, Panama, Puerto Rico, =Sphaceloma mangiferae
II. jika MP
diproses
USA
Bitanc. & Jenkins 1956 Asia: Taiwan, India, Nepal, [s]:Elsinoe mangiferae
Philippines
Bitanc. & Jenkins 1946 Oceania: Australia Ascomycetes; mango scab
50. [a]: Diplodia laelio-
I: jika MP Cattleya sp. (anggrek
tanaman,
America: all
cattleyae Sibilia (1927);
tidak
cattleya, cattleya)
II. jika MP
Pezizomycotina,
diproses
Dothideomycetes; leaf spot
51. [a]: Fusarium
Africa: Kenya, Nigeria avenaceum (Fr.: Fr.) Sacc.
I: jika MP Albizia julibrissin (silk tree)
biji,akar
America: Brazil, Chile, Mexico, (1886) =Fusarium roseum
tidak
Clausena lansium (wampi),
buah,
Puerto Rico, Peru, USA var. avenaceum Fr.: Fr.)
diproses Cucurbita (pumpkin),
batang,
Asia: China, India, Iran Wollenw. (1930
II. jika MP Fraxinus excelsior (ash),
media
Europe: Hungary, Poland, =Fusarium avenaceum
diproses Gossypium (cotton), Ipomea
tanam
batatas , (sweet potato),
Slovenia, UK
f.sp. fabae =Fusarium
Oceania: Australia, New avenaceum subsp.
Morus (melberrytree), Oryza
sativa (rice), Piper betle (betel
Zealand.
aywerte) pepper), Pseudotsuga
[s]: Gibberella avenaceae
menziesii (Douglas-fir), Pyrus
R.J. Cook (1967);
communis (European pear),
Ascomycota,
Solanum tuberosum (potato),
Pezizomycotina,
Theobroma cacao (cocoa)
Sordariomycetes; Fusarium blight; head blight; stem base disease; scab
52. [a]:Fusarium
Africa: widespread, Nigeria chlamydosporum Wollenw.
I: jika MP Morus (mulberrytree),
biji, akar,
tidak
Pennisetum glaucum (pearl
batang,
America: USA.
& Reinking 1925;
Asia: China, India (Haryana), (=Fusarium fusarioides
diproses millet), Sorghum bicolor
media
II. jika MP (sorgum, sorghum)
tanam
Saudi Arabia.
(Gonz. Frag. & Cif. ) C. diproses Oceania: Australia Booth 1971; Fusarium sporotrichioides var. chlamydosporum
(Wollenw. & Reinking) Joffe 1974 =Dactylium fusarioides Gonz. Frag. & Cif. 1928
[s]: - Ascomycota, Pezizomycotina, Sordariomycetes; wilt cotton
53. [a]:Fusarium graminearum
I: jika MP Alopecurus pratensis biji, buah, Africa: widespread, Egypt, Schwabe (1838) (
Gambia, Kenya, Malawi, =Fusarium roseum Link
tidak
(Meadow foxtail), Avena
bunga,
Nigeria, South Africa, Tunisia, emend Snyder & Hansen
diproses sativa (oats), Glycine max
daun,
Zambia, Zimbabwe. (1945)
II. jika MP (kedelai, soyabean),
akar,
America: Costa Rica, [s]:Gibberella zeae
diproses Hordeum vulgare (barley),
batang,
Dominica, Grenada, Honduras, (Schwein.: Fr.) Petch
Linum usitassimum (flax),
media
St. Lucia, St. Vincent and the (1936); ( =Sphaeria zeae
Lupinus (lupins), Nicotiana
tanam
Grenadines, Windward Island, Schwein.: Fr. (1822) =;
tabacum (tembakau,
Canada, Mexico, USA., Gibberella roseum (Link)
tobacco), Oryza sativa (padi,
Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, W.C. Snyder & E.M.
rice), Pennisetum glaucum
Colombia, Paraguay, Peru, Hans. (1945) =;
(pearl millet), Secale cereale
(rye), Sorghum bicolor
Uruguay.
Asia: China, Iran, Japan, cerealis (Cooke) W.C.
Gibberella roseum f. (sorghum), Triticum aestivum
Kazakhstan, South Korea, Snyder & H.N. Hansen; =
(wheat), Zea mays (jagung,
Lebanon, Pakistan, Saudi Gibberella saubinetii ;
maize)
Arabia, Sri Lanka, Turkey. =Gibberella cyanogena;
Acacia mearnsii (black
Europe: Austria, Bulgaria, Dothidea zeae Schwein.
wattle), Azadirachta indica
Croatia, Czech, Finland, (1832)
(neem tree), Brassica,
France, Germany, Greece, Ascomycota,
Dianthus (carnation),
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Pezizomycotina,
Gardenia jasminoides (cape
Italy, Lithuania, Moldova, Sordariomycetes;
jasmine), Gossypium
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, headblight of maize, scab of
(cotton), Lycopersicon,
Portugal, Romania, Russia, maize, root rot of maize,
Mangifera indica (mangga,
mango), Medicago (medic),
Russia, Serbia-Montenegro, Russia, Serbia-Montenegro,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, maize, gibberella stalk rot,
Medicago littoralis (strand
Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, gibberella ear rot, red ear
medick), Musa x paradisiaca
UK, Serbia, Slovenia, Croatia, rot, pink ear rot, fusarium
(plantain), Panicum
Bosnia and Herzegovina, root and stalk rot, cobweb
miliaceum (millet), Phaseolus
Montenegro, Macedonia, disease
vulgaris (common bean),
Pinus sylvestris (Scots pine),
Oceania: Australia, Fiji, New
Pisum (pea), Rubus idaeus
Zealand. Papua New Guinea,
(raspberry), Solanum
Solomon Islands Islands.
(nightshade), Trifolium (clovers), Triticale, Vicia faba ( Broad bean), Zingiber officinale (jahe, ginger)
54. [a]: Fusarium
biji, buah, Africa: Benin, Cameroon, DR oxysporumf.sp.
I: jika MP Elaeis guineensis (kelapa
Congo, Congo, Ivory Coast, elaeidis Schltdl.: Fr.
tidak
sawit, oilpalm)
bunga,
Ghana, Nigeria (1824) ( =Fusarium
diproses batang,
America: Brazil, Colombia, angustum Sherb. (1915);
II. jika MP
daun,
Ecuador, Suriname, Costa [s]: -
Pezizomycotina, Sordariomycetes; fusarium wilt of oil palm, vascular oil palm wilt
55. [a]:Fusarium
Africa: Egypt, Kenya, Sierra sporotrichioides Sherb.
I: jika MP Avena sativa (oats),
biji,
Leone, South Africa, Tanzania (1915); ( =Fusarium
tidak
Hordeum vulgare (barley),
batang,
America: Barbados, Canada, sporotrichiella var.
diproses Lolium perenne (perennial
media
II. jika MP ryegrass), Triticum aestivum
tanam
USA, Brazil
sporotrichioides (Sherb.)
Asia: China, India, Japan, Bilai (1953); Fusarium
diproses (wheat), Zea mays (maize)
Pakistan, Thailand, Turkey sporotrichioides var.
Glycine max (soyabean),
Europe: Austria, Cyprus, sporotrichioides Sherb.
Medicago sativa (lucerne),
Czech Republic, Denmark, (1915)
Pinus strobus (eastern white
pine), Pisum sativum (pea),
Germany, Ireland, Italy,
[s]: -
Poland, Portugal, Russia, UK Ascomycota,
turfgrasses, Zizania palustris
Oceania: Australia, New Pezizomycotina,
(northern wild rice (USA)
Zealand
Sordariomycetes; kernel rot of maize, blight of grasses, foot rot of carnation
56. [a]:Fusarium xylarioides
Africa: Angola, Burkina Faso, Steyaert (1948); =
I: jika MP Coffea spp. (kopi, coffee)
akar,
Cameroon, Central Africa, Fusarium lateritium f. sp.
tidak
Gossypium barbadens batang,
Congo, DR Congo, Ivory Coast, xylarioides W.L. Gordon
diproses (kapas, cotton), Solanum
media
Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, (1965); =Fusarium
II. jika MP lycopersicum (tomat,
tanam
Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, oxysporum f. xylarioides
diproses tomato), Musa paradisiaca
Guinea, Niger, Nigeria, (Steyaert) Delassus
(pisang kepok, plantain)
Rwanda, Senegal, South (1954)
Africa, Sudan, Swaziland, [s]:Gibberella xylarioides R.
Tanzania, Togo,Uganda, Heim & Saccas (1950)
Zimbabwe
Ascomycota, America: El Salvador Pezizomycotina, Sordariomycetes; coffee wilt, sudden death of coffee, tracheomycosis of coffee, vascular wilt of coffee
57. [a]:Fusicladium porni (Fr.:
Africa: Egypt, Ethiopia, Ghana, Fr.) Lind;( =Spilicaea porni
I: jika MP Malus domesticum ( apel,
buah,
Kenya, Libya, Morocco, South Fr.: Fr. =Spilocaea
Africa, Zimbabwe amelanchieris
diproses Crataegus laevigata ,
daun,
America: Argentina, Bolivia, =Actinonema crataegi
I.C. Harv.
II. jika MP Cotoneaster, Malus,
batang
Brazil, Canada, Chile, Pers. =Capillaria crataegi
diproses Pyracantha , Pyrus communis
Colombia, Guatemala, Mexico, (Pers.) Link =Phlyctidium
( pir, pear), Sorbus, Viburnum
Peru, USA, Uruguay crataegi (Pers.) Wallr.
Asia: Afghanistan, Bhutan, =Spilocaea crataegi (Pers.)
China, India, Iran, Iraq, Israel, S. Hughes =Asteroma
Japan, Jordan, Korea, Japan, Jordan, Korea,
Arabia, Syria, Turkey porni Desm. =Asteroma
Europe: Austria, Belgium, crataegi var. sorbi Desm.
Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech, =Cladosporium
Slovakia, Denmark, Finland, dendriticum Wallr.
France, Germany, Greece, =Fusicladium dendriticum
Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Malta,
f. microsperma Roum. Netherlands, Norway, Poland, =Fusicladium dendriticum
Portugal, Romania, Rusia, var. eriobotyrae Scalia
Sweden, Switzerland, UK, =Fusicladium dendriticum
Serbia, Slovenia, Croatia, var. pyracanthae Thüm.
Bosnia and Herzegovina, =Fusicladium dendriticum
Montenegro, Macedonia var. sorbi-torminalis
Oceania: Australia, New Savul. & Sandu
Zealand
=Fusicladium dendriticum var. sorbinum Sacc.
=Basiascum eriobotryae Cavara =Fusicladium eriobotryae (Cavara) Cavara =Fusicladium melanconioides Ferraris =Spilocaea eriobotryae (Cavara) S. Hughes =Fusicladium lalandi É.J. Marchal & Verpl. =Asteroma mali Desm. =Coniosporium mali Dearn. & W.R. Foster =Fumago mali Pers. =Cladosporium orbiculatum Desm.
=Fusicladium orbiculatum (Desm.) Thüm. =Passalora dendritica var. orbiculata (Desm.) Berk. =Fusicladium dendriticum var. orbiculatum (Desm.) Sacc. =Fusicladium photinicola McClain =Spilocaea photinicola (McClain) M.B. Ellis =Spilocaea photiniicola (McClain) M.B. Ellis =Fusicladium pirinum var. amelanchieris Sacc. =Fusicladium pirinum var. pyracanthae Thüm. =Fusicladium pyrinum var. pyracanthae Thüm. =Actinonema pomi Lév. =Passalora pyracanthae
G.H. Otth =Spilocaea pyracanthae (G.H. Otth) Arx =Fusicladium pyracanthae (G.H. Otth) Vienn.-ourg. =Napicladium soraueri Thüm. =Fusicladium dendriticum var. soraueri (Thüm.) Sacc. =Fusicladium dendriticum var. soraureri (Thüm.) Sacc. =Napicladium G.H. Otth =Spilocaea pyracanthae (G.H. Otth) Arx =Fusicladium pyracanthae (G.H. Otth) Vienn.-ourg. =Napicladium soraueri Thüm. =Fusicladium dendriticum var. soraueri (Thüm.) Sacc. =Fusicladium dendriticum var. soraureri (Thüm.) Sacc. =Napicladium
[s]:Venturia inaequalis (Cooke) G.Winter; ( =Sphaerella inaequalis Cooke =Endostigme cinerascens (Aderh.) Jorst. =Spilosticta cinerascens (Aderh.) Petr. =Didymosphaeria inaequalis (Cooke) Niessl =Endostigme inaequalis (Cooke) Syd. =Spilosticta inaequalis (Cooke) Petr. =Venturia inaequalis var. cinerascens Aderh. =Phaeosphaerella berolinensis Kirschst. =Venturia chlorospora f. sp. mali Aderh. =Sphaerella cinerascens Fleischh. =Sphaeria cinerascens Fuckel =Venturia inaequalis f. sp. mali R. Menon)
Ascomycota; Pleosporales;
Venturiaceae; apple scab, apple black spot, apple scab, black spot
58. [a]:Gloeocercospora sorghi
I: jika MP Sorghum bicolor (sorgum,
biji, daun, Africa: Benin, Burkina Faso,
Central African Republic, Deighton, (1971); (
D.C. Bain & Edgerton ex
Chad, Congo, Eritrea, =Microdochium sorghi
diproses Agrostis capillaris (brown
Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, (D.C. Bain & Edgerton ex
II. jika MP bentgrass), Agrostis
Kenya, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Deighton) U. Braun,
diproses stolonifera var. palustris
Rwanda, Senegal, Somalia, (1995);
(bent grass), Cynodon
Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, [s]: -
dactylon (Bermuda grass),
Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe. Ascomycota,
Pennisetum glaucum (pearl
America: Belize, El Salvador, Pezizomycotina,
millet), Pennisetum
Guatemala, Haiti, Nicaragua, Sordariomycetes; zonate
purpureum (elephant grass),
Panama, Mexico, USA, leaf spot
Saccharum officinarum (tebu,
sugarcane), Sorghum
Argentina, Brazil, Venezuela.
halepense (Johnson grass),
Asia: China, Taiwan, India,
Sorghum sudanense (Sudan
Japan, North Korea, Malaysia,
grass), Zea mays (jagung,
Philippines, Thailand.
maize)
Europe: Russia Oceania: American, Samoa, Australia, Samoa, Tonga.
59. [a]:Gloeodes pomigena
America: Brazil,USA (Schwein.) Colby (1920)
I: jika MP Malus domesticum ( apel,
daun,
Asia: India, Japan [s]:Dothidea pomigena
Europe: Germany Schwein. (1832); (
diproses Citrus spp., Magnolia spp.,
buah
II. jika MP Vitis vinifera (anggur,
=Phyllachora pomigena
diproses grapevine), Orchidaceae
(Schwein.) Sacc. (1883)
(anggrek, orchid), Querqus
Ascomycota, Gloeodes;
spp.
sooty blotch on twig & fruit
60. [a]:Heterosporium allii-cepae
I: jika MP Allium cepa (onion), Allium
daun,
America:Brazil
Ranoj., (1910); (
Asia: South Korea =Cladosporium allii-cepae
tidak
porum (leek), Allium
umbi
diproses fistulosum (welsh onoin)
Europe: Germany, Switzerland,
(Ranoj.) M.B. Ellis, (1976)
II. jika MP
UK
[s]:Davidiella allii-cepae
diproses
( M.M. Jord., Maude & Burchill) Crous & U. Braun, (2003)
Ascomycota, Pezizomycotina,
Dothideomycetes; leafspot
61. [a]:Hypoxylon nummularium
Africa: Kenya, South Africa Bull., (1791); (
I: jika MP Camellia sinensis (teh, tea),
tanaman,
tidak
Malus domesticum ( apel,
akar,
Asia: Japan
=Biscogniauxia
diproses apple), Pyrus communis (pir,
batang,
Europe: UK
nummularia (Bull.)
II. jika MP pear)
media
Kuntze, (1891);
diproses Vitis vinifera (anggur,
tanam
Hypoxylon nummularium grapevine)
var. nummularium; Nemania decorticata (Sowerby) Gray, (1821); Nummularia nummularia (Bull.) J. Schröt., (1897); Numulariola nummularia (Bull.) House, (1925);
[s]:Sphaeria decorticata Sowerby, (1799) (=Sphaeria decorticans Sowerby; Sphaeria nummularia (Bull.) DC., (1805)
Ascomycota, Pezizomycotina, Sordariomycetes; tea wood rot, tea root rot, rot root, tarry root rot
62. [a]:Micronectriella nivalis
Africa: Egypt, Ethiopia, (Schaffnit) C. Booth
I: jika MP Avena sativa (oat, oats),
biji,
Senegal, Zambia. (1971) =Fusarium nivale
tidak
Hordeum vulgare (barley),
bunga,
America: Canada, Mexico, =.Gerlachia nivalis
diproses Secale cereale (rye), Triticum daun,
USA, Bolivia, Brazil. =Fusarium nivale f.sp.
II. jika MP aestivum (gandum, wheat).
batang,
Asia: Bahrain, China, India, graminicola =Fusarium
diproses Agrostis canina (velvet
akar
Japan, Pakistan. nivale var.nivale
bentgrass), Agrostis
Europe: Austria, Belgium, =Fusarium nivale var.
stolonifera (creeping
Czech, Denmark, Estonia, majus =Microdochium
bentgrass), Festuca rubra
Finland, Belarus, Latvia, nivale =Calonectria
(red fescue), Oryza sativa
Lithuania, Estonia, Moldova, graminicola F.Stevens);
(padi, rice), turfgrasses.
Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, [s]: Monographella nivalis
Kazakhstan, Kyrgystan, (Schaffnit) E. Müll.
Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, (1977); ( = Calonectria
Uzbekistan, Ukraina, Russia, nivalis Schaffnit (1913)
Serbia, Slovenia, Croatia, =Griphosphaeria nivalis
Bosnia and Herzegovina, (Schaffnit) E. Müll. & Arx
Montenegro, Macedonia, (1955)
France, Germany, Iceland, Ascomycota,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Pezizomycotina,
Lithuania, Netherlands, Sordariomycetes; foot rot of
Norway, Poland, Romania, cereals, snow blight of
Russia, Serbia-Montenegro, cereals, head blight of
Slovakia, Sweden, Switzerland, cereals, pink snow mould of
Ukraine, UK.
cereals, seedling blight of Oceania: Australia, New cereals, snow mould of
Zealand
cereals, Fusarium patch of turf, Microdochium patch of turf, pink snow mould of turf
63. [a]: Monilia fructicolaL.R.
Africa: Egypt, Nigeria, South Batra
I: jika MP Prunus avium (sweet cherry), bunga,
Africa, Zimbabwe [s]: Monilinia fructicola(G.
tidak
Prunus domestica (plum),
buah,
America: Canada, Mexico, Winter) Honey (
diproses Prunus persica (peach),
daun,
USA, Guatemala, Panama, =Sclerotinia fructicola (G.
II. jika MP Prunus salicina (Japanese
tangkai
Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia, Winter) Rehm)
diproses plum)
buah,
Chile, Ecuador, Paraguay, Ascomycota; Helotiales;
Carica papaya (papaw),
media
Peru, Uruguay, Venezuela Sclerotiniaceae; Brown rot,
Malus domestica (apple),
tanam
Asia: China, India, Korea American brown rot of stone
Prunus armeniaca (apricot),
Republic of, Taiwan, Yemen fruit, brown rot of apple,
Prunus cerasus (sour
Europe: Austria, Belgium, brown rot of cherry, twig
cherry), Prunus dulcis
Czech Republic and Slovakia, canker of stone fruit
(almond), Rubus fruticosus
(blackberry)
France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Netherland, Serbia,Spain, Switzerland, UK Oceania: Australia, New Caledonia, New Zealand
64. [a]:Monilia laxa (Ehrenb.)
Africa: Morocco, South Africa Sacc. & Voglino (1886); (
I: jika MP Prunus armeniaca (apricot),
buah,
America: Guatemala, Canada, = Oidium laxum Ehrenb.
tidak
Prunusavium (sweet cherry), bunga,
USA, Argentina, Brazil, Chile, (1818) =Oospora laxa
diproses Prunus cerasus (sour
daun,
II. jika MP cherry), Prunus domestica
batang
Uruguay,
(Ehrenb.) Wallr. (1833)
Asia: Afghanistan, Bhutan, =Acrosporium laxum
diproses (plum), Prunusdulcis
China, India, Iraq, Israel, (Ehrenb.) Pers. (1822)
(almond), Prunus persica
Japan, Lebanon, Turkey, =Sclerotinia cerasi
(peach)
Europe: Austria, Belgium, Woronin (1895)
Cydonia oblonga (quince),
Bulgaria, Czech Republic, =Stromatinia cerasi
Malus domestica (apple),
Czech Republic and Slovakia, (Woronin) Boud. (1907)
Prunus triloba (Rose tree of
Denmark, Finland, Belarus, =Monilia cinerea Bonord.
China), Pyrus communis
Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, (1851) =Sclerotinia
(European pear)
Moldova, Armenia, Azerbaijan, cinerea (Bonord.) J.
Georgia, Kazakhstan, Schröt. (1893) =Monilia
Kyrgystan, Tajikistan, oregonensis Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan,
[s]:Sclerotinia laxa Aderh. & Ukraina, Russia, Serbia, Ruhland (1905)
Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and (=Stromatinia laxa (Aderh.
Herzegovina, Montenegro, & Ruhland)
Macedonia, France, Germany, (Chifflot,1921)
Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Ascomycota,
Italy, Moldova, Netherlands, Pezizomycotina,
Norway, Poland, Portugal, Leotiomycetes; blossom
Romania, Slovakia, Spain, blight, mummufying fruit,
Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, blossom wilt, brown rot of
UK
stone fruits, spur blight, Oceania: Australia, New twig canker, wither tip
Zealand
65. [a]:Monilochaetes infuscans
Africa: Sierra Leone, South Ellis & Halst. (1890); ( =
I: jika MP Ipomoea batatas (ubi jalar,
umbi,
Africa, Zimbabwe Dischloridium
tidak
sweet potato)
batang,
America: Argentina, Brazil, cylindrospermum S.K.
diproses
media
II. jika MP
tanam
USA
Asia: China, Taiwan, Israel, [s]: -
Srivast. (1987)[1986]
diproses
Japan, Korea, Sri Lanka Ascomycota,
Europe: Italy, Portugal Pezizomycotina,
Oceania: Australia, Palau, Sordariomycetes; scurf of
Cook Islands, Micronesia, New sweet potato, manure stain,
Zealand, Northern Mariana soils stain
Island, Papua New Guinea, Vanuatu
66. [a]:Oidium anacardii F.
Africa: Malawi, Tanzania Noack (1898); ( =
I: jika MP Anacardium occidentale tanaman,
tidak
(jambu mete, cashew-nut)
daun,
Acrosporium anacardii (F.
diproses
buah
Noack) J.A. Stev. (1975)
II. jika MP
=Oidium erysiphoidesf.
diproses
citri J.M. Yen (1967) =Oidium citri (J.M. Yen) U. Braun (1982) =Oidium citri J.M. Yen (1967) =Oidium citri (J.M. Yen) U. Braun (1982) =Oidium
B.A. Steinm.
(1925) =Acrosporium heveae (B.A. Steinm.) Subram. (1971) =Oidium mangiferae Berthet (1914) =Acrosporium mangiferae (Berthet) Subram. (1971)
[s]:Erysiphe quercicola S. Takam. & U. Braun (2007)
Ascomycota, Pezizomycotina, Leotiomycetes; powdery mildew
67. [a]:Oidium passeriniiBertol.
Africa: Agypt. Libya, Morocco, [s]: Podosphaera
I: jika MP Prunus (stone fruit), Prunus
buah
South Africa, Spain tridactyla (Wallr.) de Bary(
tidak
armeniaca (apricot), Prunus
America: Canada, USA, =Podosphaera
diproses avium (sweet cherry), Prunus
Argentina, Chile, Acuador, oxyacanthae var.
II. jika MP dulcis (almond)
diproses
Peru
tridactyla (Wallr.)Salmon Asia: Afghanistan, Armenia, =Podosphaera
Azerbaijan, Georgia Republic clandestina var. tridactyla
of, India, Iran, Iraq, Israel, (Wallr.) W.B. Cooke
Japan, Jordan, Korea Republic =Alphitomorpha tridactyla
of, Kyrgyzstan, Lebanon, Saudi Wallr. =Erysiphe
Arabia, Taiwan, Tajikistan, tridactyla (Wallr.)
Turkey, Turkmenistan, Rabenh. =Erysiphe
Uzbekistan, Yemen bertolinii Roum.)
Europe: Bulgaria, Czech Ascomycota; Erysiphales;
Republic and Slovakia, Erysiphaceae
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Netherland, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukaraine, UK, Serbia and Monteneggro (Yugoslavia) Oceania: Australia, Ne Zealand
68. [a]: Penicillium
Africa: Agypt, Ghana, Kenya, expansum Link. (
I: jika MP Malus domestica (apple)
buah
Mauritius, Morocco, Nigeria, =Penicillium crustaceum
tidak
Brassica oleracea var.
South Africa, Zimbabwe Link. =Penicillium
diproses gemmifera (Brussels
America: Canada, USA, glaucum Stoll.)
II. jika MP sprouts), Cydonia oblonga
Honduras, Nicaragua, [s]: -
diproses (quince), Fragaria ananassa
Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Ascomycota; Eurotiales;
(strawberry), Gossypium
Uruguay, Venezuela Trichocomaceae; Blue
hirsutum (Bourbon cotton),
Asia: Armenia, Brunei mould of stored apple, soft
Hordeum vulgare (barley),
Darussalam, China, Georgia rot of apple, soft rot of
Lilium (lily), Phoenix
Republic of, India, Iran, Israel, grape, storage rot of fruit
dactylifera (date-palm),
Prunus armeniaca (apricot),
Japan, Kazakhstan, Korea
Prunus avium (sweet cherry),
DPR (North Korea), Korea
Prunus domestica (plum),
Republic of (South Korea),
Prunus persica (peach),
Philippines, Sri Lanka, Saudi Punica granatum Arabia, Turkey
(pomegranate), Pyrus
Aurope: Belgium, Bulgaria,
communis (European pear),
Cyprus, Czech Republic and
Rheum hybridum (rhubarb),
Slovakia, Denmark, France, Solanum lycopersicum Greece, Italy, Latvia,
(tomato), Triticum aestivum
Lithuania, Poland, Romania,
(wheat), Vaccinium
Slovakia, Spain, Sweden,
(blueberries), Vitis vinifera
Ukraine, UK, Serbia and
(grapevine), Zea mays
Montenegro
(maize), Allium cepa (onion),
Oceania: Australia, New
Allium sativum (garlic), Beta
Zealand
vulgaris var. saccharifera (sugarbeet)
69. [a]:Periconia manihoticola
I: jika MP Hevea brasiliensis (karet,
tanaman,
Asia: India
(Vincens) Viegas,
Oceania: Fiji, Papua New Bragantia 14:63 (1955); (
tidak
rubber tree), Acasia spp.,
daun,
Guinea, Solomon Islands, =Haplographium
diproses Pisum spp., Manihot
batang
II. jika MP esculenta (ubi kayu,
Vanuatu
manihoticola Vincens: 24,
diproses cassava)
(1916) [s]: - Ascomycota, Pezizomycotina, Dothideomycetes; Periconia blight
70. [a]: Phoma cucurbitacearum
Africa: Ethiopia, Gabon, (Fr. ex Fr.) Sacc.;
I: jika MP Cucurbitaceae, Citrullus
biji,
tidak
vulgaris (semangka,
batang,da
Kenya, Malawi, Mauritius,
Morocco, Nigeria, South Africa, Fautrey & Roum.
Ascochyta cucumis diproses watermelon), Cucumis melo
un, buah,
Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe =Phyllosticta citrullina
II. jika MP (melon, melon), Cucumis
media
America: Argentina, Barbados, Chester =Ascochyta
diproses sativus (mentimun,
tanam
Belize, Bermuda, Bolivia, melonis Potebnja
cucumber), Cucurbita spp.,
Brazil, Canada, Chile, Costa =Ascochyta citrullina
Momordica charantia (paria,
Rica, Cuba, Dominica, El (CHESTER) SMITH
bitter gourd), Sechium edule
Salvador, Jamaica, Mexico, =Cercospora citrullina
(labu siam), Solanum
Nicaragua, Peru, Puerto Rico, Cooke =Cercospora
tuberosum (kentang, potato)
Trinidad and Tobago, USA cucurbitae Ell. & Ev.
Asia: Bangladesh, Brunei, [s]: Didymella bryoniae
China,Taiwan, India, Iraq, (Auersw.) Rehm
Israel, Japan, South Korea, =Mycosphaerella melonis
Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, (Pass.) Chiu & Walker
Pakistan, Philippines, Sri =Didymosphaeria
Lanka, Thailand melonis Pidoplichko =
Europe: Austria,
Didymosphaeria effusa Bulgaria,Czech, Denmark, Sacc. =Mycosphaerella
Rusia, Germany, Greece, citrullina =Didymella
Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, melonis Pass. =Sphaeria
Norway, Poland, Romania, bryoniae FUCKE L
Rusia, Slovakia, Sweden, =Sphaerella bryoniae
Switzerland, Ukraine, UK AUERSW.;
Oceania: Samoa America, Ascomycota,
Australia, Fiji, France Pezizomycotina,
Polynesia, New Caledonia, New Dothideomycetes; gummy
Zealand, Pitcairn, Samoa, stem blight, leaf spot of
Solomon Islands,Tonga cucurbits, cercospora leafspot of squash, cucumber black rot, cucurbits stem blight, cucurbits leaf spot, cucurbits stem-end rot
71. [a]:Phoma tracheiphila
Africa: Algeria,Tunisia (Petri) L.A. Kantsch. &
I: jika MP Citrus spp.
buah,
Asia: Georgia, Iraq, Israel, Gikaschvili (1948); ( =
tidak
Fortunella, Poncirus akar,
batang,biji Lebanon, Syria, Turkey, Yemen Deuterophoma
diproses
Europe: Albania, Cyprus, tracheiphila Petri (1929)
II. jika MP
France, Greece, Italy, Russia =Bakerophoma tracheiphila (Petri) Cif. (1946)
diproses
[s]: - Ascomycota, Pezizomycotina, Dothideomycetes; mal secco disease of citrus, wilt of citrus , citrus wilt, citrus mal secco
72. [a]:Phomopsis perceae
I: jika MP Persea americana (alpokat,
buah
America: USA.
II. jika MP
Pezizomycotina,
diproses
Dothideomycetes; fruit rot
73. [a]:Phomopsis viticola (Sacc.)
Africa: Egypt, Kenya, South Sacc. (1915); ( =
I: jika MP Vitis vinifera (grapevine)
buah,
Africa, Zimbabwe Phomopsis viticola var.
tidak
Parthenocissus quinquefolia bunga,
America: Canada, Mexico, viticola (Sacc.) Sacc.
diproses (creeper), Vitis labrusca (fox
daun,
USA, Brazil, Chile, Venezuela (1919) =Phomopsis
II. jika MP grape), Vitis rupestris (sand-
batang.
Asia: Brunei Darussalam, ampelopsidis Petr. (1916)
diproses grape)
China, Taiwan, India, Japan, [s]:Cryptosporella viticola
Turkey
Shear (1911) Europe: Austria, Belgium, Ascomycota,
Bosnia and Herzegovina, Pezizomycotina,
Bulgaria, Croatia, Serbia, Dothideomycetes;
Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Phomopsis cane and leaf
Herzegovina, Montenegro, spot; Phomopsis cane and
Macedonia, France, Germany, leaf blight; black knot:
Greece, Hungary, Italy, Jersey, grapevine; black rot:
Macedonia, Moldova, grapevine; dead-arm:
Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, grapevine; necrosis of
Romania, Russia, Serbia and grapevine
Montenegro, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland, Ukraine, UK Oceania: Australia, New Zealand
74. [a]: Phyllosticta ampelicida
Africa: Morocco, Mozambique, (Engelm.) Aa, (1973)
I: jika MP Vitis vinifera (anggur,
[s]:Guignardia bidwellii
daun,bata America: Argentina, Barbados, (Ellis) Viala & Ravaz,
diproses Ampelopsis, Cissus,
ng,tangkai Brazil, Canada, Chile, Cuba, El (1892); ( =Botryosphaeria
II. jika MP Parthenocissus , Citrus spp.
diproses buah
Salvador, Guyana, Haiti, Salvador, Guyana, Haiti,
Panama, USA
bidwellii (Ellis) Magnus Asia: China,Taiwan, India, (1892); Carlia bidwellii
Iran, Japan, North Korea, (Ellis) Prunet (1989);
Pakistan, Philippines, Turkey Laestadia bidwellii (Ellis)
Europe: Austria, Bulgaria, Viala & Ravaz (1888);
Cyprus, France, Germany, Phyllachorella bidwellii Italy, Romania, Rusia,
(Ellis) Theiss., (1919); Slovakia, Switzerland, Ukraine, Physalospora bidwellii Serbia, Slovenia, Croatia,
(Ellis) Sacc., (1882); Bosnia and Herzegovina, Sphaerella bidwellii (Ellis)
Montenegro, Macedonia Ellis (1890); Sphaeria
Oceania: Christmas Island bidwellii Ellis (1880) Ascomycota, Pezizomycotina, Dothideomycetes; black rot
75. [a]: Phyllosticta arbutifolia
America: Canada, USA Ellis & G. Martin (1886); (
I: jika MP Malus domesticum ( apel,
= Phyllosticta arbutifoliae
diproses Crataegus sp.,Pyrus
Ellis & G. Martin (1886)
II. jika MP coronaria
=Phyllosticta solitaria Ellis
diproses
& Everh. (1895) =Phyllostictina solitaria (Ellis & Everh.)
[s]: - Ascomycota, Pezizomycotina, Dothideomycetes; apple blotch
76. [a]: Phyllosticta capitalensis
America: Hawaii Henn. (1908); ( =
I: jika MP Orcidaceae (anggrek,
Phyllosticta cymbidii diproses
tangkai,
Sawada (1943)
II. jika MP
bunga
=Phyllostictina mangiferae
diproses
Bat. & A.F. Vital 1952 =Phyllosticta
anacardiacearum =Phyllosticta ophiopogonis Wulandari, Wikee & Hyde (2012) =Phyllosticta phalenopsidis Marchal & Verpl. (1927)[1926] =Variant spelling Phyllosticta phalaenopsidis Marchal & Verpl. (1927)[1936] =Phyllosticta phalenopsidis var. vanillae Verpl. & Claess. (1934) =Phyllostictina pyriformis E.K. Cash & A.M.J. Watson (1955) =Phyllostictina theicola Petr. (1927) =Phyllosticta theacearum Aa (1973) =Macrophoma theicola Siemaszko (1923 - illegitimate later homonym, not included in search] Note: Illegitimate later anacardiacearum =Phyllosticta ophiopogonis Wulandari, Wikee & Hyde (2012) =Phyllosticta phalenopsidis Marchal & Verpl. (1927)[1926] =Variant spelling Phyllosticta phalaenopsidis Marchal & Verpl. (1927)[1936] =Phyllosticta phalenopsidis var. vanillae Verpl. & Claess. (1934) =Phyllostictina pyriformis E.K. Cash & A.M.J. Watson (1955) =Phyllostictina theicola Petr. (1927) =Phyllosticta theacearum Aa (1973) =Macrophoma theicola Siemaszko (1923 - illegitimate later homonym, not included in search] Note: Illegitimate later
[s]: - Ascomycota, Pezizomycotina, Dothideomycetes; leaf spot
77. [a]:Phyllosticta
America: Barbados, Jamaica phaseolina Sacc.(1878)
I: jika MP Glycine max (kedelai,
tanaman,
tidak
soybean), Phaseolus spp.
daun,
[s]:-
diproses Vanilla sp.
buah,
Ascomycota,
II. jika MP
Dothideomycetes; leaf spot, fruit blotch, twig canker
78. [a]:Phymatotrichopsis
America: Mexico, USA, omnivora (Shear)
I: jika MP Fabaceae, Juglandaceae,
akar,
tidak
Malvaceae, Rosa ceae,
diproses Umbelliferae, Abelmoschus
media
Ozonium omnivorum II. jika MP moschatus (okra, lady’s
tanam
Shear (1907)
diproses finger), Arachys hypogaea
=Phymatotrichum
(kacang tanah, groundnut,
omnivorum (Shear)
peanut), Beta vulgaris var
Duggar (1916) =Ozonium
saccharifera (bit gula, sugar
auricomum
beet) Carya illinoinensis,
[s]:Hydnum omnivorum
Ficus carica (ara), Glycine
Ascomycota,
max (kedelai, soybean),
Pezizomycotina,
Gossypium barbadens
Pezizomycetes; cotton root
(kapas, cotton), Juglans
rot, root rot of cotton, soft
regia , Malus domesticum
rot of cotton, cotton soft rot,
( apel, apple), Medicago
grapevine root rot
sativa , Phaseolus, Populus,Prunus spp., Pyrus communis ( pir, pear), Salix, Ulmus , Vitis vinifera (anggur, grapevine)
79. [a]:Plenodomus destruens
biji, umbi America: Brazil, Caribbean, Harter (1913)
I: jika MP Ipomoea batatas (ubi jalar,
tidak
sweet potato)
II. jika MP
Pezizomycotina,
diproses
Dothideomycetes; foot rot of sweet potato
80. [a]:Polyscytalum pustulans
Africa: South Africa (M.N. Owen & Wakef.)
I: jika MP Solanum tuberosum umbi
America: Canada,USA M.B. Ellis (1976); ( =
tidak
(kentang, potato)
Europe: Estonia, Germany, Oospora pustulans M.N.
diproses Solanum spp.
Ireland, Lithuania, Norway, Owen & Wakef. (1919)
II. jika MP
Romania, Russia, UK [s]: -
diproses
Oceania: Australia, New Ascomycota,
Zealand
Pezizomycotina, Polyscytalum; potato skin spot
81. [a]:Pseudocercospora
I: jika MP Aleurites moluccana (kemiri, daun
Asia: China
Oceania: Tonga, Cook Islands, Deighton (1976); ( =
aleuritis (I. Miyake)
tidak
candle-nut)
diproses New Zealand
Cercospora aleuritidis I. II. jika MP
Miyake (1912)
diproses
=Cercosporina aleuritis (Miyake) Sacc. (1931)
[s]:Mycosphaerella aleuritis S.H. Ou (1940); ( =Mycosphaerella aleuritidis S.H. Ou (1940)
Ascomycota, Pezizomycotina, Dothideomycetes; angular leaf spot
82. [a]:Pseudocercospora
Africa: Benin, Burundi, fijiensis (M. Morelet)
I: jika MP Musa spp. (pisang, banana) daun
Cameroon, Central African Deighton (1976); ( =
tidak
Republic, Comoros, DR Congo, Cercospora fijiensis M.
diproses
Congo, Ivory Coast, Gabon, Morelet (1969)
II. jika MP
Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, =Paracercospora fijiensis
diproses
Madagascar, Malawi, Niger, (M. Morelet) Deighton
Nigeria, Rwanda, Sao Tome (1979) =Cercospora
and Principe, Tanzania, Togo, fijiensis var. difformis J.L.
Uganda, Zambia. Mulder & R.H. Stover
America: Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, (1976) =Paracercospora
Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, fijiensis var. difformis
Dominican Republic, Ecuador, (J.L. Mulder & R.H.
El Salvador, Guatemala, Stover) Deighton (1979)
Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, [s]:Mycosphaerella fijiensis
Jamaica, Mexico, Netherlands M. Morelet (1969); (
Antilles, Nicaragua, Panama, =Mycosphaerella fijiensis
Peru, USA, Hawaii, Venezuela. var. difformis J.L. Mulder
Asia: Bhutan, China (Fujian, & R.H. Stover (1976)
Hainan, Taiwan), Malaysia, Ascomycota,
Philippines, Singapore, Pezizomycotina,
Thailand, Vietnam. Dothideomycetes; Black
Oceania: American Samoa, sigatoka
Australia, Cook Islands, Federated states of Micronesia, Fiji, French Polynesia, New Caledonia, Niue, Norfolk Island, Northern Mariana Islands, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Vanuatu, Wallis, Futuna.
83. [a]:Pyricularia setariae Y.
Africa: Tanzania, Uganda Nisik. (1927); ( =
I: jika MP Eleusine coracana (finger
biji,
Asia: China, India, Japan, Pyricularia grisea f. sp.
tidak
millet), Setaria italica (foxtail batang,
Malaysia, Sri Lanka eleusines S.
diproses millet)
daun,
II. jika MP Avena sativa (oat, oats),
tangkai
Yamanaka=Pyricularia
diproses Hordeum vulgare (barley),
malai
oryzae Cavara,(1891)
Pennisetum glaucum (pearl
[s]: Magnaporthe oryzae
millet), Zea mays (jagung,
B.C. Couch, (2002)
maize)
Ascomycota, Pezizomycotina, Sordariomycetes; blast of millet, leaf spot of millet
84. [a]: Sarocladium strictum (W.
biji,batang Africa: Burkina Faso, Gams) Summerbell
I: jika MP Zea mays (jagung, maize)
Cameroon, Egypt, Libya, (2011); ( =Sarocladium
tidak
Arachis hypogaea (kacang
, daun
diproses tanah, peanut), Avena sativa Nigeria, South Africa, Uganda. zeae W. Gams & D.R.
America: Mexico, USA, Sumner, (2011)
II. jika MP (gandum, oats), Glycine soja,
Argentina, Brazil, Chile. =Acremonium strictum
diproses Sorghum bicolor , (sorghum),
Asia: China, India, Iran, W.Gams (1971)
Pakistan, Syria, Turkey. =Tilachlidium medietatis
Europe: Czech Republic and Novobr, (1972)
Slovakia, Italy, Netherlands, =Acremonium stricta
Poland, Russia, Spain. =Hyalopus acremonium Oceania: Australia
(Corda) M.A.J. Barbosa =Cephalosporium acremonium Corda
[s]: - Ascomycota, Pezizomycotina, Sordariomycetes; acremonium wilt, black bundle disease of maize, kernel rot of maize;
85. [a]:Sclerotium gladioli
Africa: South Africa Massee (1928)
I: jika MP Gladiolus spp.
Europe: UK
[s]:Stromatinia
diproses
batang
gladioli (Drayton) Whetzel
II. jika MP
(1945)( =Sclerotinia
diproses
gladioli Drayton (1934) Basidiomycota, Agaricomycotina, Agaricomycetes; gladiolus dry rot
86. [a]: Septoria pisiWestend
biji, daun, America: Canada, USA (1857);
I: jika MP Pisum sativum (kapri, sweet
Europe: Denmark, Finland, [s]: -
tidak
pea), Vicia faba
polong
Ireland, Norway, Sweden Ascomycota,
diproses
Oceania: New Zealand Pezizomycotina,
II. jika MP
diproses
Dothideomycetes; septoria blight/blotch
87. [a]: Septoria
I: jika MP Orchidaceae
tanaman,
America
selenophomoides Cash &
II. jika MP
Pezizomycotina, Dothideomycetes; leaf spot
88. [a]: Setophoma terrestris
Africa: Senegal (H.N. Hansen) Gruyter,
I: jika MP Allium spp.
tanaman,
Asparagus officinalis umbi, akar America: Argentina,USA, Aveskamp & Verkley
tidak
Venezuela Oceania: Australia (2010); ( = Phoma
diproses (asparagus, asparagus),
Europe: Netherlands, Greece, terrestris H.N. Hansen
II. jika
Triticum aestivum (gandum,
MP
wheat), Zea mays (jagung,
Poland, Israel
(1929) =Pyrenochaeta
diproses corn, maize)
terrestris (H.N. Hansen) Gorenz, J.C. Walker &
Larson (1948) [s]: - Setophoma; onion pink root
89. [a]: Sphaceloma arachidis
Africa: Swaziland bitanc & Jenkins (1940);
I: jika MP Arachys hypogaea (kacang
batang,
America: Argentina, Brazil, [s]: -
tidak
tanah, groundnut, peanut)
Asia: China, Japan Pezizomycotina,
Ascomycota,
II. jika MP
diproses
Dothideomycetes; groundnut scab, peanut scab, scab of groundnut, scab: groundnut
90. [a]:Sphaceloma manihoticola
America: Barbados, Brazil, Bitanc. & Jenkins
I: jika MP Manihot esculenta (ubi kayu, batang
Colombia, Mexico, Panama, [s]:Elsinoe brasiliensis
Bitanc. & Jenkins 1942(=
Oceania: Cook Islands Elsinoë jatrophae);
II. jika MP
diproses
Ascomycota, Pezizomycotina,
Dothideomycetes; superelongation disease of cassava, cassava root enlargement
91. [a]: Sphaceloma rosarum
I: jika MP Rosa spp. (mawar, rose)
batang,
America: USA.
(Pass.) Jenk. 1932
tidak
daun,
=Phyllosticta rosarum
II. jika MP
bunga
[s]: Elsinoe rosa rumJenk. &
diproses
bitanc; Ascomycetes; kudis, scab
92. [a]:Stagonospora nodorum
Africa: Angola, Ethiopia, (Berk.) Castell. & E.G.
I: jika MP Triticum aestivum (gandum,
biji, daun
Kenya, Malawi, Morocco, Germano (1977); ( =
tidak
wheat), Secale cereale (rye),
South Africa, Tanzania, Depazea nodorum Berk.
diproses Hordeum vulgare (barli,
Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe (1845) =Hendersonia
II. jika MP barley)
America: Argentina, Bolivia, nodorum (Berk.) Petr.
diproses Agropyron, Bromus inermis,
Brazil, Chile, Colombia, (1947) =Septoria nodorum
Cynodon dactylon , Lolium
Ecuador, Mexico, USA (Berk.) Berk. (1845)
perenne , Triticale
Asia: Armenia, Bhutan, =Septoria glumarum Pass.
China,Taiwan, India, Israel, (1879) =Phoma
Japan, Korea, Lebanon, Nepal, hennebergii J.G. Kühn
Pakistan, Philippines, Saudi (1877) =Macrophoma
Arabia
hennebergii (J.G. Kühn) Europe: Austria, Belgium, Berl. & Voglino (1886)
Bulgaria, Czech, Denmark, =Rhabdospora
Finland, France, Germany, hennebergii (J.G. Kühn)
Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Sacc. & D. Sacc. (1906)
Netherlands, Norway,Poland, =Stagonospora
Portugal, Romania, Rusia, hennebergii (J.G. Kühn)
Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Petr. & Syd. (1925)
Switzerland, UK, Serbia, =Septoria holci Pass.
Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and (1879)
Herzegovina, Montenegro, [s]:Phaeosphaeria nodorum
Macedonia,
(E. Müll.) Hedjaroude Oceania: Australia, New (1968); ( =Leptosphaeria
Zealand
nodorum
E. Müll. (1952)
Ascomycota, Pezizomycotina, Dothideomycetes; glum blotch
93. [a]:Stenocarpella maydis
I: jika MP Zea diploperennis , Zea mays biji, daun, Africa: Congo, DR Congo, (Berk) B. Sutton (1980); (
Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, =Sphaeria maydis Berk.
tidak
(jagung, maize), Zea mays
batang,
Malawi, Nigeria, South Africa, (1847) =Diplodia zeae
diproses subsp. mays (sweetcorn)
bunga
II. jika MP Swaziland, Tanzania, Zambia, Lév. (1848) =Diplodia
diproses
Zimbabwe
maydis (Berk.) Sacc. America: Belize, Honduras, (1884) =Diplodia
Canada, Mexico, USA, maydicola Speg. (1910)
Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, =Macrodiplodia zeae
Ecuador.
(Lév.) Petr. & syd. (1923) Asia: China, India, Iran, =Sphaeria zeae Schwein.
Japan, South Korea, Nepal, (1832) =Hendersonia zeae
Pakistan, Thailand. (Lév.) Hazsl. (1872)
Europe: Austria, Bulgaria, =Phaeostagonosporopsis
Czech, Italy, Serbia- zeae (Lév.) Woron. (1925)
Montenegro, UK. =Diplodia zeae-maydis
Oceania: Australia, New Mekht. (1962)
Zealand.
[s]: - Ascomycota, Pezizomycotina, Sordariomycetes; ear rot of maize, leaf spot of maize, stalk rot of maize, seedling blight of maize, leaf blight of maize, leaf blight of Sorghum spp., leaf spot of grasses, Diplodia ear and stalk rot, white ear rot of maize
94. [a]:Stilbella flavidum (Cooke)
America: Bolivia, Brazil, Henn. (1904)
I: jika MP Coffea spp. (kopi, coffee),
buah,
Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, [s]:Mycena citricolor (Berk. &
tidak
Citrus , Cinchona offiChinalis daun,
diproses (kina, quinine tree)
batang,
Dominica, Ecuador, El
M.A. Curtis) Sacc.; (
Salvador, Guyana France, =Omphalopsis citricolor
II. jika MP Theobroma cacao (kakao,
bibit,
Guadeloupe, Guatemala, (Berk. & M.A. Curtis)
diproses cocoa)
tanaman
Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Murrill =Omphalia flavida
hasil
mikroprop Jamaica, Martinique, Mexico, Maubl. & Rangel (1914)
Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, =Agaricuscitricolor
agasi
Puerto Rico, Suriname, =Stilbum flavidum
Trinidad and Tobago, USA Ascomycota,
Pezizomycotina, Sordariomycetes; American leaf spot of coffee, American: coffee leaf spot, cock's eye spot, iron spot of coffee
95. [a]:Synchytrium
Africa: Algeria, South Africa, endobioticum (Schilb.)
I: jika MP Solanum tuberosum umbi,
tidak
(kentang, potato)
America: Bolivia, Canada, =Chrysophlyctis
diproses Solanum nigrum , Solanum
media
Chile, Ecuador, Falkland endobioticum Schilb.
II. jika MP dulcamara , Hyoscyamus
tanam
Islands, Peru, USA, (1896) =Chrysophlyctis
diproses niger , Nicandra physalcides,
Solanum lycopersicum Asia: Armenia, Bhutan, India, endobiotica Schilb (1896)
(tomat, tomato)
Nepal
=Synchytrium Europe: Austria, Belarus, solan Massee (1910);
Belgium,Czech, Denmark, [s]: -
Estonia,Faroe Islands, Finland, Chytridiomycota,
Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Chytridiomycetes; black
Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, wart of potato, potato black
Luxembourg, Netherlands, scab, potato wart disease,
Norway, Poland, Portugal, wart disease of potato
Romania, Rusia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, UK, Serbia, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and
Herzegovina, Montenegro, Macedonia Oceania: New Zealand
96. [a]:Thanatophytum crocorum
Africa: Algeria, Ethiopia, (Pers.: Fr.) Nees (1816); (
I: jika MP Beta vulgaris var
umbi,
akar, bibit, Kenya, Malawi, Morocco, =Rhizoctonia crocorum
tidak
saccharifera (bit gula, sugar
Rhodesia, South Africa, (Pers.) DC., (1815);
diproses beetroot)
batang
Tanzania, Trinidad, Tunisia, Helminthosporium
II. jika MP Araucaria cuninghamii,
Zambia, Zimbabwe rhizoctonon Rabenh.
diproses Daucus carota (wortel,
America: Argentina, Barbados, (1855); Helminthosporium
carrot), Ipomoea batatas (ubi
Canada, Colombia, Dominica, rhizoctonum Rabenh.
jalar, sweet potato), Solanum
Mexico, Trinidad and Tobago, (1855); Hypochnus
tuberosum (kentang, potato),
Morus spp. (murbei,
USA, Uruguay
violaceus Erikss. (1912);
mulberry)
Asia: China, India, Iran, Rhizoctonia asparagi Japan, Philippines, Turkey,
Fuckel ex Erikss. (1915);
Vietnam Rhizoctonia asparagi Europe: Austria, Belgium,
Fuckel, (1870); Bulgaria, Czech, Denmark, Rhizoctonia medicaginis England, France, Germany,
DC., (1815); Rhizoctonia Greece, Hungary, Ireland, rubiae M.J. Decne.,
Italy, Latvia, Netherlands, (1837); Rhizoctonia
Norway, Poland, Romania, violacea f. dauci J.G.
Rusia, Scotland, Slovakia, Kühn (1875); Tuber croci
Sweden, Ukraine, UK, Serbia, Dubois, (1803); Tuber
Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and parasiticum Bull., (1790)
Herzegovina, Montenegro, [s]:Helicobasidium
Macedonia
brebissonii (Desm.) Donk, Oceania: Australia, New (1958); ( =Helicobasidium
Zealand
purpureum (Tul.) Pat., (1885)
Basidiomycota, Pucciniomycotina,
Pucciniomycetes; Asparagus officinalis root rot, apple violet root rot, sweet potato, violet root rot
97. [a]:Thecaphora
America: Bolivia,Chile, solani (Thirum & M.J.
I: jika MP Solanum tuberosum umbi,
Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, O'Brien) Mordue (1988); (
tidak
(kentang, potato)
daun,
Panama, Peru, Venezuela =Angiosorus solani
diproses
batang
II. jika MP
Thirum. & M.J. O'Brien
diproses
(1974) =Thecaphora solani Barrus (1944);
[s]: - Basidiomycota, Ustilaginomycotina, Ustilaginomycetes; potato smut, thecaphora smut
98. [a]:Verticillium cinerescens
America: Canada, Colombia, Wollenw. (1930)
I: jika MP Dianthus spp.
tanaman,
tidak
Helianthus annuus (bunga
akar,batan USA
[s]: Phialophora cinerescens
diproses matahari, sunflower),
g, media
Asia: China
Europe: Belgium, Bulgaria, (1940);
(Wollenw.) J.F.H. Beyma
II. jika MP Fragaria spp.
tanam
Croatia, Finland, France, Ascomycota,
diproses
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Pezizomycotina,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Eurotiomycetes;
Lithuania, Netherlands, phialophora wilt, vascular
Norway, Poland, Romania, wilt of carnation, wilt of
Rusia, Spain, Ukraine, UK, carnation
Serbia, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Macedonia Oceania: New Zealand
99. [a]:Zygophiala jamaicensis
I: jika MP Citrus , Diospyros, Malus
buah
America: USA
E.W.Mason (
Asia: China, India,Japan =Microbotryum violaceum
tidak
domesticum ( apel, apple),
diproses Pyrus communis ( pir, pear),
(Pers.) G. Deml & Oberw.
II. jika MP Diospyros sp. (Malabar
=Uredo violacea Pers.
diproses ebony)
=Caeoma violaceum (Pers.) Nees =Uredo antherarum DC. =Ustilago antherarum (DC.) Fr. =Caeoma antherarum (DC.) Schltdl. =Microbotryum antherarum (DC.) Lév. =Erysibe antherarum (DC.) Wallr. =Ustilago silenes-nutantis Liro)
[s]:Schizothyrium pomi (Mont.) v. Arx ( =Leptothyrium porni (Mont.) Arx =Labrella porni Mont. =Asterina gaultheriae M.A. Curtis =Microthyriella paludosa
C. Booth) Ascomycota, Pezizomycotina, Dothideomycetes; greasy blotch, flyspeck, sooty blotch
100. [c]: Aphanomyces
I: jika MP Vigna spp. (buncis, cowpea), bibit,akar, America: Canada, USA euteiches Drechsler
Asia: China, India,Japan (1925);
tidak
Pisum sativum (kapri, sweet
batang,
diproses pea), polong-polongan lain
media
Europe: Czech, Denmark,
Chromista,Oomycetes;
Finland, Rusia, France, Italy, phanomyces root rot,
II. jika MP (legumes)
tanam
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, common root rot, root rot
diproses
Slovakia, Sweden, Ukraine Oceania: Australia, New Zealand
101. [c]:Pachymetra chaunorhiza
Oceania: Australia B.J. Croft & M.W. Dick
I Saccharum officinarum (tebu, tanaman,
sugarcane), Zea mays
akar,
(jagung, corn, maize),
media
Oomycetes; pachymetra
Sorghum bicolor (sorgum,
tanam
root rot
sorghum)
102. [c]:Peronospora
America: Argentina, Brazil, hyoscyami f.sp.tabacina(D
I: jika MP Nicotiana tabacum daun, biji
Chile, Costa Rica, Cuba, .B. Adam) Skalicky; ( =
tidak
(tembakau, tobacco)
Dominica, El Salvador, Peronospora tabacina
diproses Capsicum annuum (paprika,
Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, =Peronospora hyoscyami
II. jika MP bell-pepper), Solanum
Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, =Peronospora nicotianae
diproses lycopersicum (tomat,
Puerto Rico, USA, Uruguay, Oomycetes; angular tobacco
tomato), Solanum melongena
(terung, eggplant, aubergine)
Venezuela
leaf spot, blue mould of Asia: Armenia, Azerbaijan, tobacco, downy mildew,
Taiwan, Georgia, Iran, Iraq, tobacco black fire, tobacco
Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, blue mould, tobacco wildfire
Myanmar, Syria, Turkey, Uni Arab Emirat, Yemen, Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia Europe: Albania, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Moldova, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Rusia, Spain, Slovakia, Switzerland, Ukraine, UK, Serbia, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Macedonia Oceania: Australia
103. [c]:Peronospora sparsa
I: jika MP Rosa spp. (mawar, rose),
daun,
Africa: Egypt
Berk. (1862); ( =
tidak
Punus laurocerasus , Rubus
buah,
America: USA, Canada, Brazil,
Peronoplasmopara sparsa diproses spp.
bunga,
Colombia
(Berk.) Uljan. (1967)
II. jika MP
tanaman
Asia: Israel
=Pseudoperonospora
hasilmikro Europe: Finland, Ireland, sparsa (Berk.) Jacz.
diproses
propagasi, France, Scandinavia, UK, (1928) =Peronospora
Russia, Russia rosae-gallicae Savul. &
akar,
Oceania: Australia. Rayss (1934) =Peronospora sanguisorbae Gäum. (1923)
batang
Oomycetes; downy mildew 104. [c]:Peronospora
I: jika MP Pisum sativum (kapri, sweet
biji, buah, Asia: India
Europe: Scandinavia Boerema & Verhoeven
viciae f.sppisi(Sydow)
tidak
pea), Vicia faba
Oomycetes; pea downy
II. jika
batang
mildew
MP diproses
105. [c]:Phytophthora cryptogea
Africa: Egypt, South Africa, Pethybr. & Laff. (1919)
I: jika MP Actinidia chinensis (Chinese
akar,
tidak
gooseberry), Actinidia
batang,
Zimbabwe
America: Canada, USA, damping off, gerbera foot
Oomycetes; tomato foot rot,
diproses deliciosa (kiwifruit), Allium
bibit
Argentina, Brazil, Chile rot, black neck of
II. jika MP cepa (bawang bombay,
tanaman,
Asia: China, Iran, Japan, chrysanthemum, tulip
diproses onion), Antirrhinum majus
media
(snapdragon), Apium
tanam
Jordan, Korea
shanking, corm, stem and
graveolens (seledri, celery),
Europe: Austria, Bulgaria, Europe: Austria, Bulgaria,
Finland, France, Germany, damping-off
(asparagus), Aster, Brassica
oleracea var. botrytis (bunga
Greece, Hungary, Ireland,
kol, cauliflower), Cajanus
Italy, Netherlands, Poland,
cajan (pigeon pea), Calathea,
Russia, Serbia-Montenegro,
Calendula officinalis (Pot
Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, UK
marigold), Callistephus
Oceania: Australia, New
chinensis (China aster),
Zealand, Papua New Guinea
Capsicum annuum (bell pepper), Castanea (chestnuts), Celosia argentea (celosia), Chrysanthemum (daisy), Chrysanthemum frutescens (marguerite), Chrysanthemum vestitum , Cichorium (chicory), Cichorium intybus (chicory), Citrullus lanatus (semangka, watermelon), Citrus, Clarkia (satin flowers), Consolida ambigua (rocket larkspur), Cotoneaster, Cucumis melo (melon), Cucumis sativus (ketimun, cucumber), Cucurbita (pumpkin), Cucurbita maxima (giant pumpkin), Cucurbita moschata (labu, pumpkin), Cucurbita pepo (ornamental gourd), Cupressus (cypresses), Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (guar),
Cyphomandra betacea (tree tomato), Dahlia, Daucus carota (wortel, carrot), Dianthus barbatus (sweet williams), Dianthus caryophyllus (anyelir, carnation), Erica (heaths), Erysimum cheiri (wallflower), Eucalyptus spp. , Euphorbia pulcherrima (poinsettia), Fragaria (strawberry), Gerbera (Barbeton daisy), Gerbera jamesonii (African daisy), Gladiolus hybrids (sword lily), Glycine max (kedelai, soyabean), Gynura bicolor , Gypsophila paniculata (babysbreath), Hebe, Helianthus annuus (sunflower), Humulus lupulus (hop), Juglans regia (walnut), Juniperus chinensis (Chinese juniper), Lactuca sativa (lettuce), Liatris spicata (spike gayfeather), Limonium sinuatum (sea pink), Lupinus spp.,Solanum lycopersicum (tomat, tomato), Malus domestica (apel, apple), Maranta (arrowroot), Matthiola incana (stock), Medicago sativa (lucerne),
Nasturtium officinale (watercress), Nicotiana tabacum (tembakau, tobacco), Onobrychis viciifolia (sainfoin), Papaver nudicaule (Iceland poppy), Parthenium argentatum (Guayule), Pericallis cruenta (common cineraria), Persea americana (avocado), Petroselinum crispum (parsley), Petunia hybrida, Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean), Picea (spruces), Pinus (pines), Pinus lambertiana (big pine), Pinus mugo (mountain pine), Pinus nigra (black pine), Pinus radiata (radiata pine), Pisum spp., Populus simonii (Simon poplar), Prunus armeniaca (aprikot, apricot), Prunus avium (sweet cherry), Prunus cerasus (sour cherry), Prunus dulcis (almond), Prunus mahaleb (mahaleb cherry), Prunus persica (peach), Prunus salicina (Japanese plum), Rubus idaeus (raspberry), St.paulia ionantha (African violet), Salvia officinalis (common Nasturtium officinale (watercress), Nicotiana tabacum (tembakau, tobacco), Onobrychis viciifolia (sainfoin), Papaver nudicaule (Iceland poppy), Parthenium argentatum (Guayule), Pericallis cruenta (common cineraria), Persea americana (avocado), Petroselinum crispum (parsley), Petunia hybrida, Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean), Picea (spruces), Pinus (pines), Pinus lambertiana (big pine), Pinus mugo (mountain pine), Pinus nigra (black pine), Pinus radiata (radiata pine), Pisum spp., Populus simonii (Simon poplar), Prunus armeniaca (aprikot, apricot), Prunus avium (sweet cherry), Prunus cerasus (sour cherry), Prunus dulcis (almond), Prunus mahaleb (mahaleb cherry), Prunus persica (peach), Prunus salicina (Japanese plum), Rubus idaeus (raspberry), St.paulia ionantha (African violet), Salvia officinalis (common
106. [c]:Phytophthora
Africa: Cameroon, Equatorial megakarya Brasier & M.J.
I: jika MP Theobroma cacao (kakao,
buah,
Guinea, Gabon, Ghana, Griffin (1979)
Guinea, Nigeria, Togo Oomycetes; black pod of
diproses
II. jika MP
cocoa, seedling blight of
diproses
cocoa, trunk canker of cocoa
107. [c]:Phytophthora
America: Canada, USA, megasperma Drechsler
I: jika MP Actinidia deliciosa ( kiwifruit), tanaman,
Argentina, Chile 1931; ( = Phytophthora
tidak
Asparagus officinalis
umbi,
Asia: China, India, Iran, megasperma var.
diproses ( asparagus), Brassica
buah,
Japan, Korea Republic of megasperma Drechsler
II. jika MP oleracea ( cabbages,
polong,
(South Korea), Philippines 1931 =Pythiomorpha
diproses cauliflowers), Brassica
daun,
Europe: Serbia, Slovenia, miyabeana S. Ito & Nagai
oleracea var. botrytis
akar,
Croatia, Bosnia and 1931
(cauliflower), Brassica
batang,
Herzegovina, Montenegro, Oomycetes; root rot, crown
oleracea var. capitata
bibit,
Macedonia, France, Greece, rot, trunk canker, collar rot,
( cabbage), Brassica oleracea
bahan
var. gemmifera ( Brussels
perbanyak Ireland, Italy, Spain, UK, perbanyak Ireland, Italy, Spain, UK,
sprouts), Brassica rapa
an
Scotland
rot, stem blight, seed-piece
Oceania: Australia, New rot, tuber rot, pod rot, black
subsp. pekinensis ( Pe-tsai),
tanaman
Daucus carota ( carrot),
(hasil
Zealand
rot, blight, spear rot
Juglans regia ( walnut),
mikroprop
Solanum lycopersicum
agasi)
(tomato), Malus domestica (apple), Prunus armeniaca ( apricot), Prunus avium ( sweet cherry), Prunus cerasus ( sour cherry), Prunus domestica ( plum), Prunus dulcis (almond), Prunus mahaleb ( mahaleb cherry), Prunus persica ( peach), Prunus salicina ( Japanese plum), Pseudotsuga menziesii ( Douglas-fir), Solanum tuberosum ( potato) Aesculus hippocastanum ( buckeye), Alcea rosea (Hollyhock), Banksia, Buddleia ( Butterflybush), Carthamus tinctorius ( safflower), Castanea sativa (chestnut), Chamaecyparis lawsoniana ( Port Orford cedar), Cicer arietinum ( chickpea), Cytisus (Broom), Dahlia, Dianthus caryophyllus ( carnation), Eucalyptus ( Eucalyptus tree), Matthiola incana ( stock),
Narcissus ( daffodil), Parthenium argentatum ( Guayule), Pinus (pines), Ribes uva-crispa ( gooseberry), Rubus idaeus ( raspberry), Saccharum officinarum ( sugarcane), Sorbus aria ( whitebeam), Sorbus aucuparia ( mountain ash), Vicia faba (broad bean)
108. [c]:Phytophthora phaseoli
Africa: DR Congo Thaxt. (1889); ( =
I: jika MP Phaseolus lunatus biji,
tidak
daun,bata America: Mexico, Puerto Rico,
Phytophthora infestans diproses
ng, akar,
USA
Asia: Sri Lanka, Philippines Leonian (1925)
var. phaseoli (Thaxt.)
II. jika MP
media
Europe: Italy,Rusia Oomycetes; Phaseolus leaf blight, collar rot of lima bean
diproses
tanam
109. [c]: Phytophthora
America: Argentina, Brazil, sojae Kaufm & Gerd.;(
I: jika MP Glycine max (kedelai,
polong,
biji, media Canada, Chile, USA =P.megasperma var.
tidak
soyabean)
Asia: China, Iran, Japan, sojae Hildebr.
diproses Lupinus sp.
tanam
Korea Republic of (South =Phytophthora
II. jika MP (tanah),
Korea), Mongolia, Pakistan megasperma f.sp.
diproses
daun,
Europe:Bulgaria, France, Italy, glycinea T.L. Kuan &
akar,
Poland, Russia, Slovenia, Erwin;
batang,
Switzerland, Ukraine =Phytophthora.sojae f.sp.
Oceania:Australia glycines ); Chromista; Oomycota; Pythiales; Pythiaceae; Phytophthora root and stem rot, root and stem rot of Oceania:Australia glycines ); Chromista; Oomycota; Pythiales; Pythiaceae; Phytophthora root and stem rot, root and stem rot of
110. [c]: Sclerophthora
Africa: Ethiopia, macrospora (Sacc.)
I: jika MP Avena sativa (oat, oats),
media
Mauritius,South Africa, Thirum., C.G. Shaw &
tidak
Eleusine coracana (finger
tanam,
diproses millet), Hordeum vulgare
bunga,
Uganda.
American: Cuba, Canada, oryzae =
Naras; ( =Sclerospora
II. jika MP (barley), Oryza sativa (padi,
daun,
Mexico, USA, Brazil, Peru, Phytophthora macrospora
diproses paddy, rice), Pennisetum
akar,
glaucum (pearl millet),
batang,
Venezuela.
=Sclerospora kriegeriana
Asia: China, India, Iran, Iraq, =Nozemia macrospora
Saccharum officinarum (tebu, biji
sugarcane), Sorghum bicolor
Japan, Kazakhstan, Korea,
Pakistan, Syria, Thailand, Oomycetes; downy mildew;
=Sclerospora macrospora); (sorgum, sorghum), Triticum
(wheat), Tritcum aestivum
Turkey.
crazy top of maize, yellow
Europe: Austria, Bulgaria, wilt of rice, witches' broom
(gandum, wheat), Zea mays
Germany, Italy, Poland, on maize
(jagung, maize).
Bromus inermis (Awnless
Serbia-Montenegro, Slovenia,
brome), Digitaria sanguinalis
Switzerland.
(large crabgrass),
Oceania: Australia, New Echinochloa crus-galli Zealand
(barnyard grass), Eleusine indica (goose grass) Elymus repens (quackgrass) Eragrostis (lovegrasses), Lolium temulentum (darnel), Panicum capillare (tumble panicgrass), Poa (meadow grass), Setaria viridis (green foxtail), Stenotaphrum secundatum (buffalograss)
111. [c]: Sclerospora graminicola
Africa: Burkina Faso, Chad, (Sacc.) J. Schrot (1886); (
I: jika MP Pennisetum glaucum (pearl
bunga,
Ivory Coast, Egypt, Gambia, =Sclerospora graminicola
tidak
millet), Zea mexicana
batang,
Ghana, Malawi, Mauritania, var. setariae-italicae
diproses (teosinte)
biji, daun
II. jika MP Saccharum officinarum Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria,
=Protomyces graminicola
Senegal, Sierra Leone, South =Peronospora graminicola
diproses (sugarcane), Zea mays
Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, =Peronospora setariae
(maize)
Uganda, Zimbabwe =Ustilago urbani );
America: Puerto Rico, Canada, Oomycetes; downy mildew
Mexico, USA, Hawaii, of pearl millet, green ear
Argentina Asia: China, Taiwan, India,
Iran, Israel, Japan, Kazakhstan, South Korea, Pakistan, Yemen Europe: Bulgaria, Czech, Slovakia, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Russia, Russia (Europe), Spain, Switzerland, Serbia, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Macedonia, Oceania: Fiji
112. [c]:Trachysphaera
Africa: Cameroon,Central fructigena Tabor &
I: jika MP Theobroma cacao (kakao,
buah,
Africa, Chad, DR Congo, Bunting (1923);
tidak
cocoa), Musaspp.
bunga
Congo, Ivory Coast, Equatorial Oomycetes; cigar end rot of
diproses Pyrus, Prunus, Malus and
Guinea, Gabon, Ghana, banana, berry rot of coffee,
II. jika MP Citrus , Coffea spp. (kopi,
Guinea, Madagascar, Nigeria, fungus rot of banana, mealy
diproses coffee), Persea americana
(alpokat, avocado)
Sierra Leone
pod of cacao, fruit rot of coffee, pod rot of cacao
113. [r]:Aecidium cantense
I: jika MP Solanum tuberosum tanaman,b America: Peru
Arthur (1929);
tidak
(kentang, potato), Solanum
unga,
Basidiomycota,
diproses lycopersicum (tomat,
buah,
Pucciniomycotina;
II. jika MP tomato), Ullucus tuberosus
batang,
Pucciniomycetes; Aecidium
diproses
daun
potato rust, deforming potato rust, deforming rust, Peruvian rust
114. [r]: Armillaria luteobubalina
Oceania: Australia, Papua New Watling & Kile (1978);
I: jika MP Acacia dealbata (acacia
akar,
tidak
bernier), Acacia melanoxylon batang,
Guinea
Basidiomycota,
diproses (Australian blackwood),
bibit, umbi
Agaricomycotina,
II. jika MP Actinidia chinensis (Chinese
Agaricomycetes; armillaria
diproses gooseberry), Prunus persica
root rot; honey root rot
(persik, peach), Citrus reticulata (jeruk mandarin, mandarin orange), Citrus sinensis (jeruk, navel orange), Cotoneaster, Cycas revoluta (sago cycas), Hibiscus (rosemallows), Malus (ornamental species apple), Melia azedarach (Chinaberry), Nerium oleander (oleander), Pinus radiata (radiata pine), Prunus (buah batu, stone fruit), Prunus dulcis (almond), Rhododendron indicum (Satsuki azalea), Salix (willows), Taxus (yew), Viburnum, Vitis vinifera (anggur, grapevine)
115. [r]: Hemileia coffeicolaMaubl
Africa: Cameroon, Central & Roger, (1934); ( =Uredo
I: jika MP Coffea spp. (kopi, coffee)
daun
Africa, DR Congo, Ivory Coast, coffeicola );
tidak
Nigeria, Sao Tome & Principe, Basidiomycetes,
diproses
II. jika MP
Togo, Uganda
Pucciniomycotina,
diproses
Pucciniomycetes; grey rust of coffee powdery rust of coffee, coffee rust
116. [r]:Phragmidium
I: jika MP Rosa spp. (mawar, rose)
daun,
Africa: Egypt
mucronatum (Pers.)
tidak
batang
America: Chile
Schlect; ( = Phragmidium
diproses
Asia: Japan
Europe: Bulgaria, Germany, Basidiomycetes; rust
disciflorum
II. jika MP
diproses
Italy
117. [r]:Puccinia asparagi DC.
Africa: Angola, Ethiopia, (1805); (=Uredo asparagi
I: jika MP Asparagus officinalis daun,
Kenya, Morocco, South Africa, Lasch (1848) =Aecidium
tidak
(asparagus, asparagus)
batang,
Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia asparagi Lasch (1848)
diproses
biji, bibit
America: Canada, Cuba, =Dicaeoma asparagi (DC.)
II. jika MP
Dominica, Mexico, USA Kuntze (1898)
diproses
Asia: Azerbaijan, China, =Persooniella asparagi
Taiwan, Georgia, India, Iran, (DC.) Syd.(1922)
Israel, Japan, Kazakhstan, =Puccinia discoidearum
Philippines, Turkey, var. asparagi (DC.) Wallr.
Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan (1833)
Europe: Austria, Belgium, Urediniomycetes; asparagus
Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech, rust
Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, Norwagia, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia
118. [r]:Puccinia coronata Corda
Africa: Algeria, Egypt, Ethiopia, (1837); ( = Puccinia
I: jika MP Agrostis capillaris (brown
bunga,
Kenya, Morocco, Tanzania coronata var. bromi W.P.
tidak
bentgrass), Agrostis gigantea daun,
America: Canada, Mexico, Fraser & Ledingham
diproses (black bent), Agrostis
batang
USA, Argentina, Brazil, Chile, (1933) =Puccinia coronata
II. jika MP stolonifera (creeping
diproses bentgrass), Alopecurus
Uruguay
var. calamagrostis W.P.
aequalis (Dent foxtail),
Asia: India, Israel, Japan,
Fraser & Ledingham
Kazakhstan, Mongolia, (1933) =Puccinia coronata
Arrhenatherum elatius (false
oatgrass), Avena sativa
Uzbekistan
var. elaeagni W.P. Fraser
Europe: Austria, Belarus, & Ledingham (1933)
(oats), Bromus erectus
Bosnia and Herzegovina, =Puccinia lolii =Puccinia
(upright brome(grass)),
Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech, sertata =Puccinia
Bromus tectorum (downy
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, coronata var. lolii
brome), Calamagrostis
France, Corsica, Germany, =Puccinia coronata var.
epigejos, Festuca
Greece, Hungary, Italy, Latvia, sertata =Puccinia
arundinacea (reed fescue),
Lithuania, Netherlands, alpiniae-coronata
Festuca ovina (sheeps
Norway, Poland, Portugal, =Puccinia mediterranea
fescue), Festuca pratensis
Romania, Russia, Serbia- =Puccinia coronata f. holci
(English bluegrass), Festuca
Montenegro, Slovakia, Spain, =Puccinia coronata var.
rubra (red fescue), Lolium
Canary Islands, Sweden, calamagrosteos
rigidum (rigid ryegrass),
Phalaris canariensis Switzerland, Ukraine, UK, =Aecidium alaterni
Serbia, Slovenia, Croatia, =Aecidium cathartici
(Canarygrass), Phleum
Bosnia and Herzegovina, =Aecidium frangulae
pratense (timothy), Secale
Montenegro, Macedonia, =Aecidium rhamni
cereale (rye), Trisetum
Oceania: Australia, New =Aecidium rhamni-alipnae
flavescens (yellow oatgrass)
Rhamnus caroliniana Zealand
=Aecidium rhamni-
(Carolina buckthorn),
infectoriae =Puccinia
Rhamnus cathartica
coronata var. intermedia
(buckthorn), Rhamnus
=Puccinia pumilae-
frangula (alder buckthorn),
coronata =Puccinia
turfgrasses
alpinae-coronata =Puccinia coronata var. avenae);
Urediniomycetes; crown rust, crown rust of oat, oat crown rust, leaf rust of oats
119. [r]: Sphenospora
I: jika MP Oncydium orchids daun,
America: USA
saphena Cummins;
tidak
tangkai
Basidiomycetes; rust
diproses
II. jika MP diproses
120. [r]:Uredo nigropunctaHenn.
America: Argentina, USA, (1896); ( =Uredo guacae
I: jika MP Orchidaceae, Cattleya sp,
daun,
Nicaragua, Bahama, Brazil, Mayor (1913) =Uredo
tidak
Epidendrum sp.
tangkai
Bolivia, Colombia, Cuba. behnickiana Henn. (1896)
diproses
II. jika MP
=Uredo epidendri Henn
diproses
=Uredo nigropuncta Henn) Basidiomycetes; rust