SERANGGA (INSECTS) NAMA ILMIAH/ SINONIM/

I. SERANGGA (INSECTS) NAMA ILMIAH/ SINONIM/

DAERAH SEBAR/ KLASIFIKASI/ NAMA UMUM/ GOLONGA

GEOGRAPHICAL SCIENTIFIC NAME/ SYNONIM/ N/ GROUP

PEMBAWA/

PATHWAY DISTRIBUTION TAXON/ COMMON NAME

HOST

Indonesia: Jawa, Sulawesi Say.;(=Acanthoscelides

1. Acanthoscelides obtectus

II Cajanus cajan (kacang gude, biji

Afrika: Angola,Burundi, irresectus Fåhraeus

pigeon pea), Phaseolus

Congo DR, Egypt, Kenya, =Acanthoscelides tetricus

(beans), Phaseolus

Lesotho, Malawi, Mauritius, Gyllenhal =Bruchidius

lunatus (lima bean),

Morocco, Nigeria, Rwanda, obsoletus =Bruchidius obtectus

Phaseolus vulgaris (buncis,

Reunion, Saint Helena, Say =Bruchus fabae Riley

common bean)

Senegal, Seychelles, South =Bruchus irresectus=Bruchus

Cicer arietinum (chickpea),

Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, obsoletus (Say) =Bruchus

Glycine max (kedelai,

Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe obtectus Say =Bruchus tetricus

soyabean), Lathyrus sativus

America:Argentina, Belize, Gyllenhal =Laria obtectus Say

(grasspea), Phaseolus

Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, =Larra irresectus=Mylabris

acutifolius (tepary bean),

Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, obtectus Say); Coleoptera:

Phaseolus coccineus (runner

Dominican Republic, Bruchidae; bean bruchid,

bean), Pisum sativum (pea),

Ecuador, El Savador, American seed beetle, bean

Vicia faba (faba bean), Vigna

Guadeloupe, Guatemala, beetle, bean weevil, common

unguiculata (kacang panjang,

Guyana, Honduras, Mexico, bean weevil, dried bean beetle,

cowpea), Zea mays (jagung,

Nicaragua, Panama, dried bean weevil

corn)

Paraguay, Peru, USA, Venezuela Asia:Armenia, India,Iraq, Israel, Japan, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Myanmar, Tajikistan, Thailand, Turkey, Vietnam Eropa: Albania, Austria,

Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Kosovo, Moldova, Montenegro, Macedonia, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland Oceania: Australia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea

Indonesia: Jawa Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae; giant

2. Aleurodicus dugesiiCockerell;

II Acacia auriculiformis, Acacia buah,

America: USA, Mexico, Costa whitefly

longifolia, Acacia saligna,

batang,

Acalypa hispida, Allamanda daun,

Rica, El Salvador,Guatemala

cathartica, Aralia, Bambusa, tanaman

Asia: Pakistan

Bauhinia galpinni, Begonia, Bishofia javanica, Bombax sp., Bougainvillea variegate, Bougainvillea spectabilis, Brachychiton spp., Buxus japonica,Calliandra sp., Canna sp., Capsicum frutescens (cabai rawit, chillies), Cinnamomum, Citrus, Cocos nucifera (kelapa, coconut), Codiaeum variegatum, Colacasia (Elephant ear, taro), Cyperus papyrus (papyrus), Dahlia pinnata, Erythrina

sp.,Eucalyptus spp., Eugenia uniflora , Euphorbia pulcherrima , Ficus spp., Heliconia sp., Hibiscus spp., Hoya sp., Jasmine sambac, Mandevilla, Morus alba (murbei, mulberry), Mucuna bennetti, Murraya paniculata (kemuning, mock orange), Musa spp. (pisang, banana), Nandina domestica,Neomarica longifolia,Osteospermum sp., Passiflora sp., Pelargonium sp., Persea americana (avokad, avocado), Phaseolus lunatus, Philodendron spp., Plumeria, Psidium guajava (jambu biji, guava), Ricinus communis (jarak kepyar, castor oil bean), Secium edule, Solanum sp.

batang,dau Indonesia: Sulawesi Lepidoptera: Limacadidae; ulat

3. Altha alastorTams.;

II Cocos nucifera (kelapa,

coconut) dan Palmae

n, bunga,

siput/slug caterpillar, the

lainnya, Bombax

buah

moth of borneo

(Bombacaceae)

Indonesia: Papua Hemiptera: Coreidae; coconut

4. Amblypelta theobromaBrown;

II Cocos nucifera (kelapa,

batang,

daun, buah Oceania: Papua New Guinea bug

coconut), Theobroma cacao

(kakao, cocoa)

Indonesia: Maluku (=Atherigona indica =A. indica

5. Atherigona soccataRond.;

II Sorghum bicolor (sorgum,

batang

Africa: Burkina Faso, Congo ssp. infuscata=A. varia var.

sorghum)

Brachiaria reptans Democratic Republic, Egypt, Brachiaria reptans Democratic Republic, Egypt,

Ghana, Kenya, Madagascar, Sorghum shoot (stem) fly,

(sprawling panicum),

Malawi, Mauritius, Morocco, great fly, millet stem fly, millet

Cymbopogon citratus (serai

Nigeria, Réunion, South stem maggot

wangi, citronella grass),

Cymbopogon ceasius,

Africa, Sudan, Tanzania,

Cynodon dactylon (bermuda

Uganda, Zimbabwe.

grass), Desmostachya

Asia: Bangladesh, China,

bipinnata (halfa grass),

India, Iraq, Israel, Myanmar,

Digitaria sanguinalis (large

Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines,

crabgrass), Echinochloa

Saudi Arabia, Sri Lanka,

colona (junglerice),

Thailand, Turkey, Vietnam. Echinochloa crus-galli Europe: Italy.

(barnyard grass), Eleusine coracana (jaba, finger’s millet), Eleusine indica (goose grass), Eragrostis japonica (delicate lovegrass), Eriochloa procera (tropical cupgrass), Megathyrsus maximus (Guinea grass), Panicum antidotale (elbow grass), Panicum miliaceum (millet), Panicum repens (torpedo grass), Paspalum scrobiculatum (ricegrass paspalum), Pennisetum glaucum ( bajra, pearl millet), Pennisetum (feather grass), Rottboellia cochinchinensis (itch grass), Setaria intermedia , Setaria pumila (yellow foxtail), Setaria verticillata (bristly foxtai),

Sorghum arundinaceum , Sorghum halepense (Johnson grass), Sorghum propinquum , Sorghum purpureosericeum , Triticum aestivum (gandum, wheat), Urochloa brizantha (palisadegrass), Urochloa distachya , Zea mays (jagung, corn), Brachiaria brizantha , Oryza sativa (padi, paddy )

Indonesia:Bali, Kalimantan, (=Chaetodacus bryoniae);

6. Bactrocera bryoniaeTryon;

II Mangifera indica (mangga,

buah,

Papua, Maluku Utara. Diptera: Tephritidae; fruit fly

mango), Passiflora

media

quadrangularis (markisa,

tanam,

Oceania: Australia, French

granadilla, passion-fruit),

tanah

Polynesia, New Caledonia.

Bryonopsis affinis , Musa spp. (pisang, banana), Capsicum frutescens (cabai rawit, chilies)

Indonesia: Kalimantan, (=Chaetodacus musae =C.

7. Bactrocera musaeTryon.;

II Musa spp. (pisang, banana), buah,

Sulawesi, Maluku, Papua, tryoni var. musae =Dacus

Carica papaya (pepaya,

media

pawpaw, papaya), Psidium

tanam,

Jawa (Barat)

musae=Strumeta musae) ;

Asia: Philippines. Diptera: Tephritidae; banana

guajava (jambu biji (seed),

tanah

Oceania: Australia, Papua fruit fly

guava)

New Guinea, Bismarck, Solomon Islands.

Indonesia:Bali, Kepulauan (=Dacus occipitalis = Dacus

8. Bactrocera occipitalis Bezzi;

II Averrhoa carambola

buah

Riau, Kalimantan (Barat, dorsalis var. occipitalis

(belimbing, carambola, star

Tengah, Timur, Selatan), =Chaetodacus occipitalis Bezzi

fruit), Citrus reticulata (jeruk

Maluku Utara, NTB, Sulawesi = Chaetodacus ferrugineus var.

mandarin, mandarin,

tangerine, mandarin orange),

(Barat, Tenggara, Selatan) (Barat, Tenggara, Selatan)

Asia: Brunei Darussalam, pedestris var. occipitalis);

Mangifera indica (mangga,

Malaysia, Philippines. Diptera: Tephritidae

mango), Achras (=Manilkara)

zapota (sawo, sapodilla), Psidium guajava (jambu biji, guava), Spondias purpurea (plum, red mombin)

Indonesia: Jawa (=B.tabaci- biotype);

9. Bemisia argentifoliiGennadius;

II Gossypium hirsutum (kapas, batang,

Africa:Egypt, Mauritius, Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae;

cotton),

daun,

South Africa, Tunisia. silverleaf white fly, sweet

Solanumlycopersicum (tomat, buah,

America: Antigua and potato white fly B-biotype,

tomato), Fabaceae,

bunga

Brassicaceae, Carica papaya

Barbuda, Belize, Brazil,

(pepaya, pawpaw, papaya),

Canada, Colombia, Costa

Capsicum annuum (cabai

Rica, Cuba, Dominican

besar, paprika, bell-pepper,

Republic, Grenada,

hot pepper, chilies),

Guadeloupe,

Euphorbia pulcherrima,

Guatemala,Honduras,

Lactuca sativa (salada,

Jamaica, Martinique, Mexico,

lettuce), Nicotiana tabacum

Nicaragua, Panama, Puerto

(tembakau, tobacco),

Rico, Saint Kitts and Nevis,

Solanum melongena (terung,

Trinidad and Tobago, USA,

aubergine, eggplant)

Hawaii, Venezuela.

Brassicaceae, Fagaceae,

Asia: China, Taiwan, Iran,

Geraniaceae, Lauraceae,

Israel, Japan, Jordan, Korea

Myrtaceae, Oleaceae,

Republic of (South Korea),

Passifloraceae, Rosaceae,

Turkey, Yemen.

Rubiaceae, Solanaceae, Acer,

Europe: Austria, Cyprus,

Amaranthus, Mentha ,

France, Italy, Netherlands,

Bombacaceae.

Norway, Poland, Portugal, Spain, Canary Islands, UK Oceania: American Samoa, Australia, Cook Islands, Fiji, French Polynesia, Guam,

Marshall Islands, New Caledonia, New Zealand, Niue, Northern Mariana Islands.

Indonesia: Jawa orchidii Moulton;

10. Chaetanaphothrips

II Anthurium andreanum ,

batang,

Africa: Mauritius, Sao Tome (=Anaphothrips orchidii

Alternanthera (joyweed),

and Principe.

=Euthrips orchidii =Physothrips

America:Argentina, Brazil, orchidii =Taeniothrips orchidii) ;

Chrysanthemum (daisy),

tanah

Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Thysanoptera: Thripidae;

Musa spp. (pisang, banana),

Dominican Republic, anthurium thrips, orchid

Petroselinum

Ecuador, Grenada, thrips

crispum (peterseli, parsley),

Zea mays (jagung, corn)

Guadeloupe, Honduras,

Acer palmatum ,

Jamaica, Mexico, Puerto Rico,

Adiantum (japanese maple),

Saint Lucia, Suriname,

Adiantum (maidenhair

Trinidad and Tobago, USA,

ferns), Allium (onions, garlic,

Hawaii.

leek, etc), Amaranthus(grain

Asia: China, Taiwan, India,

amaranth), Begonia, Citrus

Japan, Malaysia, Nepal, Sri

reticulataxparadisi (tangelo),

Lanka.

Citrus sinensis (navel

Europe: Italy, Poland

orange), Citrus x paradisi

Oceania: Australia, Tonga.

(jeruk bali, pommel, grapefruit), Citrus spp. (jeruk, orange), Coix lacryma-jobi (jail, Job’s tears), Cryptotaenia canadensis , Euphorbia (spurges), Epiphyllum, Ipomoea batatas (ubi jalar, sweetpotato), Iresine (blood-leaf), Litchi sinensis (leci, lychee),

Lycopersicon, Passiflora (passion flower), Paspalum conjugatum (sour paspalum), Piper(pepper), Pisonia, Orchid, ornamental plants

Indonesia: Jawa, Sulawesi, (=Aonidiella ficorum

11. Chrysomphalus aonidum L;

II Citrus spp. (jeruk, orange), batang,

Citrus aurantiifolia (lime),

daun, buah Sumatera.

=Aspidiotus (Chrysomphalus)

Africa: Algeria, Burundi, aonidum=A.(Chrysomphalus)

Citrus limon (lemon), Citrus

Comoros, Egypt, Ethiopia, ficus =A.aonidum =A. ficorum

maxima (pummelo), Citrus

Guinea, Kenya, Madagascar, =Aspidiotus ficus =Coccus

sinensis (navel orange),

Malawi, Mauritius, Morocco, aonidum) ; Hemiptera:

Citrus x paradisi (grapefruit)

Asparagus officinalis Mozambique, Nigeria, Diaspididae; red scale,

Réunion, Senegal, Seychelles, Sircular black scale

(asparaga, asparagus),

Carica papaya (pepaya,

South Africa, Sudan,

pawpaw, papaya), Camelia

Tanzania,Tunisia, Uganda,

sinensis (teh, tea),

Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Cinnamomum

America: Argentina,

verum (cinnamon), Cocos

Barbados, Bermuda, Brazil,

nucifera (kelapa, coconut),

Cayman Islands, Chile,

Dracaena , Dracaena reflexa,

Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba,

Gossypium hirsutum (kapas,

Dominica, Dominican

cotton),

Republic, El Salvador, French

Lauraceae,Palmaceae, Malus

Guiana, Guadeloupe,

domestica (apel, apple),

Guatemala, Guyana,Haiti,

Mangifera indica (mangga,

Honduras, Jamaica,

mango), Musa spp. (pisang,

Martinique, Mexico,

banana), Musa x paradisiaca

Montserrat, Panama,

(plantain), Phoenix

Paraguay, Puerto Rico, Saint

dactylifera (kurma, date-

Lucia, Saint Vincent and the

palm), Pinus merkusii (pinus,

Grenadines, Suriname,

pinetree), Pinus (pines)

Trinidad and Tobago, USA,

United States Virgin Islands, Hawaii, Uruguay, Venezuela Asia: Bhutan, British Indian Ocean Territory, China, India, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Japan, Jordan, Korea DPR (North Korea), Korea Republic of (South Korea), Lebanon, Malaysia, Myanmar, Oman, Pakistan,Philippines, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Syria, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Vietnam, Yemen. Europe: Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina,Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Kosovo, Malta, Montenegro, Macedonia, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Spain, Serbia, Slovenia Oceania: American Samoa, Australia, Cook Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Fiji, French Polynesia, Kiribati, New Caledonia, Niue, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tuvalu.

Indonesia: Jawa, Papua, dictyospermi Morgan;

12. Chrysomphalus

II Albizia julibrissin (silk tree), batang,

Areca, Areca catechu

daun, buah Sumatera

(=Aspidiotus (Chrysom phalus)

US Minor Outlying Islands: dictyospermi=A. agrumicula

(pinang, betelnut-pam),

Johnston Island. =A. arecae =A. dictyospermi

Citrus spp. (jeruk, orange),

Africa: Algeria, Angola, Benin, =A. dictyospermi v. arecae =A.

Citrus aurantiifolia (lime),

Cameroon, Cape Verde, dictyospermi v. jamaicensis =A.

Citrus aurantium (sour

Comoros, Congo, DR jamaicensis (=Amangiferae

orange), Citus maxima

Congo,Ivory Coast, Egypt, =Chrysomphalus arecae

(pummelo), Citrus sinensis

Eritrea, Ethiopia, Guinea, =C.castigatus =C.

(navel orange), Citrus unshiu

Kenya, Libya, Madagascar, dictyospermatis =C.

(satsuma), Citrus x paradisi

Mozambique, Mali, Mauritius, jamaicensis =C. mangiferae =C.

(grapefruit), Cocos nucifera

Morocco, Niger, Nigeria, minor) ; Hemiptera:

(kelapa, coconut), Dracaena,

Réunion, Senegal, Seychelles, Diaspididae; dictyospermum

Olea (olive), Olea europaea

Sierra Leone, Somalia, South scale

subsp. europaea (zaitun,

olive),Howea, Palmaceae

Africa, Sudan, Tanzania,

lainnya, Solanaceae,

Togo, Tunisia, Uganda,

Mangifera indica (mangga,

Zambia, Zimbabwe.

mango), Manihot, Musa

America: Argentina,

(pisang, banana), Musa x

Bahamas, Barbados,

paradisiaca (pisang kepok,

Bermuda, Brazil, Bolivia,

plantain), Persea americana

Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica,

(avokad, avocado), Plumeria,

Cuba, Dominican Republic, El

Rosa (roses), Plumeria

savador, Ecuador, Grenada,

(frangipani), Solanum

Guadeloupe, Guatemala,

melongena (terung,

Guyana, Honduras, Jamaica,

aubergine, eggplant),

Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama,

Syzygium malaccense

Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico,

(jambu bol, malay-apple),

Saint Lucia, Suriname,

Taxus baccata (english yew),

Trinidad and Tobago, USA,

Zingiber officinale (jahe,

Hawaii, South Carolina,

ginger)

Uruguay, United States Virgin

Acacia (wattles), Acer

Islands, Venezuela.

palmatum (Japanese maple),

Asia:Armenia, Azerbaijan,

Agave, Aloe (grey alder),

Cambodia, China, Georgia

Annona, Araucaria

(Republic), India, Iran, Iraq,

angustifolia (Paraná pine),

Israel, Japan, Korea Republic

Artocarpus (breadfruit trees),

of (South Korea),Laos,

Asparagus, Bambusa

Lebanon, Malaysia, Mongolia,

vulgaris (common bamboo),

Myanmar, Philippines, Sri

Buxus (box), Cactaceae

Lanka, Syria, Taiwan,

(cacti), Camellia, Carica

Thailand, Turkey,

papaya (pepaya, papaw),

Turkmenistan, Vietnam.

Ceratonia siliqua (locust

Europe:Albania, Bulgaria,

bean), Cinnamomum,

Belarus, Bosnia and

Colocasia, Crataegus

Herzegovina, Czech Republic,

(hawthorns), Cupressus

Croatia,Estonia,France,Georgi

macrocarpa (monterey

a, Germany, Greece, Italy,

cypress), Cycas, Cymbidium,

Latvia, Lithuania, Portugal,

Cypripedium , Dendrobium,

Poland, Malta,Moldova,

Dictyosperma, Diospyros

Montenegro, Macedonia,

(malabar ebony), Elaeis

Kazakhstan, Kosovo,

guineensis (African oil palm),

Kyrgystan, Tajikistan,

Erythrina variegata (Indian

Uzbekistan, Ukraine, Russia,

coral tree), Eucalyptus

Romania, Serbia, Slovenia,

(Eucalyptus tree), Eugenia,

Spain, Slovakia Republic, UK,

Euphorbia regis-jubae , Ficus,

Oceania: American Samoa,

Fraxinus (ashes), Grevillea,

Australia, Federated states of

Hedera (Ivy), Hibiscus

Micronesia, Cook Islands, Fiji,

syriacus (shrubby althaea),

French Polynesia, Guam,

Howea forsteriana (paradise

Kiribati, Marshall Islands,

palm), Latania, Laurus

New Caledonia, Niue, Norfolk

(laurel), Ligustrum (rivet),

Island, Northern Mariana Macadamia tetraphylla Islands, Palau, Papua New

(rough-shell macadamia

Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Guinea, Samoa, Solomon

Islands, Tonga, Tuvalu.

species apple), Monstera deliciosa (ceriman), Morus (mulberrytree), Myristica (nutmeg), Nerium oleander (oleander), Phoenix (date palm), Phormium, Pinus (pines), Pistacia, Pittosporum, Platanus (planes), Populus (poplars), Prunus (stone fruit), Psidium guajava (guava), Punica, Pyrus (pears), Quercus (oaks), Rhamnus (Buckthorn), Roystonea, Ruscus, Rute (rue), Salix (willows), Sida, Sophora, Spondias (purple mombin), Strelitzia, Tamarindus, Thuja occidentalis (Eastern white cedar), Thuja occidentalis (Eastern white cedar), Vanilla planifolia (vanilla), Vitis vinifera (grapevine), Xanthosoma (cocoyam), Yucca

biji, bunga Indonesia: Jawa (=Contarinia sorghicola =C.

13. Contarinia sorghicolaCoquillet;

II Sorghum bicolor (sorgum,

Africa: Benin, Burkina Faso, saltata =C. andropogonis =C.

sorghum)

Burundi, Cameroon, Central palposa=Diplosis sorghicola

Sorghum arundinaceum ,

African Republic, Chad, DR =Allocontarinia sorghicola) ;

Sorghum dochna , Sorghum

Congo, Ethiopia, Gambia, Diptera: Cecidomyiidae; ganjur

halepense (Johnson grass),

Sorghum sudanense (sudan

Ghana, Kenya, Malawi, Mali,

(sorgum)/Sorghum midge

grass), rerumputan (Triodia

Mauritius, Niger, Nigeria,

flava, Setaria qlauce,

Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Andropogon gayanus) Leone, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe America: Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Barbados, Brazil, Colombia, Cuba, Curaçao, Dominica, El Salvador, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Martinique, Mexico, Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles, Nicaragua, Puerto Rico, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines,Trinidad and Tobago, USA, United States Virgin Islands, Hawaii, Uruguay, Venezuela Asia: India, Iran, Japan, Myanmar, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Yemen Europe: France, Italy, Russia. Oceania: Australia, Fiji, New Caledonia, Papua New Guinea.

Indonesia: Jawa Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae;

14. Coptotermes gestroiWasmann;

II Pinus, Albizia, Hevea, other batang,

Africa: Madagascar, Asian subterranean termite

wood

kayu

Mauritius, Reunion

America: Antigua, Barbados, Brazil, CaymanIslands, Mexico, Montserrat, Puerto Rico, St Kitts and Nevis, USA, US Virgin Islands Asia: Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand Europe: Italy Oceania: French Polynesia

Indonesia: Sumatera (=Ploneta bradleyi);

15. Darna bradleyiHolloway;

II Elaeis guineensis (kelapa

batang,

sawit, oilpalm)

daun

Lepidoptera: Limacodidae; ulat api/fire worm

Indonesia: Sulawesi, Papua (=Orthocraspeda catenata

16. Darna catenatus Snellen;

II Cocos nucifera (kelapa,

daun

coconut), Elaeis guineensis

(Snellen)=Orthocraspeda

(kelapa sawit, oil palm),

catenatus ); Lepidoptera:

Metroxylon sagu (palem

Limacodidae.

sagu, sago palm)

Indonesia: Sumatera (=Dihammus fistulator

17. Dihammus rusticatorF.;

II Coffea arabica (kopi arabika, batang,

arabica coffee), Coffea spp.

daun, akar

=Monochamus fistulator =

(kopi, coffee), Jatropha sp.

Acalolepta fistulator =

(jarak iri, Barbados nut

A.rusticator) ; Coleoptera:

tree), Manihot esculenta (ubi

Cerambycidae; penggerek

kayu, cassava), Ricinus

batang / stem borer

communis (jarak kepyar, castor oil bean), Theobroma cacao (kakao, cocoa), Solanum melongena (terung, aubergine, eggplant)

Indonesia: Jawa Meneville; (=Lophosternus

18. Dorysthenes buquetiGuerin-

II Saccharum officinarum (tebu, batang,

Asia : India, Laos, Malaysia, buqueti); Coleoptera:

sugarcane), Bambusa

daun

Myanmar, Thailand. Cerambycidae; longhorn beetle

vulgaris (common bamboo),

Spondias pinnata

(kedondong, otaheitte apple), Leucaena glauca (lamtoro gung, horse tamarind) Manihot esculenta (ubi kayu, cassava)

Indonesia: Jawa, Sumatera Cockerell; Hemiptera:

19. Dysmicoccus brevipes

II Ananas comusus (Nanas,

buah,

Africa: Angola, Benin,Burkina Pseudococcidae; pineapple

pineapple),

batang,

Faso, Burundi, mealybug

Anacardium occidentale daun,

(kacang mete, cashew nut), tanaman

Cameroon,Chad, Congo,

Annona muricata (sirsak,

Egypt, Ghana,Guinea,Ivory

soursop), Annona reticulata

Coast, Kenya, Madagascar,

(bullock’s heart),Annona

Malawi, Mali,Mauritius,

squamosa (srikaya,

Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria,

sweetsop), Apium graveolens

Reunion, Rwanda, Sao Tome

(seledri, celery), Arachis

and Principe, Senegal,

hypogaea (kacang tanah,

Seychelles, Sierra Leone,

peanut), Brassica rapa

Somalia,South Africa, Sudan,

subsp. chinensis (Chinese

Tanzania, Togo, Uganda,

cabbage), Canna indica

Zambia

(canna lilly), Capsicum

America:Antigua and

(peppers), Casuarina

Barbuda, Argentina, Bolivia,

equisetifolia (casuarina),

Brazil, Bahamas, Barbados,

Citrus, Cocos nucifera

Belize,Bermuda, Bolivia,

(kelapa, coconut), Coffea

Brazil, Cayman Island,

arabica (kopi, arabica

Central America & Caribbean,

coffee), Colocasia esculenta

Colombia, Chile, Costa Rica,

(talas, taro), Cucumis sativus

Cuba, Dominica, Dominican

(ketimun, cucumber),

Republic, Ecuador,El

Cucurbita (labu, pumpkin),

Salvador, French

Daucus carota (wortel,

Guiana,Guyana, Grenada,

carrot), Elaeis guineensis

Guadeloupe, Guatemala,

(kelapa sawit, oil palm),

Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica,

Ficus, Gossypium (kapas,

Panama, Puerto Rico,

cotton), Hibiscus

Paraguay, Peru, Mexico,

(rosemallows), Ipomoea

Martinique, Montserrat,

batatas (ubi jalar, sweet

Nicaragua, Saint Kitts and

potato), Malus domestica

Nevis, Saint Lucia, Suriname,

(apel, apple), Mangifera

Trinidad and Tobago,

indica (mangga, mango),

Venezuela, Uruguay, USA,

Manihot esculenta (ubi kayu,

United States Virgin Islands

cassava), Medicago sativa

Asia: Bangladesh, Brunei

(alfalfa, lucerne), Musa

Darussalam, Cambodia,

(pisang, banana), Persea

China, Taiwan, India, Iran,

americana (avokad,

Japan, Malaysia, Pakistan,

avocado), Phoenix dactylifera

Philippines, Singapore, Sri

(kurma, date-palm), Piper

Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand,

betle (betel pepper), Poaceae

Vietnam

(grasses), Psidium guajava

Europe: Italy, Portugal, Spain

(jambu biji, guava),

Oceania: American Samoa,

Saccharum officinarum (tebu,

Australia, Cook Islands, Fiji,

sugarcane), Solanum

French Polynesia, Federated

tuberosum (kentang, potato),

states of Micronesia, Guam, Sorghum halepense Kiribati, Marshall Island, New

(Johnson grass), Theobroma

Caledonia, Niue, Northern

cacao (coklat, cocoa),

Mariana Islands, Palau,

Trifolium pratense (purple

Papua New Guinea, Samoa,

clover), Trifolium repens

Solomon Islands, Tokelau,

(white clover), Zea mays

Tonga, Tuvalu, Vanuatu,

(jagung, corn), Zingiber

Wallis and Futuna Islands

officinale (jahe, ginger)

Hedychium coronarium (white butterfly ginger lily), Rhapis excelsa

Indonesia Jawa neobrevipes Beardsley;

20. Dysmicoccus

II Acacia (wattles), Achras(=

buah,

America:Jamaica, Mexico, Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae;

Manilkara) zapota (sawo,

batang,

sapodilla), Agave sisalana,

daun,

USA

gray pineapple mealybug

Aglaonema, Alpinia,

tanaman

Asia: Fiji, Malaysia,

Anagallis arvensis (scarlet

Philippines,Taiwan, Thailand

pimpernel), Ananas comosus

Eropa: Italy

(naenas, pineapple), Annona,

Oceania:Micronesia

Arachis, Artocarpus (breadfruit), Barringtonia, Cajanus, Citrus, Clerodendrum (Fragrant clerodendron), Coccoloba (sea grape), Codiaeum (ornamental croton), Coffea (coffee), Cresentia alata,Cucurbita maxima (waluh, labu parang, pumpkin), Garcinia mangostana (manggis, mangosteen), Gossypium (cotton), Guettarda, Heliconia, Solanumlycopersicum (tomat, tomato), Musa (pisang, banana), Opuntia (Pricklypear), Pandanus (screw-pine), Phaseolus (beans), Philodendron, Pipturus argentea,Piscidia Arachis, Artocarpus (breadfruit), Barringtonia, Cajanus, Citrus, Clerodendrum (Fragrant clerodendron), Coccoloba (sea grape), Codiaeum (ornamental croton), Coffea (coffee), Cresentia alata,Cucurbita maxima (waluh, labu parang, pumpkin), Garcinia mangostana (manggis, mangosteen), Gossypium (cotton), Guettarda, Heliconia, Solanumlycopersicum (tomat, tomato), Musa (pisang, banana), Opuntia (Pricklypear), Pandanus (screw-pine), Phaseolus (beans), Philodendron, Pipturus argentea,Piscidia

Indonesia: Jawa, Bali Waterhouse;Coleoptera;

21. Heterobostrychus aequalis

II Camelia sinensis, Ceiba

batang,

Africa: South Africa, Bostrichidae

pentandra, Forest trees

kayu

Madagascar

powder post beetle Asia: India, Thailand, Philippines, Malaysia, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh Europe: Germany Oceania: Papua New Guinea

Indonesia: Jawa, Sulawesi, semivelutina Heller.;

22. Hexamitodera

II Syzygium aromaticum batang

Maluku, Sumatera Coleoptera: Cerambycidae;

(cengkeh, clove)

Asia: Brunei Darussalam. penggerek batang

Syzygium spp., Eugenia

spp., Psidium guajava

(cengkeh)/stem borer

(jambu biji, guava) dan Myrtaceae lainnya

Indonesia: Jawa, Kalimantan, (=Pericerya purchasi);

23. Icerya purchasiMaskell.;

II Acacia (wattles), Acacia

batang,

Sulawesi, Sumatera, Papua. Hemiptera: Margarodidae;

confusa,

daun

Africa: Algeria, Angola, Cape cottony cushion scale

Acalypha (copperleaf), Albizia

julibrissin (silk tree),

Verde, DR Congo, Congo, Casuarina equisetifolia Egypt, Ethiopia, Kenya, Libya,

(casuarina),Citrus, Cytisus

Madagascar, Malawi,

(broom), Glycine soja

Mauritius, Morocco,

(kedelai,

Mozambique, Saint Helena,

soybean),Indigofera(indigo),

Sao Tome and Principe,

Mangifera indica (mangga,

Senegal, Seychelles, Somalia, Senegal, Seychelles, Somalia,

South Africa, Sudan,

mulberry), Psophocarpus

Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia,

tetragonolobus (kecipir,

Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

winged bean), Psidium

America: Antigua and

guajava (jambu biji, guava),

Barbuda, Argentina,

Pittosporum, Rosa , Ulex

Bahamas, Barbados,

europaeus (gorse)Acacia

Bermuda, Bolivia, Brazil,

dealbata (acacia bernier),

Cayman Islands, Chile,

Albizia procera (white siris),

Colombia, Cuba, Curaçao,

Baccharis , Begonia, Buxus

Dominica, Dominican

sempervirens (common

Republic, Ecuador, El

boxwood), Caesalpinia(divi-

Salvador, Guadeloupe,

divi), Cajanus cajan (kacang

Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti,

gude, pigeon pea), Camellia,

Jamaica, Martinique, Mexico,

Cassia (sennas), Casuarina,

Montserrat, Paraguay, Peru,

Choisya, Choisya ternata

Puerto Rico, Saint Kitts and

( mexican orange blossom),

Nevis, Saint Lucia, Trinidad

Crotalaria, Desmodium (tick

and Tobago, USA, Uruguay,

clovers), Elaeagnus,

Venezuela.

Euphorbia (spurges),

Asia: Bangladesh, China,

Fragaria (strawberry),

Christmas Island (Indian

Fuchsia, Hebe, Hedera helix

Ocean), Cocos Islands,

(ivy), Hydrangea

Georgia (Republic), India,

(Hydrangeas), Impatiens

Iran, Iraq, Israel, Japan,

(balsam), Jasminum

Jordan, Korea DPR (North

(jasmine), Juncus(rushes),

Korea), Republic of Korea

Lantana camara (lantana),

(South Korea), Lebanon,

Laurus nobilis (Sweet bay),

Malaysia, Maldives, Pakistan,

Maranta bicolor , Macadamia

Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Sri

integrifolia (macadamia nut),

Lanka, Syria, Thailand,

Malpighia

Taiwan, Turkey, Vietnam,

punicifolia,Malpighia glabra

Yemen.

(acerola),Medicago

Europe: Albania, Bulgaria,

sativa (alfalfa, lucerne),

Bosnia and Herzegovina,

Mimosa (sensitive plants),

Cyprus, Croatia,France,

Morus nigra (murbei,

Gibraltar, Greece, Hungary,

blackmulberry), Nandina

Italy, Malta, Montenegro,

domestica (heavenly bamboo),

Macedonia, Portugal,

Pelargonium (pelargoniums),

Romania, Russia, Spain,

Pittosporum, Pittosporum

Switzerland, Serbia, Slovenia,

tobira (japanese

United Kingdom.

pittosporum)Plumbago,

Oceania: Australia, Federated

Plumbago zeylanica, Prunus

States of Micronesia (Caroline

(stone fruit), Punica

Islands), Fiji, French

granatum (delima,

Polynesia, Guam, Kiribati,

pomegranate), Pyracantha

Marshall Islands, New

coccinea (scarletfirethorn),

Caledonia, New Zealand,

Quercus (oaks), Ricinus

Norfolk Island, Northern

communis (jarak

Mariana Islands, Palau,

kepyar,castor oil bean), Rosa

Papua New Guinea, Solomon

(roses), Schinus(pepper tree),

Islands, Tonga, US Minor

Senecio (groundsel),Spartium

Outlying Islands

junceum (spanish broom), Spirarea, Syringa (lilac), Ros marinus officinalis ( rosemary),Virgilia capensis (snowdrop tree)

Indonesia: Sumatera (=Laodelphax striatellus

24. Laodelphax striatella Fall.;

II Avena sativa (oats),

batang,

Africa: Algeria, Morocco, =Calligypona marginata =C.

Hordeum vulgare (barli,

daun

barley), Oryza sativa (padi,

Tunisia

Asia: Armenia, China, Georgia striatella =Delphax notula =D.

striatella =Delphacodes

paddy), Saccharum

(Republic of), India, Iran, striata =D. striatella =Liburnia

officinarum (tebu,

Israel, Japan, Korea DPR akashiensis =L. devastans =L.

sugarcane), serealia lainnya

(other cerealia), Triticum

(North Korea), Republic of (North Korea), Republic of

Korea (South Korea), maikoensis =L. marginata =L.

(wheat), Triticum aestivum

(gandum, wheat), Zea mays

Philippines,

minonensis =L. nipponica =L.

Taiwan,Tajikistan, Thailand, striatella) ; Hemiptera:

(jagung, corn),

Dactylis glomerata Turkmenistan, Vietnam Delphacidae; smaller brown

Europe: Austria, Belgium, planthopper

(orchardgrass), Digitaria

ciliaris (southern crabgrass),

Bulgaria, Bosnia and

Echinochloa

Herzegovina, Czech, Croatia,

(barnyardgrass), Lolium

Denmark, Finland, France,

(ryegrasses), Poa annua

Germany, Hungary, Ireland,

(annual meadowgrass),

Italy, Sardinia, Moldova, Montenegro, Macedonia, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Spain, Swedia, Switzerland, Slovakia, Serbia, Slovenia, Ukraine, UK Oceania:Federated states ofMicronesia,Northern Mariana Islands

Indonesia: Jawa, Sulawesi Diptera: Agromyzidae;

25. Liriomyza chinensisKato;

II Allium cepa (bawang bombai, batang,

Asia: Japan, Malaysia, China, pengorok daun/onion leaves

miner Europe: France, Germany

Indonesia: Jawa, Sumatera (=Agromyza phaseolunata

26. Liriomyza trifoliiBurgess;

II Abelmoschus esculentus batang,

Africa: Benin, Ivory Coast, =Liriomyza alliovora =L.

(okra, lady’s finger),

daun

Ageratum , Allium spp

Egypt, Ethiopia, Guinea,

Kenya, Madagascar, Diptera: Agromyzidae;

phaseolunata =Oscinis trifolii); (onions, garlic, leek,etc)

Mauritius, Mayotte, Morocco, penggorok daun (leaves),

Allium sativum (bawang

Nigeria, Réunion, Senegal, serpentine leaf miner,

putih, garlic), Arachys

South Africa, Sudan, American serpentine leaf

hypogaea (kacang tanah,

Tanzania, Tunisia, Zambia, miner, chrysanthemum leaf

peanut), Aster, Beta vulgaris

var. saccharifera (bit gula,

Zimbabwe.

miner

sugarbeet),

America: Argentina,

Bidens (burmarigold),

Bahamas, Barbados,

Brassica rapa cultivar group

Bermuda, Brazil, British

Mizuna, Brassicarapa subsp.

Virgin Islands, Canada, Chile,

chinensis (pak-choi, Chinese

Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba,

cabbage), Chrysanthemum

Dominican Republic,

spp, Chrysanthemum

Ecuador, French Guiana,

morifolium (chrysanthemum

Guadeloupe, Guatemala,

(florists), Capsicum annuum

Guyana, Martinique, Mexico,

(cabai besar, paprika, bell-

Netherlands Antilles, Peru,

pepper, hot pepper, chilies),

Puerto Rico, Saint Kitts and Callistephus, Cucumis melo Nevis, Trinidad and Tobago,

(melon, melon), Cucumis

USA, United State Virgin

sativus (mentimun,

Island, Hawaii, Venezuela.

cucumber), Cucurbita pepo

Asia: China, India, Israel,

(labu kuning, zucchini),

Japan, Jordan, Republic of

Cucurbitaceae (cucurbits),

Korea (South Korea),

Dahlia, Dendranthema,

Lebanon, Oman, Philippines,

Dianthus, Gaillardia,

Saudi Arabia, Taiwan,

Gerbera (barbeton daisy),

Turkey, United Arab

Glycine max (kedelai,

Emirates, Vietnam, Yemen.

soyabean),

Europe: Austria, Belgium,

Gossypium (cotton),

Bosnia and

Gossypium hirsutum (kapas,

Herzegovina,Croatia, Cyprus,

cotton), Gypsophila(baby’s

Czech Republic, Finland,

breath),

France, Greece, Italy, Malta,

Helianthus(sunflower),

Montenegro, Macedonia,

Nasturtium officinale (selada

Netherlands, Portugal,

air, watercress), Lactuca

Romania, Russia, Slovakia,

sativa (lettuce), Lathyrus

Slovenia, Spain,

(Vetchling ),

Switzerland,Serbia.

Solanumlycopersicum (tomat,

Oceania: American Samoa, Oceania: American Samoa,

Australia, Federated states of

sativa (alfalfa, lucerne),

Micronesia, Guam, Northern

Phaseolus spp. Phaseolus

Mariana Islands, Samoa,

(beans),Phaseolus lunatus

Tonga.

(lima bean), Phaseolus vulgaris (buncis, common bean), Pisum sativum(pea), Polyphagous (polyphagous), Salvia (sage), Senecio (grounsel), Solanum lycopersicum (tomat, tomato), Solanum melongena (terung, aubergine, eggplant), Solanum tuberosum (kentang, potato), Spinacia oleracea (spinach), Tagetes (marigold), Tropaeolum, Trifolium (cengkeh, clovers),Trifolium repens (white clover), Vicia (vetch), Vigna unguiculata (kacang panjang, cowpea), ZinniaAllium cepa (bawang bombay, onion), Allium schoenoprasum (chives), Alstroemeria (inca lily), Ambrosia (ragweed), Antirrhinum (snapdragon), Apium graveolens var. dulce (bleached celery), Arachis, Artemisia (wormwoods),

Avena sativa (oats), Baccharis, Basella, Bellis,Cassia (sennas), Centaurea (knapweed),Carthamus, Cestrum (jessamine), Chenopodium (goosefoot), Chrysanthemum indicum (chrysanthemum), Citrullus lanatus (semangka, watermelon), Crataegus (hawthorns), Crotalaria, Cucurbita maxima (labu, giant pumpkin), Cucurbita moschata (pumpkin), Daucus carota (wortel, carrot), Erigeron (fleabane), Eupatorium, Gazania, Gladiolus hybrids (sword lily), Glycine, Hordeum(barleys), Ipomoea (morning glory), Lagenaria siceraria (bottle gourd), Linaria (toadflax),Luffa acutangula (angled luffa),Luffa aegyptiaca (loofah), Macrotyloma, Malva (mallow), Medicago, Macrotyloma, Melilotus (melilots), Mollucella, Ocimum, Primula(primrose), Phlox, Physalis

(groundcherry), Ricinus, Ricinuscommunis (castor bean), Sonchus (sowthistle), Taraxacum (dandelion), Tithonia, Tragopogon (goat’s- beard), Tribulus (caltrop), Trigonella, Typha (reedmace), Verbena (vervain), Xanthium (cocklebur)

Indonesia:Maluku (Buru), pallicornis Dallas (=Gyndes

27. Paraeucosmetus

II Oryza sativa (padi, paddy),

batang,

Maluku Utara, Sulawesi, pallicornis =Pachybrachius

Graminae

jerami,

Kalimantan, NTT pallicornis ); Hemiptera:

bulir

Asia: Malaysia, Philippines Rhyparochromidae (sumber: multidisplinary microbial ecology).

Indonesia: Jawa Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae;

28. Paraleyrodes mineiLaccarino;

II Citrus aurantifolia, Citrus

bagian

Asia: China, Iran, Israel, nesting whitefly

aurantium, Citrus limon,

tanaman

Citrus paradisi, Citrus

Lebanon, Syria

reticulata, Persea americana,

America:Belize, Bemuda,

Cocos nucifera (kelapa)

Colombia, Dominican Republic, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Puerto Rico, USA Eropa: Italy, Portugal, Spain, Turkey

Indonesia: Jawa, Nusa (Saund).; (=Depressaria

29. Pectinophora gossypiella

II Abelmoschus moschatus buah, biji,

Tenggara Barat, Nusa gossypiella =Ephestia

(okra, lady’s finger), Abutilon tanah

Tenggara Timur, Sulawesi gossypiella

spp. (Indian mallow),

Africa: Algeria, Angola, Benin, =Gelechiagossypiella

Abutilon indicum (country

mallow), Gossypium,

Burkina Faso, Burundi,

=Gelechiella gossypiella

Cameroon, Central African =Platyedra gossypiella) ;

Gossypium hirsutum (kapas,

Republic, Chad, DR Congo, Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae; pink

cotton), Hibiscus spp.

Ivory Coast, Egypt, Ethiopia, bollworm, pink cotton

(rosemallows),

Ghana, Kenya, Libya, bollworm

Hibiscuscannabinus (kenaf),

Hibiscussabdariffa (jamaica

Madagascar, Malawi, Mali,

sorrel), Malvaceae, Medicago

Mauritius, Morocco,

sativa (alfalfa, lucerne)

Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria,

Althaea (hollyhocks),

Rwanda, Senegal, Seychelles,

Gossypium arboreum (cotton,

Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sudan,

tree), Gossypium herbaceum

Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia,

(short staple cotton),

Uganda, Zimbabwe. America: Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, British Virgin Islands, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guyana, Haiti, Jamaica, Martinique, Mexico, Montserrat, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago, USA, United State Virgin Island, Hawaii, Uruguay, Venezuela. Asia: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, Taiwan, India, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Japan, Jordan, Korea DPR (North Korea),

Republic of Korea (South Korea), Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Pakistan, Philippines, Saudi Arabia, Sri Lanka, Syria, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, Yemen. Europe: Albania, Bulgaria, Bosnia and Herzegovina,Cyprus, Croatia, Greece, Italy, Macedonia, Malta,Montenegro,Romania, Russia, Spain, Serbia, Slovenia Oceania: Australia, Fiji, French Polynesia, New Caledonia, Northern Mariana Islands, Pacific Islands (US), Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Vanuatu.

Indonesia: Jawa Ferraro; Hemiptera:

30. Phenacoccus manihotiMatile-

II Manihot esculenta (ubi kayu, batang,

Africa: Angola, Benin, Pseudococcidae; cassava

cassava)

daun,

Cameroon, Central African, mealybug

Boerhavia diffusa (red

bunga

spiderling), Capsicum spp.

DR Congo,Congo, Ivory Coast,

Citrus, Cyperus (flatsedge),

Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Euphorbia pulcheririma Gambia, Ghana, Guinea-

(pointsettia), Glycine max

Bissau, Guinea, Kenya,

(kedelai, soyabean), Ipomoea

Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi,

batatas (sweet potato),

Mali, Mozambique, Niger,

Manihot glaziovii (ceara

Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal,

rubber), Sida acuta (sida),

Sierra Leone, South Africa,

Solanum (nightshade),

Sudan, Tanzania, Togo,

Solanum lycopersicum Uganda,Zanzibar, Zambia,

(tomat, tomato)

Zimbabwe America: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Guyana, Paraguay Asia: Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam

Indonesia Jawa Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae;

31. Phenacoccus solenopsis;

II Abelmoschus esculentus buah,

Afrika: Benin, Cameroon, cotton mealybug

(okra, lady’s finger), Carica

batang,

papaya (pepaya, papaw)

daun,

Egypt, Ghana, Mali, Nigeria,

Abutilon indicum (country

tanaman

Reunion, Senegal

mallow), Abutilon muticum,

America:Argentina, Belize,

Acacia leucophloea (white-

Brazil, Canada, Caribbean,

barked acacia), Acacia

Cayman Island, Chile,

modesta, Acalypha

Colombia, Cuba, Dominican

wilkesiana, Achillea (milfoil),

Republic, Ecuador,

Achyranthes aspera (devil’s

Guadeloupe, Guatemala,

horsewhip), Aerva javanica,

Jamaica, Martinique, Mexico,

Ageratum conyzoides (billy

Nicaragua, Panama, USA

goat weed), Albizia lebbeck

Asia: Cambodia, China, India,

(indian siris), Althaea

Iran, Japan, Pakistan, Sri

(hollyhocks), Amaranthus

Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand,

flavus, Amaranthus virisis

Turkey, Vietnam

(slender amaranth),

Europe:Cyprus, Netherlands

Ambrosia (ragweed),

Oceania: Australia, New Ambrosia artemisiifolia Caledonia

(common ragweed), Ambrosia confertifolia , Ambrosia dumosa , Ambrosia psilostachya (parennial ragweed), Ambrosia tenuifolia , Anagallis arvensis

(scarlet pimpernel), Aphelandra squarrosa (zebra plant), Artemisia annua, Asclepias (silkweed), Asparagus densiflorus (asparagus fern), Atriplex canescens (Fourwing saltbush), Azadirachta indica (neem tree), Bassia indica, Bauhinia purpurea (purple bauhinia), Bidens pilosa (blackjack), Blumea lacera, Boerhavia repens , Bombax ceiba (silk cotton tree), Bougainvillea glabra , Broussonetia papyrifera (paper mulberry), Calendula officinalis (Pot marigold), Calotropis procera (apple of sodom), Capparis decidua, Capsicum frutescens (cabai rawit, chilies), Cassia fistula (Indian laburnum), Celosia argentea (celosia), Centaurea cyanus (cornflower), Cestrum diurnum , Cestrum nocturnum (night scented cestrum), Cevallia sinuata , Chenopodium album (fat hen), Chenopodium murale (nettleleaf goosefoot), Chrysanthemum morifolium

(chrysanthemum (florists), Cirsium arvense (creeping thistle), Cichorium intybus (chicory), Citrullus colocynthis (colocynth), Citrullus lanatus (semangka, watermelon), Citrus aurantium (jeruk nipis, lime), Citrus sinensis (navel orange), Cleome viscosa (yellow mesambay), Clerodendrum inerme , Coleus blumei (common coleus), Convolvulus arvensis (bindweed), Convolvulus prostratus , Conyza bonariensis (hairy fleabane), Conyza canadensis (Canadian fleabane), Corchorus antichorus , Corchorus trilocularis , Cressa cretica , Croton sparciflorum, Cucumis tetragona , Cucurbita (pumpkin), Cucurbita moschata (pumpkin), Cuscuta reflexa (dodder), Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (guar), Cynodon dactylon (Bermuda grass), Cyperus rotundus (purple nutsedge), Dalbergia sissoo , Datura metel (Hindu

datura), Daucus carota (wortel, carrot), Digera muricata Duranta erecta (Pigeonberry), Echinochloa colona (junglerice), Elettaria cardamomum (cardamom), Eleusine indica (goose grass), Emilia sonchifolia (red tasselflower), Encelia farinosa , Enceliopsis, Eragrostis minor , Eriophyllum, Eucalyptus camaldulensis (red gum), Euphorbia (spurges), Euphorbia cotinifolia , Euphorbia hirta (garden spurge), Euphorbia prostrata, Euphorbia trigona , Fagonia cretica ,Ficus benghalensis (banyan), Ficus carica (fig), Ficus virens (grey fig), Franseria, Gardenia jasminoides (cape jasmine), Gossypium (cotton), Gossypium arboreum (cotton tree),Gossypium hirsutum (kapas, cotton), Grewia asiatica (phalsa), Hamelia patens , Helianthus (sunflower), Helianthus annuus (bunga matahari, sunflower), Hibiscus

(rosemallows), Hibiscus rosa- sinensis , Heliotropium europaeum (common heliotrope), Heliotropium strigosum ,Herissantia crispa, Hibiscus mutabilis (cottonrose), Hibiscus rosa- sinensis (China-rose), Ipomoea batatas (ubi jalar, sweet potato), Ipomoea cairica (five-fingered morningglory), Jacquemontia pentantha , Jasminum cuspidatum , Jasminum sambac (arabian jasmine),Jatropha integerrima, Kallstroemia brachystylis, Lagenaria siceraria (bottle gourd),Lagerstroemia indica (indian crape myrtle), Lantana camara (lantana), Launia nudicaulis, Lawsonia inermis (Egyptian privet), Lepidium didymum,Luffa aegyptiaca (loofah), Lupinus spp., Lycium chinense (chinese wolfberry), Malva parviflora , Malvastrum coromandelianum , Malvaviscus arboreus (wax mallow), Mangifera indica

(mangga, mango), Mentha longifolia , Mentha piperita (Peppermint), Morus alba (murbei, mullberry),Medicago polymorpha (rough medick), Melaleuca quinquenervia (paperbark tree),Melia azedarach (Chinaberry), Melilotus indica (Indian

sweetclover), Momordica charantia (bitter gourd),Morus alba (mora), Nerium oleander (oleander), Nicotiana plumbaginifolia , Nicotiana tabacum (tembakau, tobacco), Ocimumbasilicum (basil), Orobanche (broomrape), Oxalis corniculata (creep ing woodsorrel (USA)), Panax, Parthenium, Partheniumhysteroph orus (parthenium weed), Persicaria glabra, Phoenix dactylifera (kurma, date- palm), Punica granatum (delima, pomegranate), Phyllanthus niruri (seed- under-the-leaf),Physalis (Groundcherry), Physalis alkekengi, Piper betle (betel

pepper),Plumeria rubra var. acutifolia (Mexican frangipani), Polyalthea longifolia, Polygonumbarbatum (knot grass), Portulacagrandiflora (rose moss),Portulaca oleracea (purslane), Quisqualis indica, Ricinus communis (castor bean), Rosa chinensis (China rose), Ruellia squarrosa ,Rumex dentatus, Salsola baryosma , Salvadora oleoides , Salvia officinalis (commonsage), Sesamum indicum (wijen, sesame), Simmondsia chinensis (jojoba), Solanum spp., Sesbania sesban (sesban), Setcreasea pallida , Sida rhombifolia , Sida urens, Simmondsia chinensis (jojoba),Solanum elaeagnifolium (silverleaf nightshade), Solanum lycopersicum (tomato), Solanum melongena (terung, aubergine, eggplant), Solanum muricatum (melon pear),Solanum nigrum (leunca, black nightshade),

Solanum spp., Solanum tuberosum (kentang, potato), Solanum virginianum , Sonchus oleraceus (common sowthistle),Spermacoce, Suaeda (sea blite), Suaeda nigra , Synsepalum dulcificum , TabernaeMontanadivaricata , Tagetes erecta (African marigold), Taraxacum officinale complex (dandelion), Tecoma stans (yellow bells),Tinospora cordifolia ,Trianthema portulacastrum (horse purslane), Trianthema triquetra , Tribulus terrestris (puncture vine), Trigonella polycerata , Urena lobata (caesar weed), Verbena officinalis , Withania somnifera (poisonous gooseberry), Xanthium strumarium (common cocklebur), Zea mays (jagung, corn), Ziziphus mauritiana (jujube)

Indonesia: Sumatera castaneae Hubner;(=Phragmata

32. Phragmataecia

II Saccharum officinarum (tebu, batang,

sugarcane), Saccharum

daun

Asia: China, Malaysia.

Europe: Bulgaria,Finland, Lepidoptera: Cossidae; giant

ecia castaneae); spontaneum (glagah, wild

sugarcane)

Italy, Russian Italy, Russian

Paspalum, Saccharum robustum, Sorghum propineum

Indonesia: Sumatera Swinhoe.; (=Phragmataecia

33. Phragmataecia gummata

II Saccharum officinarum (tebu, batang,

Asia: Malaysia parvipunctus) ; Lepidoptera:

sugarcane), Saccharum

daun

spontaneum (glagah, wild

Cossidae; giant stem borer

sugarcane)

Indonesia: Kalimantan, (=Pineus pini sensu lato=

34. Pineus boerneri (Annand;

II Pinus canariensis (Canary

batang,

Sumatera, Jawa Anisophleba pini=

pine), Pinus caribaea

kayu

Africa: Ethiopia, Kenya, Aphis pini =Kermaphis pini var.

(Caribbean pine),Pinus

Malawi, Morocco, South laevis =Kermes pini =Pineus

contorta (lodgepole pine),

Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, havrylenkoi =

Pinus elliottii (slash pine),

Zambia, Zimbabwe Pineus laevis =Pineus pini =

Pinus halepensis (Aleppo

America: Argentina, USA Pineus simmondsi =Pineus

pine),Pinus hartwegii

(Hawaii), Chile sylvestris ); Hemiptera;

(Hartweg pine),Pinus kesiya

Asia: China, Geogia (Republic Adelgidae; pine woolly aphid

(khasya pine), Pinus

massoniana (masson pine),

of), Israel, Jordan,

Pinus maximinoi (thin-leaf

Kyrgyzstan, Lebanon,

pine), Pinus montezumae

Malaysia, Pakistan, Taiwan,

(montezuma pine), Pinus

Turkey

mugo (mountain pine), Pinus

Europe: Czech Republic,

muricata (bishop pine), Pinus

Finland, France, Germany,

oocarpa (ocote pine), Pinus

Ireland, Italy, Lithuania,

patula (Mexican weeping

Netherlands, Poland, Spain,

pine), Pinus pinaster

Slovakia Republic, Sweden,

(maritime pine), Pinus pinea

UK

(stone pine), Pinus radiata

Oceania: Australia, New

(radiata pine),Pinus resinosa

Zealand

(red pine), Pinus sylvestris (Scots pine),Pinus taiwanensis (Taiwan pine), Pinus teocote (twisted leaf

pine),Pinus thunbergii (Japanese black pine), Pinus densiflora,Pinus merkusii , Pinus pungens , Pinus roxburghii. Pinus arizonica , Pinus canariensis , Pinus caribaea, Pinus clausa , Pinus cooperi, Pinus douglasiana , Pinus durangensis , Pinus echinata, Pinus engelmannii , Pinus glabra , Pinus greggii, Pinus hartwegii , Pinus lawsonii,Pinus leiophylla , Pinus maximinoi , Pinus michoacana , Pinus montezumae , Pinus occidentalis , Pinus palustris, Pinus patula , Pinus pinea, Pinus pseudostrobus , Pinus radiata , Pinus rigida, Pinus serotina , Pinus sylvestris, Pinus taeda , Pinus taiwanensis , Pinus teocote, Pinus virginiana (scrub pine)

Indonesia: Jawa, Kalimantan, (=Dactylopius coffeae

35. Planococcus deceptorBetn.;

II Annona muricata (sirsak,

batang,

soursop), Bauhinia(camel’s

daun, akar, Lampung

buah segar, Africa: Comoros, Kenya, =Planococcus crotonis = P.

=Dactylopius crotonis

foot), Coffea spp. (kopi,

Madagascar, Mauritius, lilacinus =P. tayabanus

coffee ), Coffea arabica (kopi tanaman

Reunion, Seychelles. =Pseudococcus coffeae =P.

arabika, arabica coffee),

America: Dominican Republic, crotonis =P. deceptor =P.

Coffea canephora (kopi

robusta, robusta coffee),

El Salvador, Guyana, Haiti.

lilacinus Cork =P. tayabanus

Asia: Bangladesh, Brunei =Tylococcus mauritiensis ) ;

Ceiba pentandra (kapok

Darussalam, Cambodia, Hemiptera: Pseudo coccidae;

randu, kapok), Citrus spp.

China, Cocos Islands, India, cacao mealybug, coffee

(jeruk, orange), Psidium

Japan, Laos, Malaysia, mealybug

guajava (jambu biji, guava),

Theobroma cacao (kakao,

Maldives, Myanmar,

cocoa)

Philippines, Sri Lanka,

Annona squamosa (srikaya,

Taiwan,Thailand, Vietnam,

sweetsop), Bambusa vulgaris

Yemen.

(common bamboo), Brassica

Oceania: Federated States of

oleracea var. botrytis

Micronesia, Guam, Northern

(cauliflower), Cocos nucifera

Mariana Islands, Papua New

(kelapa, coconut), Dioscorea

Guinea.

sp. (gembili, yam), Mangifera indica (mangga, mango), Punica granatum (delima, pomegranate), Tamarindus indica (asam jawa, tamarind), Vitis (grape)

Indonesia: Jawa. Desneux; (=Calotermes

36. Postelectrotermes militaris

II Camellia sinensis (teh, tea)

batang,

Asia: Sri Lanka. militaris = Neotermes militaris

Acacia decurrens (green

akar

wattle), Casuarina

=Termes militaris); Isoptera:

equisetifolia (casuarina),

Kalotermidae; dry wood

Cedrus (cedars),

termite

Cinnamomum camphora (kamfer, camphor), Cryptomeria japonica (japanese cedar), Erythrina subumbrans (december tree), Eucalyptus spp., Eucalyptus robusta (swamp mahogany), Grevillea robusta (silky oak),

Stenocarpus salignus (beefwod), Tephrosia vogelii (vogel’s tephrosia),

Indonesia: Maluku,Papua, (=Calandra obscura

37. Rhabdoscelus obscurus Bolsd.;

II Saccharum officinarum (tebu, batang

Sulawesi, Nusa Tenggara =Rhabdocnemis fausti=R.

sugarcane)

Areca catechu (pinang,

Barat.

interruptocostatus=R.

America: USA (Hawaii). maculata=R. nudicollis=R.

betelnut palm), Arecaceae

Asia: China, Christmas Island obscura=R. promissus=R.

(plants of the palm family),

(Indian Ocean), Japan, maculatus=Rhabdoscelis

Cocos nucifera (kelapa,

Malaysia,Sri Lanka, Taiwan obscura =Sphenophorus

coconut), Carica papaya

Oceania: American Samoa, beccarii=S. insularis=S.

(pepaya, pawpaw, papaya),

Australia, Cook Islands, interruptecostatus =S.

Metroxylon sagu (sagu, sago

Federated States of nudicollis=S. promissus=S.

palm), Musa spp. (pisang,

Micronesia (Caroline Islands), sulcipes=S. tincturatus=S.

banana), Musa x paradisiaca

Fiji, French Polynesia, Palau, obscurus) ; Coleoptera:

(pisang kepok, plantain),

Guam, Marshall Islands, Dryophthoridae; beetle borer,

Poacecae (grasses), Strelitzia

Nauru, New Caledonia, Niue, cane weevil borer, New Guinea

reginae (Queens bird-of-

Northern Mariana Islands, cane weevil borer, sugarcane

paradise), Zea mays (jagung,

Papua New Guinea, Samoa, weevil borer, New Guinea

corn)

Solomon Islands, Tonga, sugarcane weevil, Hawaiian

Vanuatu.

sugarcane borer, cane weevil borer, New Guinea sugarcane weevil

Indonesia: Papua, Maluku. Lepidoptera: Noctuidae;

38. Sesamia grisescensWarren.;

II Saccharum officinarum (tebu, batang

Oceania: Papua New Guinea. sesamia borer, pink sugarcane

sugarcane), Oryza sativa

(padi, paddy ), Zea mays

borer

(jagung, corn) Megathyrsus maximus (Guinea grass), Pennisetum purpureum (elephant grass),

Saccharum edule , Saccharum robustum , Saccharum spontaneum (wild sugarcane)

Indonesia: Sulawesi, Kep. Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae;

39. Sexava coriaceaLinn.;

II Cocos nucifera (kelapa,

buah,

Sangihe, Talaud, Kep. belalang sexava, sexava

coconut)

tanaman,

Banggai, Maluku, Maluku grasshopper

Orchidaceae (anggrek,

daun,

orchids), Asplenium nidus

rimpang,

Utara, Papua

(kadaka, bird’s nest fern),

sabut,

Salacca edulis (salak, snake- tanah. skin palm), Metroxylon sagu (sagu, sago palm), Arenga pinnata (aren, sugar palm), Areca catechu (pinang, betelnut palm), Musa spp. (pisang, banana), Pandanus spp. (pandan), Zingiber officinale (jahe, ginger)

Indonesia: Sulawesi (Tengah: Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae;

40. Sexava karnyi Lfs.;

II Cocos nucifera (kelapa,

tanaman,

Kepulauan Togean & Una- belalang sexava,sexava

coconut)

buah,

Orchidaceae (anggrek,

orchids), Asplenium nidus

rimpang,

(kadaka, bird’s nest fern),

sabut,

Salacca edulis (salak, snake- tanah skin palm), Metroxylon sagu (sagu, sago palm), Arenga pinnata (aren, sugar palm), Areca catechu (pinang, betelnut palm), Musa spp. (pisang, banana), Pandanus spp. (pandan), Zingiber officinale (jahe, ginger)

Indonesia: Sulawesi (Utara), Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae;

41. Sexava nubila Stal.;

II Cocos nucifera (kelapa,

tanaman,

Kepulauan Sangihe dan belalang sexava, sexava grass

coconut)

buah,

Talaud, Maluku (Seram, hopper, coconut treehopper

Orchidaceae (anggrek,

daun,

orchids), Asplenium nidus

rimpang,

Buru), Papua,, Biak, Papua

(kadaka, bird’s nest fern),

sabut,

Oceania: Papua New Guinea.

Salacca edulis (salak, snake- tanah skin palm), Metroxylon sagu

(sagu, sago palm), Arenga pinnata (aren, sugar palm), Areca catechu (pinang, betelnut palm), Musa spp. (pisang, banana), Pandanus spp. (pandan), Zingiber officinale (jahe, ginger)

Indonesia: Sulawesi, Papua, Thosea moluccana );

42. Thosea monolancha Meyrick (=

II Cocos nucifera (kelapa,

bagian

Sumatera, Maluku, Maluku Lepidoptera: Limacodidae

coconut), Elaeis guineensis

tanaman

(kelapa sawit, oil palm)

Utara Asia: Philippines Oceania: Papua New Guinea