Lampiran Permentan No 51 Tahun 2015

JENIS ORGANISME PENGGANGGU TUMBUHAN KARANTINA

A. JENIS-JENIS ORGANISME PENGGANGGU TUMBUHAN KARANTINA (KATEGORI A1)

I. SERANGGA (INSECTS) NAMA ILMIAH/ SINONIM/ KLASIFIKASI/ NAMA

DAERAH SEBAR/ UMUM/

GEOGRAPHICAL SCIENTIFIC NAME/

PEMBAWA/

N/ GROUP

PATHWAY DISTRIBUTION SYNONIM/ TAXON/

HOST

COMMON NAME

1. Acraea acerata Hew.;

II Convolvulus arvensis, Ipomoea daun, batang Africa:Angola, Benin, Lepidoptera:Nymphalidae;

Botswana, Burundi, sweet potato butterfly

aquatica , Ipomoea triloba,

Merremiae bracteata,

Cameroon, Congo, DR Congo,

Merremia pacifica,Merremia

Ethiopia, Ghana, Guinea,

peltata, Merremia umbellata,

Kenya, Ivory Coast, Liberia,

Ipomoea batatas (ubi jalar,

Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria,

sweet potato)

Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo. Uganda, Zambia

2. Acrocinus longimanus

America: Barbados, Honduras, Linnaeus; Coleoptera:

II Artocarpus, Artocarpus

batang,

Guyana, Trinidad,Costa Rica, Cerambycidae; Herlequin

integra, Moraceae,

cabang,

Broussonetia kazinoki, Ficus

ranting

Mexico, Brazil

beetle, jack-tree borer

elastica

3. Aetherastis

II Hevea brasiliensis (karet,

batang,

Asia: India

circulata Meyrick;

rubber tree)

daun, bibit

Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae; bark feeding caterpillar

4. Agrilus mali Matsumura;

Asia: China, Korea DPR (North Coleoptera: Buprestidae;

II Malus domestica ( apel, apple) tunas,

batang, bibit, Korea), Republic of Korea apple borer, apple

rhizome

(South Korea)

buprestid Europe: Russia

5. Agrilus

batang, kayu America: USA, Canada planipennis Fairmaire;Coleo

II Fraxinus americana, F.

Asia: China, Japan, Korea DPR ptera: Buprestidae;Emerald

mandshurica, F. nigra,

(North Korea), Republic of Ash Borer

F. chinensis, F. pensylvania,

Juglans mandshurica F.

Korea (South Korea), Taiwan

japonica, F.

Europe: Russia, Russian far

lanuginosa,Fraxinus

east)

rhynchophylla, Pterocarya rhoifolia, Ulmus davidiana,Ulmus propinqua

6. Alcidodes dentipes (Olivier);

batang, bibit Africa: Angola, Benin, (=Alcides dentipes Olivier);

II Ipomoea batatas (ubi jalar,

Botswana, Burundi, Coleoptera: Curculionidae;

sweet potato)

Cameroon, Central Africa striped sweet potato weevil

Gossypium barbadens (kapas,

cotton), Arachys hypogaea

Republic, Ethiopia, Ghana,

(kacang tanah, peanut),

Gambia, Gabon, Guinea,

Phaseolus vulgaris (buncis,

Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast,

common bean)Vigna spp.

Kenya, Liberia, Mali,

(buncis, cowpea)

Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Malawi, Nigeria, Sahara, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, DR Congo, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

7. Alsophila pometaria (Harris)

America: Canada, USA (=Anisopterix pometaria

II Malus domestica ( apel, apple), batang,

Pelargonium, Ulmus sp. (elm), daun, bunga,

=Anisopteryx pometaria );

Pyrus communis (pir, pear),

buah

Lepidoptera: Geometridae;

other stone fruit, Oak, Rose,

fall cankerworm

Walnut

Asia: Singapore, India, China; (=Amblypelta

8. Amblypelta cocophaga II Carica papaya (pepaya,

tunas,

Philippines, Malaysia cocophaga cocophaga

pawpaw, papaya), Ceiba

batang,

daun, bunga, Oceania: Fiji, Papua New =A.cocophagamalaitensis

petandra (kapuk randu,

Guinea, Solomon Islands =Dasynus sp.); Hemiptera:

kapok), Cocos nucifera

buah

(kelapa, coconut), Eucalyptus

Coreidae; coconut bug

deglupta , Mangifera indica (mangga, mango), Cucumis melo (melon), Citrus sinensis (navel orange) Citrus spp. (jeruk, orange), Manihot esculenta (ubi kayu, cassava), Passiflora quadrangularis (markisah, passion fruit, granadilla), Prunus persica (persik, peach), Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (kecipir, winged bean), Saccharum officinarum (tebu, sugarcane), Theobroma cacao (kakao, cocoa), Delonix regia (flamboyant), Macaranga spp.

9. Anastrepha

buah, media America: Argentina, Belize, fraterculus (Wiedemann);

II Annona cherimola

Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa (=Acrotoxa fraterculus

(cherimoya), Psidium guajava tanam,

Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, =Anastrepha braziliensis

(jambu biji, guava)

tanah

Guatemala, Guyana, =Anastrepha costarukmanii

Annona spp, Actinidia

Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, =Anastrepha fraterculus

chinensis (Chinese

Panama, Paraguay, Peru, var. soluta =Anastrepha

gooseberry), Actinidia

Suriname, Trinidad and lambayecae =Anastrepha

deliciosa (kiwi, kiwifruit),

Tobago, USA, Uruguay, pseudofraterculus

Ampelocera hottlei,Annona

muricata (soursop), Annona

Venezuela.

=Anastrepha scholae

squamosa (srikaya, sweetsop),

=Anthomyia frutalis =Dacus

Averrhoa carambola

fraterculus =Tephritis

(belimbing, carambola, star- (belimbing, carambola, star-

fruit), Campomanesia

=Trypeta unicolor

xanthocarpa, Chrysophyllum

=Anastrepha

gonocarpum, Citrus

peruviana=A.soluta) ;

spp.(jeruk, orange), Eriobotrya

Diptera: Tephritidae; South

japonica (loquat), Eugina

American fruitfly

dombeyi (brazil cherry), Euginia uniflora (Surinam cherry), Eugenia spp., Feijoa sellowiana (horn of plenty), Fortunella japonica (round kumquat) Prunus spp., Prunus persica (persik, peach), Psidium cattleianum (strawberry guava), Spondias tuberosa, Syzygium jambos (rose apple), Syzygium spp., Ziziphus joazeiro, Carica papaya, (pepaya, papaya, papaw), Citrus aurantium (sour orange), Citrus limetta (sweet lemon), Citrus maxima (pummelo), Citrus reticulata (mandarin), Citrus sinensis (navel orange),Coffea Arabica (kopi arabika, Arabica coffee), Coffea liberica (Liberian coffee tree),Cydonia oblonga (quince), Diospyros kaki (kesemek, persimmon), Diospyros malabarica, Euginia stipitata, Ficus carica ( ara, fig), Fortunella japonica (kumquat),

Fragaria vesca (arbei, strawberry), Inga edulis, Inga marginata, Juglans australis, Juglans neotropica (Andean walnut), Juglans regia (walnut), Achras (= Manilkara) zapota (sawo, sapodilla), Malus sp., Malus domestica ( apel, apple), Mangifera indica (mangga, mango), Persea americana (avokad, avocado), Prunus americana (apricot), Prunus dulcis ( almond), Psidium longipes , Punica granatum (delima, pomegranate), Pyrus communis ( pir, pear), Pouteria obovata , Rubus glaucus, Solanum quitoense , Spondias dulcis (otaheite apple), Spondias mobin (hog plum), Spondias purpurea (red mombin), Spondias cytherea, Syzygium malaccense (jambu bol, malay-apple), Terminalia catappa (ketapang, Indian almon d), Theobroma cacao (kakao, cocoa), Vitis vinifera (anggur, grapevine), Malus domestica (apel, apple), Syzygium aquea (jambu air, star apple), Zuelania Guidonia

10. Anastrepha ludens (Loew);

buah, media America: Belize, Costa Rica, El (=Acrotoxa ludens Loew

II Citrus spp.(jeruk, orange),

Salvador, Guatemala, =Anastrepha lathana Stone

Citrus aurantium (sour

tanam,

Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, =Trypeta ludens Loew);

orange), Citrus maxima

tanah

(pummelo), Citrus sinensis

Panama

Diptera: Tephritidae;

(navel orange), Citrus x

Mexican fruit fly

paradisi (grapefruit), Mangifera indica (mangga, mango), Prunus persica (persik, peach) Anacardium occidentale (jambu mete, cashew-nut), Annona cherimola (cherimoya), Annona liebmanniana, Annona muricata (sirsak, soursop), Annona reticulata (buah nona, srikaya, Annona squamosa (srikaya, sweetsop), bullock’s heart, custard apple), Carica papaya (pepaya, pawpaw, papaya), Casimiroa edulis (white sapote), Citrus spp, Citrus aurantifolia (lime), Citrus limetta (sweet lemon tree), Citrus medica (citron), Citrus reticulata (mandarin), Citrus reticulata x paradisi (tangelo), Coffea arabica (kopi arabika, arabicacoffee), Cydonia oblonga (quince), Diospyros kaki (kesemek, persimmon), Feijoa paradisi (grapefruit), Mangifera indica (mangga, mango), Prunus persica (persik, peach) Anacardium occidentale (jambu mete, cashew-nut), Annona cherimola (cherimoya), Annona liebmanniana, Annona muricata (sirsak, soursop), Annona reticulata (buah nona, srikaya, Annona squamosa (srikaya, sweetsop), bullock’s heart, custard apple), Carica papaya (pepaya, pawpaw, papaya), Casimiroa edulis (white sapote), Citrus spp, Citrus aurantifolia (lime), Citrus limetta (sweet lemon tree), Citrus medica (citron), Citrus reticulata (mandarin), Citrus reticulata x paradisi (tangelo), Coffea arabica (kopi arabika, arabicacoffee), Cydonia oblonga (quince), Diospyros kaki (kesemek, persimmon), Feijoa

11. Anastrepha obliqua Macq;

buah, media America: Antigua and (=Acrotoxa obliqua

II Mangifera indica (mangga,

Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, =Anastrepha fraterculus

mango), Anacardium

tanam,

Barbados, Belize, Brazil, var. ligata =A.fraterculus

occidentale (jambu mete,

tanah

British Virgin Islands, var. mombinpraeoptans

cashew-nut), Spondias

Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, SeÃn

cytherea , Spondiasmombin,

Dominica, Ecuador, El =A. mombinpraeoptans SeÃ-

Spondias purpurea, Spondias

Salvador, Grenada, n =Tephritis obliqua =A.

spp.

Guadeloupe, Guatemala, acudisa =A. trinidadensis

Anacardium occidentale,

Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, =Trypeta obliqua ); Diptera:

Annona hayesii , Brosimum

Jamaica, Martinique, Mexico, Tephritidae; West Indian

alicastrum , Citrus limetta,

Montserrat, Nicaragua, fruit fly, Antillean fruit fly

Coffea spp. (kopi, coffee),

Eriobotrya japonica (loquat),

Panama, Paraguay, Peru,

Euginia jambos (jambos),

Puerto Rico, St. Kitts & Nevis,

Euginia malaccensis

St. Lucia, St. Vincent and the

(pomerack), Euginia nesiotica,

Grenadines, Suriname,

Malpighia glabra , Achras (=

Trinidad and Tobago, United

Manilkara) zapota (sawo,

States Virgin Islands,

sapodilla), Passiflora

Venezuela.

quadrangularis (markisah, passion fruit, granadilla), Prunus dulcis ( almond), Prunus amygdalus (bitter almond), Prunus domesticum (plum), Psidium longipes, Pyrus communis ( pear), Averrhoa carambola (belimbing, carambola, star-fruit), Pouteria viridis , Citrus spp, Diospyros digyna (black sapote), Dovyalis hebecarpa (kitambilla), Pouteria sapota, Pouteria mammosa, Psidium guajava (jambu biji, guava), Syzygium aquea (jambu air, star apple), Syzygium malaccense (jambu bol, malay-apple).

12. Anastrepha

II Capparis angulata, Citrus buah, media America: Belize, Brazil, serpentina Wiedemann;

Colombia, Costa Rica, (=Dacus serpentinus

spp.(jeruk, orange),

tanam

Ecuador, French Guiana, Wiedemann =Leptoxys

Chrysophyllum cainito , Achras (tanah)

Guatemala, Guyana, serpentina Wiedemann

(= Manilkara) zapota (sawo,

Honduras, Mexico, Antilles =Acrotoxa serpentinus

sapodilla), Pouteria caimito,

Netherlands, Panama, Peru, Wiedemann =Trypeta

Pouteria campechiana

Suriname, Trinidad and serpentina Wiedemann

(canistel), Pouteria sapota

Tobago, USA, Venezuela =Urophora vittithorax

(mammey sapote)

Alchornea latifolia, Annona

Wiedemann); Diptera:

cherimola, Annona glabra,

Tephritidae; sapote fruit fly,

Annona spp, Bumelia

sapodilla fruit fly, black

sebolana, Brysonima

fruit fly, dark fruit fly

crassifolia, Chrysophyllum argenteum, Chrysophyllum mexicanum, Citrus aurantium, Citrus maxima, Citrus reticulata, Citrus sinensis, Citrus x paradisi, Cydonia oblonga (kwinsi, quince), Diospyros ebenaster, Dovyalis hebecarpa, Eriobotrya japonica (lokwat, loquat), Ficus spp.(ara, fig), Lacmellea panamensis, Malus domestica ( apel, apple), Mangifera indica (mangga, mango), Manilkara spp., Persea americana (avokad, avocado), Pouteria viridis , Mammea americana,Pouteria campechiana, Pouteria caimito, Pouteria obovata, Pouteria sapota, Sideroxylon capiri, Sideroxylon palmeri, Spondias mombin, Spondias purpurea, Malus domesticaPrunus cerrasus (ceri, cherry), Prunus persica (persik, peach), Psidium guajava (jambu biji, guava), Pyrus communis ( pir, pear), Spondias spp.

13. Anastrepha suspensa Loew;

II Eriobotrya japonica, (loquat), buah, media America: Bahamas, British (=Anastrepha unipuncta

Virgin Islands, Cuba, Sein =Anastrepha

Euginia dombeyi (brazil

tanam

Dominican Republic, French longimacula Greene

cherry), Euginia uniflora

(tanah)

Guiana, Haiti, Jamaica, Puerto =Trypeta suspensa Loew);

(surinam cherry), Eugenia

Rico, USA, Virgin Islands Diptera: Tephritidae;

spp., Psidium guajava (jambu

biji, guava), Psidium

Carribean fruit fly

cattleianum, Syzygium spp., Annona spp., Fortunella margarita , Achras (= Manilkara) zapota (sawo, sapodilla), Syzygium aquea (jambu air, star apple), Terminalia catappa (ketapang, Indian almond) Annona squamosa (srikaya, sweetsop), Annona glabra, Averrhoa carambola (belimbing, star- fruit), Blighia sapida (akee apple), Canella winterana, Chrysobalanus icaco , Carica papaya (pepaya, pawpaw, papaya), Citrofortunella mitis, Citrus spp, Clausena lansium, Coccoloba uvifera , Capsicum annuum (paprika, bell- pepper), Casimiroa edulis, Chrysophyllum cainito, Chrysophyllum oliviforme, Clausena lansium, Coccoloba uvifera, Diospyros kaki (kesemek, persimmon),

Diospyros blancoi , Diospyros virginiana,Dovyalis caffra , Ficus carica (ara, fig), Flacourtia indica, Fortunella margarita (oval kumquat), Fortunella x crassifolia , Garcinia aristata, Garcinia mangostana (manggis, mangosteen), Garcinia livingstonei, Solanumlycopersicum (tomat, tomato), Malus domestica ( apel, apple), Malpighia glabra, Momordica balsamina , Prunus cerrasus (ceri, cherry), Mangifera indica (mangga, mango), Momordica charantia (paria, bitter gourd), Murraya spp. (kemuning, mock orange), Persea americana (avokad, avocado), Phoenix dactylifera (kurma, dates- palm), Pimenta dioica, Prunus persica (persik, peach), Psidium longipes , Punica granatum (delima, pomegranate), Pyrus communis ( pear), Pouteria campechiana , Psidium guineense , Spondias spp., Spondias mombin , Synsepalum dulcificum .

Spondias cytherea , Syzygium cumini (jamblang, java plum)), Syzygium samarangense (jambu Semarang, java apple), Terminalia catappa, Terminalia muelleri, Triphasia sp.,

14. Ancistrotermes latinotus

batang, kayu Africa: Malawi, Tanzania, Holmgren; Isoptera:

II Eucalyptus tereticomis

Zimbabwe, Congo Termitidae; Termit

15. Ancita crocogaster

batang, kayu Oceania: Australia Boisduval; Coleoptera: Cerambycidae; Grey longicorne beetle

II Acacia spp.

batang, kayu Oceania: Australia marginicollis Boisduval; Coleoptera: Cerambycidae; Hitechiked longicorn

16. Ancita

II Acacia spp.

17. Anobium punctatum

II Dacrycarpus

batang,

Africa: all

DeGeer; Coleoptera:

dacrydioides (kahikatea), Dacr ranting,

America: USA

Anobiidae;Common

ydium cupressinum (rimu),

kayu,

Asia: China

furniture beetle, woodworm

Pinus radiata (radiata

furniture

Europe: all

pine), Pseudotsuga

Oceania:Australia, New

menziesii (Douglas fir), Thuja

Zealand

plicata (western red cedar)

batang, kayu America: USA, Canada Motschulsky; Coleptera:

18. Anoplophora glabripennis

II Acer negundo, Aesculus

hippocastanum, Populus spp., Asia: China, Japan, Korea DPR Cerambycidae; Asian

(North Korea), Korea Republic Longhorn beetle, starry sky

Robinia pseudoacacia, Salix

spp., Salix babylonica, Salix

(South Korea)

beetle

matsunada, Ulmus pumila,

Europe: France, Germany,

Ulmus laeuig, Italy, Poland, England,

Eucalyptus diversicolor, Acer

Switzerland, UK

buergerianum, Acer davidii,

Oceania: Australia

Acer grosseri, Acer palmatum, Acer pseudoplatanus, Acer rubrum, Acer robustrum, Acer saccharum, Acer saccharinum, Acer truncatum, Alnus sp., Betula platyphylla, Elaegnus angustifolia, Fraxinus sp., Hippophae rhamnoides, Liriodendron tulifera, Malus sylvestris, Morus alba, Platanus orientalis, Sophora sp.,Tilia tuan,

Africa: Kenya, Tanzania, Pelley; Hemiptera:

19. Antestiopsis facetoides Le

II Coffea spp. (kopi, coffee)

Pentatomidae; cherry and

daun, bunga,

flower feeder

buah

Africa: Benin, Cameroon, & Carayon; Hemiptera:

20. Antestiopsis intricata Ghesq

II Coffea spp. (kopi, coffee)

tunas,

Central Africa, Ethiopia, Pentatomidae; antestia bug

batang,

daun, bunga, Gabon, Ghana, Ivory Coast, buah

Kenya, Nigeria, Sudan, Togo, Uganda

21. Antestiopsis orbitalis

Africa: Angola, Burundi, Westwood; (=Antestia

II Coffea arabica (kopi arabika, tunas,

Congo, Ethiopia, Kenya, lineaticolli =A.orbitalis

arabica coffee)

batang,

daun, bunga, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, facetus =Antestiopsis

Coffea spp. (kopi, coffee)

Rwanda, South Africa, lineaticollis =A. orbitalis

buah

Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, bechuana =A. orbitalis

Zimbabwe

ghesquieri =A. orbitalis orbItalys) ; Hemiptera: Pentatomidae; antestia

22. Anthonomus

II Gossypium barbadens bibit, bunga, Africa: Benin, South Africa grandis Boheman;

America: Argentina, Belize, (=Anthonomus thurberiae

(kapas, cotton), Gossypium

buah

hirsutum Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Pierce (1913); Coleoptera:

Cuba, Dominica, El Salvador, Curculionidae; Mexican

Hibiscus syriacus, Hampea

Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, cotton boll weevil, boll

nutricia, Opuntia lindheimeri,

Martinique, Mexico, Nicaragua, weevil, cotton boll weevil,

Prosopis, glandulosa,

Thespesia populnea Paraguay, St. Kitts & Nevis, Thurberia weevil

USA, Venezuela

23. Anthonomus signatus Say;

buah, bunga, America: Canada, USA (=Anthonomus bisignatus

II Fragaria ananassa

(strawberry), Rubus idaeus

media tanam

=Anthonomus pallidus

Potentilla, Rubus sp.

=Anthonomus scutellatus) ;

(blackberry), Rubus caesius,

Coleoptera: Curculionidae;

Rubus fruticosus,Morus spp.

strawberry bud weevil,

(murbei, mulberry),

strawberry clipper

(raspberry)

24. Anthonomus vestitus II Gossypium barbadens bibit, buah, America: Ecuador, Peru Boheman; Coleoptera:

(kapas, cotton)

bunga, stek

Curculionidae; Peruvian

Abutilon (Indian mallow),

boll weevil, Peruvian cotton

Alcea rosea, Althaea

weevil, Peruvian boll weevil,

(hollyhocks), Hibiscus

Peruvian square weevil,

(rosemallows), Hibiscus rosa-

Peruvian cotton square

sinensis, Thespesia

weevil

Africa: Angola, Cape Verde, CockereII; (=Coccomytilus

25. Aonidomytilus albus II Citrus spp.(jeruk, orange),

tunas,

Manihot esculenta (ubi kayu, batang, daun Congo Democratic Republic, dispar=Lepidosaphes alba

Gambia, Ghana, Guinea- =L.dispar , Mytilaspis albus,

cassava)

Bissau, Ivory Coast, Kenya, M.dispar ); Hemiptera:

Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Diaspididae; cassava scale,

Mauritius, Mozambique, white mussel scale, cassava

Nigeria, Senegal, Somalia, stem mussel scale, tapioca

Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia. scale

America: Antigua and

Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, British Virgin Islands, Brazil, Colombia, Cuba, Dominica, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guyana France, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Martinique, Mexico, Montserrat, Puerto Rico, Peru, St. Kitts & Nevis, St. Lucia, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, USA, Virgin Islands Asia: Bahrain, China, India, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand

26. Apate monachus Fabricius;

batang, kayu Africa: Algeria, Brazil, (=Apate monacha

II Azadirachta indica (nimba,

Cameroon, Congo, Côte =A.carmelita =A.francisca

neem tree), Cajanus cajan

d’Ivoire, Cuba, Dominican =A.gibba =A.mendica

(kacang gude, pigeon

Republic, Egypt, Erythrea, =A.monachus var.

pea),Casuarina equisetifolia,

Ethiopia, Guadeloupe, Ghana, rufiventris =A.semicostata

Citrus sinensis, Coffea arabica

Guinea, Ivory Coast, Jamaica, =A.senii) ; Coleoptera:

(kopi arabika, arabica coffee),

Martinique, Morocco, Niger, Bostrichidae; black borer,

Coffea liberica, Elaeis

Nigeria, Puerto Rico, Sao Tome twig borer, date palm

guineensis (kelapa sawit,

& Principe, Tanzania, Togo, bostrichid

oilpalm), Mangifera indica

(mangga, mango), Psidium

Tunisia, Uganda, Zambia

guajava (jambu biji, guava),

Asia: Israel, Lebanon, Syria.

Punica granatum (delima,

Europe: France, Italy, Spain

pomegranate), Swietenia mahogany (mahoni, mahogany), Tamarindus indica (asam, tamarind),Theobroma cacao (kakao, cocoa)

Annona cherimola (cherimoya), Calicotome spinosa , Citrus spp.(jeruk, orange), Gleditsia triacanthos, Morrus alba (murbei, mulberry), Olea europea subsp. europea (zaitum, olive), Robinia pseudoacacia , Styphnolobium japonicum , Syringa pekinensis, Annona cherimola,Malus domestica ( apel, apple), Melia azedarach, Phoenix dactylifera (kurma, dates-palm), Prunus persica (persik, peach), Pyrus communis ( pir, pear), Tamarix gallica , Vitis vinifera (anggur, grapevine)

27. Apate terebrans Pallas;

batang, kayu Africa: Ghana, Kenya, Nigeria, Coleoptera: Bostricidae;

II Acacia spp., Albizia lelbeck,

Natal, Sahara, Tanzania, shot-hole borer, trunk

A.procera, Anacadium

occidentale, Azadirachta

Uganda

borer, girdler

indica, Cedrela odorata, Citrus

America: Brazil

Spp., Coffea arabica, Coffea

Asia: India

robusta, Eucalyptus polycarpa, Dalbergia sissoo, Delonix regia, Khaya senegalensis, Melia azedorach, Melia composita, Psidium guajava, Tectona grandis, Terminalia ivorensis, Theobroma cacao, Triplochiton scleroxylon

28. Apriona germmari (Hope);

batang, kayu Asia: Cambodia, China, India, Coleoptera:

II Artocarpus integra, Morus

alba, Salix tetrasperma Japan, Republic of Korea, Cerambycidae;Mulberry

Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, longhorn beetle

Nepal, Pakistan, Taiwan, Thailand, Pakistan, Vietnam

29. Argyrotaenia

America: Canada, Mexico, USA velutinana Walker; (=Eulia

II Acer sp. (maple), Apocynum

batang,

sp. (dogbane), Ilex decidua,

daun, buah

velutinana =Tortrix

Ambrosia trifida, Betula

velutinana); Lepidoptera:

papyrifera, Chrysanthemum,

Tortricidae; redbanded

Persea americana (avokad,

leafroller

avocado), Malus domestica ( apel, apple), Psidium guajava (jambu biji, guava), Syzygium aquea (jambu air, star apple), Mangifera indica (mangga, mango), Pyrus communis (pir, pear), Zinia violacea, Lobelia sp., Lonicera sp., Vaccinium sp., Quercus sp., Geranium sp., Alcea rosea, Myrica gale, Platanthera cristata, Abies balsamea, Larix spp., Picea glauca, Picea mariana, Picea rubens, Pinus sylvestris, Tsuga Canadensis, Malus spp., Prunus domestica, Prunus pensylvania, Prunus persica, Prunus serotina, Rosa spp., Populus tremuloides,

30. Arhopalus ferus Fabricius;

batang, kayu Europe: England, Russia Coleoptera: Cerambycidae;

II Burned or windthrown pine

Oceania: New Zealand Burnt pine longicorn

and spruce

31. Aspidiotus nerii Bouché;

Africa: Algeria, Cape Verde, (=Aspidiotus aloes

II Actinidia chinensis (Chinese

bibit

Congo, Egypt, Eritrea, =Aspidiotus hederae

gooseberry), Albizia julibrissin tanaman,

(silk tree), Citrus, Olea (olive), bunga, buah, Ethiopia, Kenya,Libya, =Aspidiotus limonii

daun, batang Madagascar, Malawi, Morocco, =Aspidiotus genistae

Oleaceae, Ananas comosus

Nigeria, Portugal, South Africa, =Chermes aloes =Chermes

(nanas, pineapple), Asparagus

Spain, Tanzania, Tunisia, ericae =Chermes cycadicola

setaceus (Asparagus fern),

Uganda, Zimbabwe =Diaspis bouchei

Asplenium nidus (bird's nest

America: Argentina, Bermuda, =Aspidiotus bouchei

fern), Ceratonia, Cocos

Bolivia, Brazil, Central =Chermes nerii =Aspidiotus

nucifera (kelapa, coconut),

Dianthus caryophyllus America, Chile,Colombia, affinis =Aspidiotus caldesii

Ecuador, Mexico, North =Aspidiotus denticulatus

(carnation), Diospyros

America, USA,Peru, Uruguay =Aspidiotus villosus

(malabar ebony), Hedera helix

Asia: China,Iran, Israel, =Aspidiotus budleiae

(ivy), Ilex aquifolium (holly),

Japan,Jordan, Lebanon, Saudi =Aspidiotus ceratoniae =

Juniperus (junipers), Laurus

Arabia, Syria, Turkey Aspidiotus cycadicola

nobilis (sweet bay), Magnolia,

Europe: Bulgaria, Bosnia and =Aspidiotus epidendri

Mangifera indica (mangga,

Herzegovina, Cyprus, Croatia, =Aspidiotus ericae

mango), Melia azedarach

France, Gibraltar, Greece, =Aspidiotus gnidii

(Chinaberry), Morus

Italy, Macedonia, Malta, =Aspidiotus ilicis

(mulberry tree), Musa

Montenegro, Poland, Portugal, =Aspidiotus myricinae

paradisiaca (pisang kepok,

Romania, Spain, Serbia, =Aspidiotus ulicis

plantain), Nerium (oleander),

Slovenia, UK, Yugoslavia =Aspidiotus uriesciae

Orchidaceae (orchids),

Oceania: Australia, New =Aspidiotus lentisci

Pandanus (screw-pine),

Caledonia, New Zealand, =Aspidiotus capparis

Phoenix (date palm), Plumeria

rubra var. acutifolia (Mexican

Norfolk Island

=Aspidiotus myrsinae

frangipani), Prunus persica

=Aspidiotus budlaei

(persik, peach), Pyrus

=Aspidiotus atherospermae

communis (European pear),

=Aspidiotus oleae

Rosa (mawar, roses),

=Aspidiotus corynocarpi

Simmondsia chinensis (jojoba),

=Aspidiotus oleastin

Vitis vinifera (anggur,

=Aspidiotus offinis

grapevine)

=Aspidiotus sophorae =Aspidiotus carpodeti =Aspidiotus transpareus var. simillimus =Aspidiotus vagabundus =Aspidiotus simillimus =Aspidiotus transvaalensis =Aspidiotus confusus =Aspidiotus tasmaniae =Aspidiotus viresciae =Octaspidiotus atherospermae =Chermes hederae =Chermes genistae =Chermes osmanthi =Aspidiotus transpareus var. rectangulatus =Aspidiotus rectangulatus =Aspidiosus unipectinatus =Aspidiotus hederae var. urenae =Aspidiotus urenae =Octaspidiotus anthospermae =Aspidiotus hederae =Aspidiotus hederae ssp. unisexualis ); Hemiptera: Diaspididae; aucuba scale; ivy scale; white scale; oleander scale

32. Augosoma

Africa: Cameroon, Gambia, centaurus Fabricius;

II Elaeis guineensis (kelapa

batang,

Ghana, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae;

sawit, Oilpalm), palma

media

tanam, sisa Liberia, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal. stem tissues borer

lainnya (other palmae)

tanaman

33. Bactrocera caryeae Kapoor;

buah, media Asia: India, Sri Lanka. (=Dacus caryeae Kapoor);

II Aegle marmelos (maja, bael

fruit, golden apple), Citrus

tanam

Diptera: Tephritidae; Indian

spp, Citrus maxima, Citrus

(tanah)

fruit fly

reticulata, Malpighia glabra,Mangifera indica (mangga, mango), Pouteria sapota , Psidium guajava (jambu biji, guava)

34. Bactrocera

buah, media Oceania: New Caledonia, curvipennis (Froggatt);

II Anacardium occidentale,

Annona reticulata, Averrhoa

carambola (belimbing, star-

(tanah)

curvipennis=Chaetodacus

fruit), Calophyllum

curvipennis =Dacus

inophyllum, Capsicum

curvipennis

annuum (cabai besar, paprika,

=Strumetacurvipennis) ;

bell pepper), Couthovia neo-

Diptera: Tephritidae;

caledonica, Carica papaya

banana fruit fly

(pepaya, papaya, pawpaw), Citrus spp.(jeruk, orange), Casimiroa eludis, Citrus latifolia, Citrus maxima, Citrus reticulata, Citrus sinensis, Citrus x paradisi, Coffea arabica, Diospyros macrocarpa, Euginia uniflora, Eriobotrya japonica, Fragaria ananassa, Guettarda speciosa, Mangifera indica (mangga, mango), Meremia tuberosa, Malphigia glabra, Morus alba, Ochrosia elleptica , Psidium cattleianum, Psidium friedrichstalianum, Psidium (pepaya, papaya, pawpaw), Citrus spp.(jeruk, orange), Casimiroa eludis, Citrus latifolia, Citrus maxima, Citrus reticulata, Citrus sinensis, Citrus x paradisi, Coffea arabica, Diospyros macrocarpa, Euginia uniflora, Eriobotrya japonica, Fragaria ananassa, Guettarda speciosa, Mangifera indica (mangga, mango), Meremia tuberosa, Malphigia glabra, Morus alba, Ochrosia elleptica , Psidium cattleianum, Psidium friedrichstalianum, Psidium

35. Bactrocera

buah, media Asia: China, Taiwan, Japan, depressa (Shiraki);

II Cucurbita moschata (waluh,

labu, pumpkin),Cucurbita

maxima (waluh, labu parang, (tanah)

(Paradacus)depressa

pumpkin)

=B.depressus =Dacus depressus =Paradacus depressus =Zeugodacus depressus) ; Diptera: Tephritidae; pumpkin fruit fly

36. Bactrocera dorsalis

II Aegle marmelos , Anacardium buah, media America: USA

(Hendel);Diptera:

Asia: Bangladesh, Bhutan, Tephritidae; oriental fruitfly

occidentale (kacang mete,

tanam

cashew nut), Annona

(tanah)

Cambodia, China, Hong Kong,

reticulata (buah nona,

India, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal,

srikaya, bullock's heart),

Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Taiwan,

Annona squamosa (srikaya,

Thailand, United Arab

sweetsop), Areca catechu

Emirates, Vietnam.

(pinang, betelnut palm),

Oceania: Belau, French

Artocarpus altilis , Artocarpus

Polynesia, Mariana Islands,

heterophyllus (nangka,

Nauru, New Caledonia, Palau

jackfruit), Averrhoa carambola (belimbing, star fruit),

Capsicum annuum (cabai besar, paprika, bellpepper), Carica papaya (pepaya, pawpaw, papaya), Chrysophyllum cainito , Citrus, Citrus aurantiifolia (lime), Citrus maxima (pummelo), Citrus reticulata (mandarin), Coffea arabica (arabicacoffee), Cucumis melo (melon, melon), Cucumis sativus (mentimun, cucumber), Dimocarpus longan (longan), Diospyros kaki (kesemek, persimmon), Ficus racemosa, Flacourtia indic a (governor's plum), Malpighia glabra , Malus domestica (apel, apple), Mangifera foetida , Mangifera indica (mangga, mango), Manilkara zapota (sawo, sapodilla), Mimusops elengi (spanish cherry),Momordica charantia (paria, bitter gourd), Muntingia calabura (Jamaica cherry), Musa (pisang, banana), Nephelium lappaceum (rambutan), Persea americana (avokad, avocado), Prunus armeniaca (aprikot, apricot), Prunus avium (sweet cherry), Prunus

cerasus (sour cherry), Prunus domestica (plum), Prunus mume (Japanese apricot), Prunus persica ( persik, peach), Psidium guajava (jambu, guava), Punica granatum (delima, pomegranate), Pyrus communis (pir, European pear), Spondias purpurea(red mombin), Syzygium aqueum (watery rose-apple), Syzygium aromaticum (cengkeh, clove), Syzygium cumini , Syzygiumjambos (rose apple), Syzygium malaccense (jambu bol, malay-apple), Syzygium samarangense , Terminalia catappa (ketapang, Indian almond), Ziziphus jujuba, Ziziphus mauritiana

37. Bactrocera invadens Drew,

II Maerua duchesnei, Mangifera buah, media Afrika: Angola, Benin, Tsuruta & white; Diptera:

Botswana, Burkina Faso, Tephritidae

indica (mangga, mango),

tanam

Psidium guajava (jambu,

(tanah)

Burundi, Cameroon, Cape

guava)

Verde, Central African

Anacardium occidentale

Republik, Chad, Congo, DR

(cashew nut), Ananas

Cogo, Ivory Coast, Equatorial

comosus (nanas, pineapple),

Guinea, Ethiopia, Gabon,

Annona cherimola

Gambia, Ghana, Guinea,

(cherimoya), Annona muricata

Guinea-Bissau, Liberia,

(sirsak, soursop), Annona

Madagascar, Mali, Mauritania,

squamosa (markisa, sugar

Mayotte, Mozambique, Mayotte, Mozambique,

Namibia, Niger, Nigeria,

(belimbing, star fruit), Blighia

Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone,

sapida (akee apple), Capsicum

South Africa, Sudan,

annuum (paprika, bell

Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo,

pepper), Capsicum frustescens

Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe

(cabai rawit, chilli), Carica

Asia: Bhutan, India, Sri Lanka

papaya (pepaya, papaya), Chrysophyllum albidum, Citrullus colocynthis (colocynth), Citrullus lanatus (semangka, watermelon), Citrus aurantium (sour orange), Citrus limon (jeruk lemon, lemon), Citrus reticulata (jeruk mandarin, mandarin), Citrus sinensis (navel orange), Citrus x paradisi (grapefruit), Cordia sinensis, Cucumis ficifolius, Cucumis melo (melon, melon), Cucumis sativus (mentimun, cucumber), Cucurbita maxima (labu parang, giant pumpkin), Cucurbita pepo (labu parang, ornamental gourd), Diospyros kaki (perismmon), Diospyros montana, Dracaena steudneri, Durio zibethinus (durian, durian), Eriobotrya japonica (loquat), Ficus sycomorus, Flacourtia indica, Fortunella japonica, Garcinia mannii,

Irvingia gabonensis, Landolphia, Malus domestica (apel, apple), Momordica charantia (paria, bitter gourd), Musa, Musa x paradisiaca (pisang, banana), Nauclealatifolia (pin cushion tree), Persea americana (avokad, avocado), Prunus persica (persik, peach), Saba senegalensis , Sclerocarya birrea (marula), Solanum lycopersicum (tomat, tomato), Sorindeia madagascariensis, Spondias dulcis (otaheite apple), Spondias mombin (hog plum), Strychnos mellodora, Syzygium jambos, Syzygium malaccense, Syzygium semarangense, Terminalia catappa, Vitellaria paradoxa, Ziziphus mauritania

38. Bactrocera jarvisi (Tryon);

buah, media Oceania: Australia (=Afrodacus jarvisi =Dacus

II Mangifera indica (mangga,

mango), Psidium guajava

tanam

jarvisi=D.australis

(jambu biji, guava), Terminalia (tanah)

=Chaetodacus jarvisi) ;

catappa (ketapang, Indian

Diptera: Tephritidae; Fiji

almond)

fruitfly, Jarvis’s fruitfly

Anacardium occidentale (jambu mete, cashew-nut), Annona glabra , Annona muricata (sirsak, soursop), Areca catechu (pinang,

betelnut palm), Averrhoa carambola (belimbing, star- fruit), Carica papaya (pepaya, pawpaw,papaya), Citrus spp (jeruk, orange), Cydonia oblonga (kwinsi, quince), Diospyros blancoi , Diospyros kaki (kesemek, persimmon), Feijoa sellowiana , Fortunella japonica (kumkwat, kumquat), Malus domestica ( apel, apple), Malpighia emarginata , Musa paradisiaca (pisang, kepok, plantain), Opuntia sp., Passiflora quadrangularis (markisa, passion-fruit, granadilla), Persea americana (avokad, avocado), Planchonia careya, Pouteria campechiana , Pouteria caimito , Prunus americana (aprikot, apricot), Prunus persica (persik, peach), Psidium cattleianum, Punica granatum (delima, pomegranate), Pyrus communis ( pir, pear), Spondias purpurea , Syzygium aquea (jambu air, star apple), Psidium guajava (jambu biji, guava), Syzygium malaccense (jambu bol, malay apple),

Syzygium samarangense (jambu Semarang, Java apple), Terminalia arenicola

39. Bactrocera kandiensis Drew

II Anacardium occidentale buah, media Asia: Sri Lanka &Hancock; (=Bactrocera sp.

(jambu mete, cashew-nut),

tanam

near dorsalis) ; Diptera:

Annona glabra , Areca catechu (tanah)

Tephritidae; Sri Lankan

(pinang, betelnut palm),

fruit fly

Artocarpus integrifolius (nangka, jackfuit), Artocarpus heterophyllus (nangka, jackfruit), Averrhoa carambola (belimbing, carambola, star-fruit), Citrus maxima , Mangifera indica (mangga, mango), Persea americana (avokad, avocado), Psidium guajava (jambu biji, guava), Punica granatum (delima, pomegranate), Spondias cytherea , Syzygium aromaticum (cengkeh, clove), Syzygium aquea (jambu air, star apple), Mangifera indica (mangga, mango) Carica papaya (pepaya, pawpaw, papaya)

40. Bactrocera kinabalu Drew &

II Persea americana (avokad,

buah, media Asia: Malaysia

Hancock; Diptera:

avocado)

tanam

Tephritidae; Kinabalu fruit

(tanah)

fly

41. Bactrocera neohumeralis II Psidium guajava (jambu biji, buah, media Oceania: Australia, Papua New Hardy; (=Chaetodacus

guava)

tanam

Guinea.

humeralis=C.tryoni var.

Anacardium occidentale (tanah)

sarcocephali =Dacus

(jambu mete, cashew), neohumeralis =Dacus tryoni Annona spp. (buah nona,

var. neohumeralis); Diptera:

sirsak, srikaya, annona,

Tephritidae; lesser

soursop, sweetsop), Annona

Queensland fruit fly

glabra, Annona muricata, Annona reticulata, Annona squamosa (sugar apple),Avverhoa carambola (belimbing, carambola, star fruit), Cananga odorata (kenanga, cadmia), Carica papaya (pepaya, pawpaw, papaya), Citrus spp. (jeruk, orange), Clausena lansium, Calophyllum inophyllum (nyamplung, Alexandrian laurel), Coffea spp. (kopi, coffee), Capsicum annuum (cabai besar, paprika, bell pepper), Crateva religiosa, Chrysophyllum cainito (kenitu, sawo duren, cainito), Casimiroa edulis , Cyphomandra betacea , Diospyros blancoi, Diospyros kaki (kesemek, persimmon), Eriobotrya japonica (lokwat, loquat), Eugenia dombeyi, Eugenia uniflora,Feijoa sellowiana, Fortunella japonica (kumkwat,

kumquat), Solanumlycopersicum (tomat, tomato), Malus domestica (apel, apple), Malpighia emarginata , Mangifera indica (mangga, mango), Achras (= Manilkara) zapota (sawo, sapodilla), Morus nigra (murbei, mulberry), Musa x paradisiaca (pisang kepok, plantain), Muntingia calabura (kersen, talok, Jamaica cherry), Myrciaria cauliflora, Passiflora spp, Phoenix dactylifera (kurma, date- palm), Pouteria caimito, Prunus americana (aprikot, apricot), Prunus domesticum (plam, plum), Prunus persica (persik, peach), Pyrus communis (pir, pear), Rollinia mucosa , Rubus rosaefolius, Solanum laciniatum, Solanum seaforthianum, Spondias mombin, Spondias purpurea , Synsepa lum dulcificum, Syzygium spp, Terminalia catappa, Vitis labrusca, Ziziphus jujuba.

42. Bactrocera

buah, media Oceania: Fiji, Niue, Tonga, passiflorae (Froggatt);

II Anacardium occidentale,

Tuvalu, Wallis-Futuna. (=Bactrocera passiflorae

Artocarpus altilis, Carica

tanam

papaya (pepaya,

(tanah)

=Chaetodacus passiflorae

pawpaw,papaya), Citrus

=Dacus passiflorae

spp.(jeruk, orange), Citrus

=Strumeta passiflorae) ;

aurantifolia, Citrus reticulata,

Diptera: Tephritidae; Fijian

Mangifera indica (mangga,

fruit fly

mango), Passiflora edulis, Passiflora quadrangularis (markisah, passion-fruit, granadilla), Persea americana (avokad, avocado), Psidium guajava (jambu biji, guava) Theobroma cacao (kakao, cocoa)

buah, media Asia: Philippines Drew & Hancock; Diptera:

43. Bactrocera philippinensis II Mangifera indica (mangga,

mango), Artocarpus communis tanam

Tephritidae; Phillippines

(sukun, breadfruit), Achras (= (tanah)

fruit fly

Manilkara) zapota (sawo, sapodilla), Averrhoa carambola (belimbing, star- fruit), Ananas comosus (nanas, pineapple), Carica papaya (pepaya, pawpaw, papaya), Citrus spp.(jeruk, orange), Psidium guajava (jambu biji, guava), Pouteria duklitan, Spondias purpurea , Syzygium malaccense (jambu bol, malay apple)

44. Bactrocera psidii (Frogg.);

II Psidium guajava (jambu biji, buah, media Oceania:New Caledonia (=Dacus psidii =D.

guava), Prunus persica

tanam

ornatissimus =D.

(persik, peach)

(tanah)

virgatus=Strumeta psidii

Aleurites moluccana (kemiri,

=Tephritis psidii) ; Diptera:

candle nut), Anacardium

Tephritidae; South Sea

occidentale (jambu mete,

guava fruit fly

cashew-nut), Annona muricata, Annona reticulata , Annona squamosa (srikaya, sweetsop), Carica papaya (pepaya, papaya, pawpaw), Cerbera manghas, Caryophyllus sp., Citrus maxima (jeruk Bali, pummelo), Diospyros bicolor, Diospyros kaki, Diospyros macrocarpa, Eugenia uniflora , Diospyros sp., Ficus spp., Mangifera indica (mangga, mango), Malphigia glabra, Morus alba,Psidium cattleianum , Psidium guajava (jambu biji, guava), Prunus granatum, Prunus domestica (plum), Prunus persica (persik, peach), Syzygium aquea (jambu air, star apple), Syzygium jambos, Syzygium malaccense (jambu bol, malay apple), Terminalia catappa (ketapang, indian almond),Thevetia peruviana, Vitis vinifera (anggur, grape)

45. Bactrocera pyrifoliae Drew &

II Psidium guajava (jambu biji, buah, media Asia: Thailand, Vietnam Hancock; Diptera:

guava), Prunus persica

tanam

Tephritidae; pyrifolia fruit

(persik, peach), Pyrus pyrifolia (tanah)

fly

(Pear)

46. Bactrocera tryoni (Froggatt);

II Anacardium occidentale buah, media Oceania: Australia, Polynesia (=Bactrocera tryoni

France, New Caledonia. =Chaetodacus sarcocephali

(jambu mete, cashew-nut),

tanam

Anona spp, Averrhoa

(tanah)

=Chaetodacus tryoni

carambola (belimbing, star-

=Dacus tryoni =D.

fruit), Carica papaya (pepaya,

ferrugineus tryoni

pawpaw, papaya), Coffea spp.

=Strumeta melas =Strumeta

(kopi, coffee), Capsicum

tryoni =Tephritis tryoni) ;

annuum (cabai besar,

Diptera: Tephritidae;

paprika, bell-pepper),

Queensland fruit fly

Chrysophyllum cainito , Casimiroa edulis , Eriobotrya japonica (lokwat, loquat), Eugenia uniflora , Fortunella japonica (kumkwat, kumquat), Solanumlycopersicum (tomat, tomato), Malus sylvestris (crab-apple) , Mangifera indica (mangga, mango), Achras (= Manilkara) zapota (sawo, sapodilla), Morus nigra, Passiflora quadrangularis (markisa, passion-fruit, granadilla), Passiflora suberosa,Prunus persica (persik, peach), Psidium cattleianum , Psidium guajava (jambu biji, guava), Syzygium spp, Terminalia catappa (ketapang, indian almond). Aegle marmelos (maja, bael

fruit), Annona squamosa (srikaya, sweetsop), Averrhoa bilimbi (belimbing sayur, bilimbi), Blighia sapida, Cananga odorata (kenanga, cadmia), Citrus spp., Clausena lansium , Calophyllum inophyllum (nyamplung, alexander laurel), Cucurbita maxima (waluh, labu parang, pumpkin), Cydonia oblonga (kwinsi, quince), Cyphomandra betacea , Dimocarpus longan (kelengkeng, longan), Diospyros blancoi , Diospyros kaki (kesemek, persimmon), Dovyalis caffra , Eremocitrus glauca , Eugenia dombeyi, Feijoa sellowiana, Ficus racemosa , Flacourtia jangomas , Flacourtia rukam (rukem, rukam), Fortunellax crassifolia , Grewia asiatica, Juglans regia (walnut, walnut), Dimocarpus litchii (leci,litchii), Malpighia emarginata , Mimusops elengi (tanjung, asian bulletwood), Momordica charantia (paria, bitter gourd), Morus alba

(murbei, mulberry), Musa paradisiaca (pisang kepok, plantain), Myrciaria cauliflora, Nephelium lappaceum (rambutan, rambutan), Nerium oleander , Olea europea subsp. europea (zaitum, olive), Opuntia ficus- indica , Passiflora foetida, Passiflora quadrangularis (markisa, passion fruit, granadilla), Persea americana (avocad, avocado), Phoenix dactylifera (kurma, dates- palm), Physalis peruviana (gooseberry), Pometia pinnata, Pouteria campechiana , Pouteria caimito , Pouteria sapota , Prunus spp., Psidium guineense , Punica granatum (delima, pomegranate), Phyllanthus acidus , Pyrus communis (pir, pear), Rollinia mucosa , Rollinia pulchrinervis, Rubus fruticosa , Rubus ursinus , Solanum melongena (terung, eggplant), Solanum spp., Spondias spp., Synsepalum dulcificum , Syzygium spp., Thevetia peruviana , Trichosanthes cucumerina , Vitis labrusca,

Vitis vinifera (anggur, grapevine), Ziziphus mauritiana

47. Bactrocera

buah, media Asia: China, Japan, Taiwan, tsuneonis (Miyake); (=Dacus

II Citrus spp.(jeruk, orange),

Citrus aurantium, Citrus

tanam

Vietnam

chenia =D. tsuneonis

reticulata, Citrus sinensis,

(tanah)

=Tetradacus tsuneonis) ;

Fortunella margarita (oval

Diptera: Tephritidae;

kumquat), Fortunella x

Japanese orange fly, Citrus

crassifolia, Musa spp. (pisang,

fruit fly

banana)

America: Canada, Mexico, USA Geer; (=Ligyrus gibbosus

48. Bothynus gibbosus De II Apium graveolens (seledri,

batang,

celery), Daucus carota (wortel, umbi, akar,

=L.californicus) ; Coleoptera:

carrot), Helianthus anuus

tanah

Scarabaeidae; carrot beetle,

(bunga matahari, sunflower),

carrot head beetle, muck

Ipomoea batatas (ubi jalar,

beetle

sweet potato), Solanum tuberosum (kentang, potato), Zea mays (jagung, corn)

49. Busseola fusca Fuller;

Africa: Angola, Benin, Burkina (=Calamistis fusca

II Zea mays (jagung, corn),

batang,

stalk, daun, Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, =Busseola sorghicida

Sorghum bicolor (sorgum,

bunga, akar Chad, DR Congo, Eritrea, =Sesamia fusca) ;

sorghum)

Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Lepidoptera: Noctuidae;

Eleusine coracana , Oryza

Guinea, Ivory Coast, Kenya, African maize stalk borer,

sativa (padi,

Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, maize stalk borer, maize

paddy),Pennisetum glaucum

Nigeria, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, stem borer, sorghum

(bajra, pearl-millet),

Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, stalk/stem borer

Saccharum officinarum (tebu,

sugarcane), Hyparrhenis rufa,

Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo,

Hyparrhenis tamba,

Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe

Megathyrsus maximus, Pennisetum purpureum, Rotboellia cochinchinensis

50. Caliothrips masculinus

America: Trinidad and Tobago Hood; Thysanoptera:

II Manihot esculenta (ubi kayu, daun

cassava)

Thripidae

Asia: China, Japan, Korea DPR Matsumura; (=Carposina

51. Carposina sasakii II Malus domestica ( apel, apple), buah

(North Korea), Republic of niponensis (Wals.) =C.

Pyrus communis ( pir, pear),

Korea (South Korea). persicana =Cydia

Prunus persica (persik, peach)

Europe: Russia persicana) ; Lepidoptera:

Aronia arbutifolia ,

Chaenomeles japonica , Cornus

Carposinidae; peach fruit

mas, Cratageus cuneata,

moth, peach fruit borer

Cydonia oblonga (quince), Eriobotrya japonica (lokwat, loquat), Malus spp., Phoenix dactylifera (kurma, dates- palm), Prunus americana (aprikot, apricot), Prunus cerrasus (ceri, cherry), Prunus domesticum (plum), Prunus dulcis ( almond), Sorbus aucuparia, Ziziphus jujube

52. Caulophilus

America: Cuba, Guatemala, oryzae (Gyllenhal);

II Cicer arietinum (chickpea),

biji, umbi,

Jamaica, Mexico, Panama, (=Caulophilus

Panicum miliaceum (millet),

akar,

Puerto Rico, USA latinasus=Rhyncolus

Pennisetum spp., Zea mays

rhizome

Europe: Portugal oryzae) ; Coleoptera:

(jagung, corn)

Ipomoea batatas (ubi jalar,

Curculionidae; broad nosed

sweet potato), Persea

grain weevil, broad nosed

americana (avokad, avocado),

granary weevil

Zingiber officinale (jahe, ginger)

53. Cephus cinctus Norton;

America: Canada, USA. (=Cephusoccidentalis);

II Triticum aestivum (gandum,

batang

Asia: Kazakhstan Hymenoptera: Cephidae;

wheat), serealea (cerealia)

Europe: Russia wheat stem sawfly western

Agropyron, Elymus, Hordeum

vulgare (barli, barley), Phleum

wheat-stem fly

54. Ceratitis

II Gossypium barbadens buah, media Africa: Algeria, Angola, Benin, capitata (Wiedemann);

Botswana, Burkina Faso, (=Ceratitis citriperda

(kapas, cotton), Coffea spp.

tanam

Burundi, Cameroon, Cape =Ceratitis hispanica

(kopi, coffee), Vitis vinifera

(tanah)

Verde, Comoros, DR Congo, =Tephritis capitata) ;

(anggur, grapevine), Persea

Congo, Egypt, Ethiopia, Gabon, Diptera: Tephritidae;

americana (avokad, avocado),

Ghana, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Mediterranean fruit fly,

Annona spp., Malus domestica

Kenya, Liberia, Libya, medfly

( apel, apple), Capsicum

annuum (cabai besar,

Madagascar, Malawi, Mali,

paprika, bell-pepper), Citrus

Morocco, Mauritius,

spp.(jeruk, orange), Mangifera

Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria,

indica (mangga, mango),

Réunion, St. Helena, Sao Tome

Solanumlycopersicum (tomat,

& Principe, Senegal,

tomato), Theobroma cacao

Seychelles, Sierra Leone, South

(kakao, cocoa), Psidium

Africa, Spain, Sudan,

guajava (jambu biji, guava)

Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Anacardium occidentale Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

(jambu mete, cashew-nut),

America: Antilles Netherlands,

Annona reticulata , Citrus spp,

Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil,

Carissa spp. , Chrysophyllum

Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica,

cainito , Casimiroa edulis,

Ecuador, El Salvador,

Cyphomandra betacea,

Guatemala, Honduras,

Dovyalis caffra , Eugenia spp.,

Jamaica, Nicaragua, Panama, Garcinia mangostana Paraguay, Peru, USA, Uruguay,

(manggis, mangosteen),

Venezuela.

Juglans regia , Dimocarpus

Asia: China, Iran, Israel,

litchii (leci,litchii), Malpighia

Jordan, Lebanon, Saudi

glabra , Achras (= Manilkara)

Arabia, Syria,Turkey, Yemen

zapota (sawo, sapodilla),

Europe: Albania, Bulgaria,

Morus, Mespilus germanica,

Chile, Croatia, Cyprus, France,

Muntingia calabura (kersen,

Greece, Italy, Malta, Portugal,

talok, jamaica cherry),

Russia, Slovenia, Spain,

Opuntia spp., Passiflora

Switzerland, Serbia, Slovenia, Switzerland, Serbia, Slovenia,

Bosnia and Herzegovina,

(kurma, dates-palm), Physalis

Montenegro, Macedonia.

peruviana , Psidium longipes,

Oceania: Australia.

Punica granatum (delima, pomegranate), Rubus loganobaccus , Santalum album , Solanum spp., Spondias cytherea , Syzygium spp., Thevetia peruviana,Pouteria viridis , Carica papaya (pepaya, pawpaw, papaya), Chrysophyllum oliviforme , Cydonia oblonga (quince), Diospyros spp., Eriobotrya japonica (lokwat, loquat), Eugenia dombeyi , Eugenia uniflora , Feijoa sellowiana, Fortunella japonica (kumkwat, kumquat), Garcinia livingstonei , Mangifera indica (mangga, mango), Persea americana (avocad, avocado), Pouteria sapota , Prunus americana (aprikot, apricot), Prunus domesticum (plam, plum), Prunus persica (persik, peach), Pyrus communis (pir, pear), Spondias purpurea, Syzygium aquea (jambu air, star apple), Terminalia catappa (ketapang, indian Punica granatum (delima, pomegranate), Rubus loganobaccus , Santalum album , Solanum spp., Spondias cytherea , Syzygium spp., Thevetia peruviana,Pouteria viridis , Carica papaya (pepaya, pawpaw, papaya), Chrysophyllum oliviforme , Cydonia oblonga (quince), Diospyros spp., Eriobotrya japonica (lokwat, loquat), Eugenia dombeyi , Eugenia uniflora , Feijoa sellowiana, Fortunella japonica (kumkwat, kumquat), Garcinia livingstonei , Mangifera indica (mangga, mango), Persea americana (avocad, avocado), Pouteria sapota , Prunus americana (aprikot, apricot), Prunus domesticum (plam, plum), Prunus persica (persik, peach), Pyrus communis (pir, pear), Spondias purpurea, Syzygium aquea (jambu air, star apple), Terminalia catappa (ketapang, indian

buah, media Africa: Angola, Benin, (=Ceratitis giffardi

55. Ceratitis cosyra (Walker);

II Mangifera indica (mangga,

Botswana, Burkina Faso, =Pardalaspis cosyra

mango)

tanam

Cameroon, Central Africa, DR =P.giffardi =P.giffardi var.

Anisophyllea laurina, Annona (tanah)

Congo, Guinea, Ivory Coast, sarcocephali

spp, Annona cherimola,

Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi, =P.parinarii=P.sarcocephali

Annona muricata, Annona

Mali, Mozambique, Nigeria, =Trypeta cosyra) ; Diptera:

reticulata, Annona

Senegal, Sierra Leone, South Tephritidae; mango fruit

senegalensis, Canopharyngia

Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, fly, marula fruit fly

penduliflora, Landolphia sp.,

Saba senegalensis , Citrus

Zambia, Zimbabwe.

aurantium (jeruk nipis, lime), Chrysobalanus sp., Parinari mobola, Diospyros mespiliformis, Dovyalis caffra, Nauclea latifolia, Persea americana (avokad, avocado), Prunus persica (persik, peach), Psidium guajava (jambu biji, guava), Sclerocarya birrea, Sarcocephalus esculentus, Uapaca kirkiana, Warburgia ugandensis

56. Ceratitis punctata Wied.;

buah, media Africa: Cameroon, DR Congo, (=Pardalaspis punctata=P.

II Coffea spp. (kopi, coffee),

Congo, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, senegalensis =Tephritis

Psidium guajava (jambu biji, tanam

Senegal, Sierra Leone, South senegalensis) ; Diptera:

guava), Passiflora

(tanah)

Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, Tephritidae; cacao fruit fly

quadrangularis (markisah,

granadilla, passion fruit),

Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Mangifera indica (mangga, mango), Cucumis melo (melon, melon), Chrysophyllum Mangifera indica (mangga, mango), Cucumis melo (melon, melon), Chrysophyllum

II Psidium guajava (jambu biji, buah, media Africa: Angola, Benin, (=Pardalaspis quinaria);

57. Ceratitis quinaria (Bezzi);

Botswana, Malawi, Mali, Diptera: Tephritidae;

guava), Citrus spp.(jeruk,

tanam

Namibia, Ivory Coast, South Rhodesian fruit fly

orange), Prunus americana

(tanah)

(aprikot, apricot), Prunus

Africa, Sudan, Zimbabwe

persica (persik, peach)

Asia: Yemen