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8 from various participants. Further explanation related to research setting and
participants are elaborated below.
1. Research Setting
The target users are the nursing students who learn English for Specific Purposes ESP with its branch is English for Occupational Purposes EOP. One
of higher education institutions that English teaching-learning process using EOP is STIKES Wira Husada. Therefore, the research was conducted in STIKES Wira
Husada Yogyakarta which is located in Babarsari, Depok, Sleman, Yogyakarta.
2. Research Participants
The participants in this study were the students of nursing department and the experts of IT and English lecturers. The students are from nursing department who
learn English for Occupational Purposes EOP. They learn English for 110 minutes for each meeting in which the English credit is 2. The participants were the fourth
semester students or in the second year of studying. In order to gain need analysis, the interview was conducted for the English
lecturers and the students, a classroom observation also was conducted and the questionnaires were distributed to the students and lecturers. In preliminary field
testing the researcher asked some experts to validate the preliminary form of the Android application. The experts were the English lecturer of English Education
Program of Sanata Dharma University and Nursing Lecturer of Poltekes Kemenkes Yogyakarta who also teaches English for the nursing students to validate the content
of the application and the second is IT experts of Android developer from University of Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta to validate the developed Android
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8 application. While for the main field testing the participants were the students of
STIKES Wira Husada Yogyakarta.
Table 3.1. The Description of Expert Validators Participants
Education Background Teaching Experience
years Bachelor
Graduate Doctor 1
– 5 6
– 10 10
An English lecturer of STIKES Wira
Husada 1
1
A Nursing Lecturer 1
1 An English lecturer
of Sanata Dharma University
1 1
IT experts University of
Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta
2 2
D. Data Collection Technique
Data was gathered from the result of questionnaire as the need analysis. Besides the questionnaire, the data was obtained from the interview with the
students and the lecturers. In order to avoid the subjectivity developed from of the questionnaires, the researcher also conducted classroom observation. Since the
purpose of this research is not merely to discover the appropriate Android applications or in other words an efficient application, but also to discover how the
application is acceptable helps the students to improve their speaking skill, then a PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
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8 questionnaire to know the students’ perception on using the Android application
was distributed as well.
1. Questionnaire
The first instrument to gather the data is questionnaire. A questionnaire is an instrument to elicit the feelings, beliefs, experiences, perceptions, or attitudes of
some sample individuals. As a data collecting instrument, it could be structured or unstructured. The questionnaire is most frequently a very concise, pre-planned set
of questions designed to yield specific information to meet a particular need for research information about a pertinent topic. The research information is attained
from respondents normally from a related interest area Key, 1997. There were four kinds of questionnaires there were developed and used in this
study, the first questionnaire was used to analyse the students’ need before designing the application, the second questionnaire was distributed on the
preliminary field testing for th e experts’ validation of the IT programmer and the
third was intended for the English lecturers to validate the learning content. The last questionnaire was for the users which was distributed for five students during the
preliminary testing and after the Android application was implemented in order to know the students’ perception toward the use as well as the content of the
application to improve their speaking skill for the whole students.
2. Interview
Besides gathering the data from the questionnaire, the researcher also conducted an interview for the lecturers of English in STIKES Wira Husada. Kvale
defines qualitative research interviews as attempts to understand the world from PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
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8 the subjects point of view, to unfold the meaning of peoples experiences, to
uncover their lived world prior to scientific explanations Kvale, 1996. Hence, the interview functioned as information gathering based on the students’ experience of
learning English as well as using mobile phones to support the learning. The first interview was with the English lecturer of STIKES Wira Husada for
the need analysis in which it would provide information related to students’ competence, teaching method and strategies as well as the assessment they usually
use in teaching English. The interview is also beneficial as information related to students’ proficiency level. The interview was also conducted to gain information
after the IT experts and English lecturers who validated the content after they finished validating the application. Besides the lecturers and IT experts, in order to
gain more information during the preliminary testing, the researcher also conducted an interview with five students of nursing program STIKES Wira Husada.
3. Classroom Observation
The last data was obtained from observation in the classroom in order to gather information on how the learning process conducted in the classroom, the
students’ learning attitude as well as the media used in teaching-learning activities. Creswell states that “Observation is the process of gathering open-ended. First-hand
information by observing people and places at research site” 2012: p. 217. Therefore, observation is important to conduct to reveal the fact that might not be
captured in the questionnaire as well as in the interview. Based on the R D cycle and the Hybrid model, the stages, data collection
technique, participants and instrument are described as follows: PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
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