Research Design RESEARCH METHOD

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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD

3.1 Research Design

The study is descriptive and qualitative in nature. It tries to describe the data into words form. The data is based on 8 episodes of an English phone interactive program on 95,6 Smart FM Jakarta, Uncle JC Happy Hour in April 2003 to achieve the goal of describing the feature of certain phenomena of any individual in the society which will be identified and justified. In the description stage, I identify that the phenomena may not valid for other studies in general, therefore it is only for a particular event. In addition, the typology of the case study in the study is evaluative, describing an investigation carried out in order to evaluate policy or practice and not in to deep Nunan, 1992: 78. The study access to subjective factors thoughts, feelings, and desires, whereas experiments and surveys often use convenient derivative data, e.g. test results, official records Merriam, 1988:27-29. While Bagdan and Bikle 1982: 40 comment that descriptive field will note subject description such as how is the performance, cloth, speaking style and behavior, interactive conversation, physical descriptive background, important comments such as how many times, who involve, how is the doer, and activity description. Mc.Millan 1989:14 states that qualitative research is a process of selecting, categorizing, comparing, synthesizing and interpreting to provide explanations of the single phenomenon of interest. Qualitatively, the study describes what function and 31 what factors accounted for code – switching on the Uncle JC’s Happy Hour by conducting the data based on identification, categorization, and inductive method. To achieve the goal, the study is conducted to descriptive stage where there will be description details of certain phenomena of any individual or a certain group in a society and carefully explained how the phenomena occurred in the group in the explanatory stage development. Marasigan 1983: 27 classified conversational and written data collection into three types as they came from three different sourced and gathered in three different ways. First is a taped natural conversation of randomly selected adults and children in the school campus. Second, free written compositions by diffferent randomly selected groups pf adults and children and third, clippings from the Philipine mass media. I follow Marasigan’s frame work only for the type of oral data to be analyzed.

3.2 Object of the Study