37
CHAPTER IV RESULT AND DISCUSSION
4.1 Results
This chapter will be contained of finding’s discussion as the main concern of the study; code switching. Marasigan 1983: 122-123 recommends that her study
which she says need more comprehensive study based on wider data, caused the typology of conversational and written functions and social significance of code
switching in the Philippines based on different languages spoken such as Cebuano - English. Code switching occurs in any country or any area, where there are bilingual or
multilingual speaker interact sharing the same languages each other. Moreover, I assume that Uncle JC’s Happy Hour is a multilingual community thus caused code
switching. The community has various mother tongue, gender, age, job, education background, nationality, etc.
From all findings at this study, the functions can be extracted as follow;
Table 1 The conversational function at Uncle JC’s Happy Hour
No Function Total
1. Quotation 7 7,61
2 Interjection 25
27,17 3 Repetition
13 14,13
4 Message Qualification
23 25,00
5 Personalization and objectivization
20 21,74 6
Facility of Expression 4
4,35 Total
92 100
38 According to table 1, there are 6 conversational functions at Uncle JC’s Happy
Hour; quotation, interjection, repetition, message qualification, personalization and objectivization and facility of expression.
Interjection becomes the highest conversation function for 25 or 27,17, second is message qualification for 23 or 25 , third is personalization and
objectivization for 20 or 21,74 and the lowest one is facility of expression for only 4 or 4,35. At this point, it can not be denied that the subjects prefer to have strong
feelings or emotions by using interjection function which can be described at example 8 – 32 above page 40 – 56. Not many subjects get difficulty to find the right English
word during conversation at the English program. Some of them do switching because
of making jokes example 60 and 88; when JC says “betul, bok” or when JC can not
find the right Bahasa Indonesia word for hidden camera example 42 and 93. This indicates the sociolinguistic regularities where subjects manifested language preference
for some language functions. Those functions also illustrate the common code switchings are used. In addition, this study does not find any addressee specification
function as Marasigan does 1983: 120. Besides Bahasa Indonesia as the national and official language in Indonesia, the
place where the study takes the sample, there are some languages used at Uncle JC Happy Hour. This show how reach the multilingual influence to participants.
Tabel 2 Comparison among the number of code switching languages;
Those occur in Uncle JC’s Happy Hour.
No Language Total
1 Bahasa Indonesia
42 61,77
2 Spanish 1
1,47 3 Chinese
17 25,00
4 Japanese 1
1,47
39 5 Tagalog
1 1,47
6 Javanese 2
2,94 7 Bataknese
1 1,47
8 Latin 1
1,47 9 French
1 1,47
10 German 1
1,47 Total
68 100
From table 1 above, Bahasa Indonesia becomes the highest language used for switching codes from English 42 or 61,77 and subjects use Chinese at higher level
17 or 25 while other languages; Spanish, Japanese, Tagalog, Javanese, Bataknese, Latin, French and German are used only one 1 or 1,47. Furthermore, most of callers
do switching from English into Bahasa Indonesia and Chinese when only JC, Fanny, Ibob, Barbara and Kevin use other languages; Spanish example 2, Japanese example
6, Tagalog example 7, Latin example 38, Bataknese example 30, French example 46 and German example 57. Based on those examples, among all subjects,
JC is the only one who shows that he knows more some terms in Bahasa Indonesia, Chinese, Bataknese and French when speaking English at the interactive radio
program. This makes sense since JC has been living in Philippines and America where he can win some terms with international society. As a matter of fact, Chinese and
Bahasa Indonesia which are used many times during the program also show how Indonesia get culture from Chinese cultures and how national language becomes the
only language which is learnt and used by Indonesian people from Sabang to Merauke.
4.2 Discussion on Findings
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