B. Procedure of the Development
The research procedure used in this study modified the steps of R D cycle proposed by Masuhara in Tomlinson 1998 as follows:
Figure 3.1. The Model of Materials Development of This Study
1. Conducting Needs Analysis
Needs analysis was conducted in this step in order to gain the students‟
target and learning needs. 2.
Writing a Course Grid After knowing the students‟ needs related to the designed supplementary
reading materials, the next step was writing a course grid as a guideline to design the units of the materials. It was written based on the results of the
needs analysis. Conducting
Needs Analysis
Writing a Course Grid
Designing the First Draft of the
Product Getting Expert
Judgment Revisions
3. Designing the First Draft of the Product
In this step, the first draft of the materials was developed based on the course grid.
4. Getting Expert Judgment
The evaluation from the expert was conducted in this step. 5.
Revision The developed materials were revised based on the recommendation that
was derived from the expert. The product that had been revised then became the final draft.
C. Setting and Subject of the Research
The needs analysis was conducted at SMPN 8 Yogyakarta. It is located in Jl. Prof. Dr. Kahari Muzakir 2, Yogyakarta. The subjects of this research were Grade
VII students in the academic year of 20152016. The class that became the subject of this research was Class VII D. The class was chosen by the English teacher.
D. Technique and Instrument of Data Collection
a. Data Collection Techniques
In this study, questionnaires were used to collect the data. There were two kinds of questionnaires that were used. The first questionnaire was applied in the
needs analysis and in the process of learning materials development. The learners‟ reading target needs and the learning needs were attained by doing need analysis.
The second questionnaire was aimed at evaluating the designed materials and
finding out whether the materials are appropriate for the learners or not. Therefore
this questionnaire was applied to the expert.
b. Data Collection Instruments
The instruments that were used in this research were questionnaires. Those instruments were used to obtain the students‟ needs and interests. There were two
questionnaires in this research namely first questionnaire and second questionnaire.
1 The First Questionnaire for the needs analysis
The first questionnaire was used for the needs analysis. It was aimed at getting the information about
the learners‟ identity, the learners‟ target needs, and the learning needs. This questionnaire was in the form of multiple choice
questions. The organization of the first questionnaire is presented on the table below.
Table 3.1 The Organization of The First Questionnaire for Needs
Analysis Aspects
Item Number
The Purpose of the questionnaire
References
Learners‟ Identities
Part A To find out the
information about students‟ profile
Graves 2000: 103 Learners‟
goal 1, 2, 3
To find out the learners‟ goal in learning English
Hutchinson and Waters 2006: 63
Nunan 2004: 41
Wants 9
To find out the learners‟ desire in learning
English, especially reading
Hutchinson and Waters 1987: 58
Graves 2000: 103
Lacks 10, 11, 12,
13 To find out learners‟
lacks Hutchinson and
Waters 2006: 62 Input
4, 5, 6, 7, 8 To find out the information about the
Nunan 2004: 47 Graves 2000: 103
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