Background of the Study

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CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

A. Background of the Study

Nowadays, technology, especially information technology, is very important in our daily life. Most people in the world, from young to old people, use it to help their activities. They use it as a communication tool because it really helps them to know the latest information quickly as soon as they need. In education environment, information technology also has contribution as it could serve an interesting way of teaching. According to The Ministerial Regulation No. 65 of 2013 regarding Standard Process, one of the educational principles is employing information, communication and technology to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of learning. Teachers are demanded to master information technology, especially ICT as a media in teaching- learning process. ICT is an extended synonym for information technology that is more specific which emphasizes the role of unified communication and the integration of telecommunications, computers as well as necessary enterprise software, middleware, storage, audio-visual systems. It enables users to access, store, transmit, and manipulate information. ICT has been used by academic researchers since the 1980s. One of the examples of the ICT is interactive multimedia. Interactive multimedia can help teacher delivering the materials in an interesting way because it can help the students receive the materials easily. Cairncross and Mannion 2001: 56 state that interactive multimedia has the possibility to create important standard learning environment which actively employ the learner, thereby promoting deep learning. The elements in multimedia provide the message and the delivery which directs to a better teaching and learning environment. Therefore, interactive multimedia is needed as the media for teaching and learning process in the class. Based on an interview with an English teacher in SMA N 2 Yogyakarta on April 2014, it was found that the teacher does not use interactive multimedia in the teaching and learning process. The teacher also has difficulties in finding an appropriate English interactive multimedia for the students. Actually, the teacher can develop an English interactive multimedia by themselves. Teacher can adopt and adapt the appropriate English learning materials from many sources and then make them to be an interactive multimedia. There are many ways to make the appropriate English learning materials to be an interactive multimedia like PowerPoint slides and Adobe Flash, but the teacher does not have enough time to develop it and she has difficulties in developing the materials into an interactive multimedia. It is proved that the existence of language and computer laboratory is not optimally used to help the teacher in the teaching and learning process. The teacher says that developing an interactive multimedia needs much more time, so she prefers to use LKS or textbook as the main materials than an interactive multimedia because she thinks LKS or textbook is more communicative. Sometimes she also takes the materials from the internet but the materials are not relevant for the students because the language is too difficult and too complicated. She also states that she delivers materials to the students without any help from interesting media like videos, pictures, or movies. The students become less interested and less motivated in English because of those problems. These facts are against the essence of Curriculum 2013. According to The Ministerial Regulation No. 68 of 2013, teachers should use scientific approach in teaching. Scientific approach is conducted by following six learning activities which are observing, questioning, experimenting, associating, communicating, and creating text. Scientific approach trains students to inquire the facts about what they are learning. Related to the implementation of the latest curriculum, The Ministry of Education and Culture has provided a textbook entitled “Buku Bahasa Inggris” for grade X students. The content of the book was developed based on the core and basic competencies of Curriculum 2013 for grade X students. The textbook is limited on presenting texts. It cannot provide students with sound or moving objects like animations as the input. Moreover, the textbook is not provided with audio CD. Therefore, the development of interactive multimedia for grade X students is necessary to be conducted to support students in learning English in an interesting way.

B. Identification of the Problem