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showed 33 sound shifts. The sound shift that often appears was the change of phoneme v into f. The researcher found the data as bellow:
In the word of ‘video’ vIdiəʊ, they changed phoneme v into phoneme f.
vIdi əʊ
→ fIdi
əʊ In the word of ‘very’ ’verI:, they changed phoneme v into
phoneme f. ’verI:
→ ’ferI:
In the word of ‘vast’ va:st, they changed phoneme v into phoneme f.
va:st →
fa:st In medial position, there were three words that used by the
researcher. The words are ‘advice’, ‘heavy’, and ‘navigator’. The result
of these analyses showed 34 sound shifts. The sound shift that often appears was the change of phoneme v into f. The researcher found
the data as bellow: In the word of ‘advice’ əd’vaIz, they changed phoneme v into
phoneme f. əd’vaIz
→ əd’faIz
In the word of ‘heavy’ ’hevi, they changed phoneme v into phoneme f. ’hevi
→ ’hefi
In the word of ‘navigator’ nævIgeItər, they changed phoneme v into phoneme f.
nævIgeIt ər
→ næfIgeIt
ər In final position, there were three words that used by the
researcher. The words are ‘save’, ‘believe’, and ‘nave’. The result of these analyses showed 46 sound shifts. The sound shift that often
appears was the change of phoneme v into f. The researcher found the data as bellow:
In the word of ‘save’ seiv, they changed phoneme v into phoneme f.
seiv →
seif In the word of ‘belive’ bI’li:v, they changed phoneme v into
phoneme f. bI’li:v
→ bI’li:f
In the word of ‘nave’ neIv, they changed phoneme v into phoneme f.
neIv →
neIf
2.11. Phoneme ð
There are 9 words that used to this research to study phoneme ð. Each word consists of phoneme ð in initial, medial, and final
positions. All the words read by 20 Javanese learners of English. The result of the collected the data showed that totally 180 phoneme ð that
pronounced by the participants, there were 63 sound shifts. These sound shifts were divided into 3 positions; initial, medial, and final positions.
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In initial position, there were 3 words that used by the researcher. The words are
‘them’, ‘they’, and ‘that’. The result of these analyses showed 14 sound shifts. The sound shift that often appears was the
change of phoneme ð into phoneme d. The researcher found the data as bellow:
In the word of ‘them’ ðem, they changed phoneme ð into phoneme d.
ðem →
dem In the word of ‘they’ ðeI, they changed phoneme ð into
phoneme d. ðeI
→ deI
In the word of ‘that’ ðæt, they changed phoneme ð into phoneme d.
ðæt →
dæt Then, four of them pronounced phoneme ð into nd. The
researcher found the data as bellow: In the word of ‘they’ ðeI, they changed phoneme ð into
phoneme nd. ðeI
→ ndeI
In the word of ‘that’ ðæt, they changed phoneme ð into phoneme nd.
ðæt →
ndæt In medial position, there were three words that used by the
researcher. The words are ‘other’, ‘lather’, and ‘rather’. The result of these analyses showed 16 sound shifts. The sound shift that often
appears was the change of phoneme ð into d. The researcher found the data as bellows:
In the word of ‘other’ ’ʌðər, they changed phoneme ð into phoneme d.
’ʌðər →
’ʌdər In the word of ‘lather’ ’l ːðər, they changed phoneme ð
into phoneme d. ’l ːðər
→ ’l ːdər
In the word of ‘rather’ ra:ðər, they changed phoneme ð into phoneme d.
ra:ð ər
→ ra:d
ər Besides the alteration phoneme ð into phoneme d, there was
another sound shift. In the word of ‘lather’ ’l ːðər, they changed phoneme ð
into phoneme θ ’l ːðər
→ ’l ːθər
In final position, there were three words that used by the researcher. The words are ‘breathe’, ‘loathe’, and ‘clothe’. The result of
these analyses showed 34 sound shifts. The researcher found the data as bellow:
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In the word of ‘breathe’ bri:ð, they changed phoneme ð into phoneme d.
bri:ð →
bri:d In the word of clothe’ kləʊð, they changed phoneme ð into
phoneme d. kl
əʊð →
kl əʊd
In the word of ‘breathe’ bri:ð, they changed phoneme ð into phoneme t.
bri:ð →
bri:t In the word of ‘loathe’ ləʊð, they changed phoneme ð into
phoneme t. l
əʊð →
l əʊt
In the word of ‘clothe’ kləʊð, they changed phoneme ð into phoneme t.
kl əʊð
→ kl
əʊt In the word of ‘breathe’ bri:ð, they changed phoneme ð into
phoneme θ. bri:ð
→ bri:θ
In the word of ‘loathe’ ləʊð, they changed phoneme ð into phoneme θ.
l əʊð
→ l
əʊθ In the word of ‘clothe’ kləʊð, they changed phonemeð into
phoneme θ. kl
əʊð →
kl əʊθ
2.12. Phoneme θ
