The Correspondence of the Primary Stress in Resulting blends
However, the types of combining patterns are essential in the stress assignment of blends since they determine which part of source words retained
and deleted in blends. In a point of fact, the stress of an English word is counted from the last syllable. Thus, knowing which part of the source words retained in
blends becomes important here in observing the stress assignment. The distribution of primary stress in resulting blends according to the combining
patterns are presented in the following table.
Table 4.9
The Distribution of Primary Stress in Resulting Blends according to the Combining Patterns
Types of Blends
First Source Word SW1 Second Source Word
SW2 1
st
SW1 SW2
1
st
2
nd
unstressed 1
st
2
nd
unstressed type A
104 -
11 77
- -
- type B
44 7
27 34
- -
20 type C
74 12
17 89
- -
60 type D
42 9
17 3
- -
- type OV0
15 -
2 52
- -
42 type OV1
67 -
- 84
- -
110 type OV2
42 2
8 55
- -
71
As stated beforehand, there are five patterns of stress assignment in resulting blends, namely the equivalence between primary stress in resulting
blends and primary stress in SW 1, secondary stress in SW 1, unstressed syllable in SW 1, primary stress in SW 2, and primary stress in SW 1 and 2. Table 4.9
illustrates that the first pattern occurs mostly in the type A, the second pattern in the type C, the third pattern in the type B, the fourth pattern in the type C, and the
fifth pattern in the type OV1. The detailed explanation is presented in these following paragraphs.
1 The Equivalence between Primary Stress in the Resulting Blends and Primary Stress in SW 1
This is the first pattern in which the primary stress in resulting blends is equivalent to the primary stress in SW1. After examining the data, it is found that
all types of both clipping and overlapping blends have the stress assignment which fits into this pattern.
Being compared to all types of both clipping and overlapping blends, this pattern mostly happens in the type A of clipping blends. The examples of type A
are ‘plumcot and ‘course,ware. In ‘plumcot, it combines the whole word plum and
last part cot from apricot, thus the omitted part is the primary stress of SW2. Henceforth, it remains the primary stress of SW1. Similarly, in
‘courseware ‘course x ’software, the stress of SW2 is omitted, thus the remaining stress
belongs to SW1. Besides, it also occurs in the clipping blends type B, C, and D. As stated in
the previous section that type B combines first part of SW1 and the whole part of the second SW2. The examples are
‘vege,burger ‘vegetable x ‘burger and ‘cosplay ‘costume x ‘play. As seen in ‘vege,burger, the primary stress is
equivalent to the stress in SW1. In ‘cosplay, the primary stress corresponds to the
primary stress of SW1, although the primary stress also occurs in ‘play. It is
because the stress is assigned on the penultimate. Thus, the primary stress is in SW1. Type C combines first part of SW1 and the last part of SW2. The examples
are ‘bankster ‘banker x ‘gangster and ‘cronut ‘croissant x ‘doughnut. In both
‘bankster and ‘cronut, the first parts of SW2 gang and dough in both blends are omitted whereas they bring primary stress. Thus the remaining stress is the
primary stress of SW1. Type D combines the first part of both source words. The example is the blend
‘desk,note ‘desktop x ‘notebook. In ‘desk,note, the first parts of both source words desk and note which bring primary stress are
preserved. Nevertheless, the stress is on the primary stress of SW1 since the stress is assigned on the penultimate. The same way happens on the blend
‘taxi,cab which combines
‘taxi,meter and ,cabrio’let. The primary stress of ‘taxi,cab is equivalent to the primary stress in SW1.
Furthermore, the types of overlapping blends which fit into this pattern are OV0, OV1, and OV2. The examples of OV0 are
‘fluidram ‘fluid x ‘dram and ‘phoneck ‘phone x ‘neck. Both examples retain the primary stress of first source
words. Blends ‘beefalo ‘beef x ‘buffalo and ‘brainiac ‘brainy x ‘maniac are the
examples of this type OV1. In ‘beefalo and ‘brainiac, the primary stress of SW2
are omitted, thus they retain the primary stress of SW1. The examples of type OV2 are
‘boxercise ‘boxing x ‘exercise and ‘liger ‘lion x ‘tiger. The first parts of both
‘boxercise and ‘liger are omitted, thus it retains the primary stress of SW1.
2 The Equivalence between Primary Stress in the Resulting Blends and Secondary Stress in SW 1
The second pattern is that the primary stress of resulting blends is equivalent to the secondary stress of the SW1. Although the number of blends following this
characteristic is relatively small, it is counted since it gives an important
contribution to the result. According to the data, this pattern occurs only in clipping blends type B, C, and D and overlapping blend type OV2. The examples
of the type B are ‘contrail ,conden’sation x ‘trail, ‘docu,drama ,docu’mentary x
‘drama, and „docusoap ,docu’mentary x ‘soup. In „contrail, the primary stress is assigned in the syllable con, whereas the fact is that the syllable obtains
secondary stress in the original word ,conden’sation. Similarly, in ‘docu,drama
and ‘docu,soap, the primary stressed syllable is in the syllable do which is
originally taken from the word , docu’mentary. The examples of the type C are
‘bi,ome ,bio’logical x ‘dome and e’lectret e,lec’tricity x ‘magnet. The primary stressed syllable of the blend „bi,ome is bi, whereas in the source word the syllable
bi obtains secondary stress. In e’lectret, the syllable lec is assigned a primary
stress, although that syllable gets secondary stress as in e,lec’tricity. The examples
of type D are ‘agit,prop ,agi’tation x ,propa’ganda and ‘av,gas ,avi’ation x
‘gasoline. In both examples, the primary stressed syllables are ag and av, respectively. Both syllables ad and av obtain secondary stress in their source
words. Besides, the type of overlapping blends following this type is blends type
OV2. The examples are ‘magalogue ,maga’zine x ‘catalogue and ‘tange,lo
,tange’rine x ‘pome,lo. The syllable ma in ‘magalogue and tan in ‘tange,lo bear a primary stress, although in the source words they bear a secondary stress.