Conclusions CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

have heads, it will be difficult for the hearers and readers to identify the meaning. Dealing with this issue, it is essential to provide contexts since it can be used as a clue to identify the source words and henceforth the meaning of resulting blends. To sum up, the essential finding from this research is that blending is said to be one of the simple ways to enrich the vocabulary of English since itmerely uses the existing words. Accordingly, the analysis of blends should deal with the analysis of morphology and phonology simultaneously, henceforth prosodic morphology. It is due to the fact that the combination of two or more words in blends is sometimes morphologically acceptable, but phonologically violated. The huge number of blends in this research in their written forms has been taken from mass media and social media. In this regard, people would be awkward to pronounce blends they are not familiar with and even they have never heard before. Therefore, it is essential to analyze blends for the sake of pronunciation. Despite their unique characteristic, it is essential to treat blends as other “common‟ words which have undergone some restrictions in all their linguistics aspects especially in the word manufacturing. Furthermore, a blend will be regarded as an English word due to their appropriateness to the English language and their usage in the actual speech. When a certain blend is used widely among English speaker, it will be familiar to the English speaker and automatically it will be added to the lexicon of people. The more familiar they become, the more accepted they are as other “common” words.

B. Recommendations

The scope of this research is that it uses blends taken from seven online dictionaries. Besides, the analysis covers complex linguistics aspects such as morphology, semantic, and phonology. During the implementation, there are some limitations that the researcher makes. Therefore, the researcher is willing to give two recommendations for future research. Firstly, in the process of collecting the data, the present researcher found many blends which combined more than two words, frequently three words. As stated in the Literature Review of this present study, blends are formed by combining two or more words and deleting parts of them. Nevertheless, the present researcher only focuses on two-word blends in this study. It would be a comprehensive research if blends which consist of three or more words are also analyzed. It is because there must be some considerations that people combine three words into one word. Secondly, this study has not covered the discussion of secondary stress in blends. It would be interesting for future researchers to analyze the correspondence of the secondary stress in blends all together. BIBLIOGRAPHY

A. Books and Journals

Aitchison, J. 2003 Linguistics: Teach Yourself. London: Hodder Headline. Aronoff, M and Fudeman, K. 2011 What is Morphology? West Sussex: Blackwell Publishing Ltd. Bat-El, O. 1996 Selecting the best of the worst: The grammar of Hebrew blends. Phonology 13: 283-328. Bokhari, R and Pervez, S. 2003 Syllabification Resyllabification in Urdu. Retrieved from http:www.cle.org.pkPublicationCrulp_reportCR03_11E Collins, B and Mees, I.M. 2003 Practical Phonetics and Phonology: A Resource Book for Students. New York: Routledge. Crystal, D. 2008 A Dictionary of Linguistics and Phonetics. Victoria: Blackwell Publishing. Enarsson, A. 2006 New Blends in the English Language. Karlstads University. Retrieved from www.kau.se. Finegan, E. 2004 Language: its Structure and Use. Boston: Wadsworth. Fromkin, V., Blair, D. and Collins, P. 2000 An Introduction to Language. London: Harcourt College Publishers. Giegerich, H.J. 1992 English Phonology: An Introduction. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Hong, Sung-Hoon. 2004 Properties of English Word-blends: Structural Description and Statistical Distribution. English Language and Linguistics 18, 117-140. Katamba, F. 1993 Morphology. New York: St. Martin‟s Press, Inc. Ladefoged, P. 1993 A Course In Phonetics. Fort Worth: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Inc. Lappe, S. A and Plag, I. 2012 The Role of Prosodic Structure in the Formation of English Blends. English Language and Linguistics 17, 537-563. Lee, S. 2014 Correspondence Theory and Phonological Blending in French. SHS Web of Conferences 8, 1299-1314. Lehler, A. 2007 Blendacious in Munat, Judith‟s Lexical, Creativity, Texts and Contexts. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company. O‟Grady, W., Archibald, J., Aronoff, M., and Rees-Miller, J. 2005 Contemporary Linguistics. New York: Bedfo rd St. Martin‟s. Plag, I. 2003 Word-formation in English. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press Radford, A., Atkinson, M., Britain, D., Clahsen, H., and Spenser, A. 2009 Linguistics: An Introduction. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Spencer, A. 2001 Morphophonology. International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences. Elsevier Science Ltd. St. Clair, R. N. 2006 Cycles in Metrical Phonology. Intercultural Communication Studies XV-3, 128-148. Szymanek, B. 1989 Introduction to Morphological Analysis. Warszawa: Panstwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe.

B. Online Dictionaries

About Words from Cambridge Dictionaries Online Blog http:dictionaryblog.cambridge.org Latest New Word Suggestions from Collins Dictionary http:www.collinsdictionary.com Oxford Dictionaries http:www.oxforddictionaries.com The Open Dictionary New Words Slang from Merriam-Webster Dictionary http:nws.merriam-webster.comopendictionary The Rice University Neologisms Database http:neologisms.rice.edu Urban Dictionary http:www.urbandictionary.com Word Spy http:wordspy.com

C. Online Articles

Wolf, B. ““Balloonatics Prepare for Thanksgiving Parade”. Abcnews.com. Abcnews, 23 November 2004. Web. 1 April. 2014. http:abcnews.go.comEntertainmentWolfFilesstory?id=291499 Lamster, M. “How to fix Dallas: Cut the noose of Interstate 345 and let it breathe.” DallasNews.com. Dallas News, 28 October. 2013. Web. 1 April. 2014.http:www.dallasnews.comlifestylesartscolumnistsmark- lamster20131026-architecture-commentary-cut-the-noose-of-interstate-345- and-let-dallas-breathe.ece Ostatnia, A. “Part-time Vegetarians 5.” Newsweek, 16 December. 2008. Web. 1 April 2015. http:www.newsweek.plpart-time-vegetarians- 5,31454,1,1.html http:news.yahoo.comdigging-china-nuclear-tunnels-013008319.html http:www.policymic.comarticles73429snapchat-ceo-evan-spiegel-s-3-billion- rejection-letter-to-facebook-s-mark-zuckerberg APPENDICES